区块链和侧链的区别,区块链和侧链的关系

近年来，随着区块链技术的发展，越来越多的人开始关注区块链和侧链之间的区别和关系。今天，我们将探讨三个关键词：区块链，侧链和DApp，以及它们之间的关系。

区块链是一种分布式账本技术，可以用来记录交易数据，并通过加密算法保护数据的完整性和不可篡改性。它把所有的交易记录分成一个个的“区块”，每一个区块都有一个唯一的编号和一个时间戳，用于标识它们的顺序。每一个区块都会包含一些交易数据，这些交易数据是在网络中共享的，并且可以被任何人查看和验证。

侧链是一种技术，它可以将一个主区块链上的数据和交易转移到一个独立的侧链上，从而改善主链的效率和性能。侧链可以让用户在主链上进行更多的交易，而不用担心它会影响主链的性能。侧链通常有自己的货币系统，也可以支持智能合约，从而使用户能够在侧链上进行复杂的金融交易。

DApp（去中心化应用）是一种分布式应用，它可以在区块链上运行，而不需要中央服务器。它是一种去中心化的应用，可以让用户在区块链上进行安全的交易，而不需要任何第三方的参与。DApp可以在主链上运行，也可以在侧链上运行，从而改善主链的效率和性能。

总之，区块链是一种分布式账本技术，可以记录交易数据。侧链是一种技术，可以将主链上的数据和交易转移到一个独立的侧链上，从而改善主链的效率和性能。DApp是一种去中心化应用，可以在主链和侧链上运行，从而改善主链的效率和性能。区块链和侧链之间存在着密切的联系，而DApp则是这种联系的具体应用。

A. What is a side chain

A side chain is another blockchain outside the main chain, anchoring a node in the main chain. Computing power is used to maintain the authenticity of the side chain and realize the transfer of values ​​on the public blockchain and other account books across multiple blockchains. The most representative implementation is Blocksteam. The main chain in this blockchain architecture where the main chain and side chain cooperate is sometimes called the parent chain (Parentchain)

B. Chain classification of blockchain

Two days ago, a friend asked a lot of questions about blockchain on WeChat. One of the questions was how to classify the blockchain chain. Blockchain can currently be divided into four categories: public chain, private chain, alliance chain and side chain. Beijing Muqi Mobile Technology Co., Ltd., a professional blockchain outsourcing development company, welcomes discussions for cooperation. The following will help you understand the characteristics of these blockchain chains and how to apply them. I hope it will be helpful to you.

1. Public chain - everyone can participate

Public chain means that anyone can read it, anyone can send transactions, and transactions can be effectively confirmed A blockchain in which anyone can participate in the consensus process.

The public chain adopts the proof-of-work mechanism (POW), proof-of-stake mechanism (POS), and share authorization proof mechanism (DPOS), and combines economic rewards and encrypted digital verification. And establish a principle that the economic rewards that each person can obtain are proportional to the workload. These blockchains are often considered to be completely decentralized.

Features:

1. Open source, because the operating rules of the entire system are open and transparent, this system is an open source system; 2. Protect users from the influence of developers, in the public domain Program developers in the chain have no right to interfere with users, so the blockchain can protect users who use the programs they develop; 3. The access threshold is low and anyone with sufficient technical capabilities can access it, that is, as long as there is a computer that can connect to the Internet Computers can meet the access conditions; 4. All data is public by default, although all associated participants hide their true identities. This phenomenon is very common. They generate their own security through their public nature, where every participant can see all account balances and all their transaction activity.

Case: There are many familiar figures in the public chain: BTC, ETH, EOS, AE, ADA, etc.

2. Private chain - rights are in the hands of a few people

A private chain refers to a blockchain whose write permission is only in the hands of one organization. Read permissions are either open to the public or arbitrarily restricted. Relevant applications include database management, auditing, and even a company, although in some cases it is desirable toThere is public auditability, but in many cases public readability is not required.

Features:

1. Fast transaction speed. The transaction speed of a private chain can be faster than any other blockchain, or even close to not being a blockchain. the speed of a regular database. This is because even a small number of nodes have a high degree of trust, and each node does not need to verify a transaction. 2. Good privacy, giving better privacy protection The private chain makes the data privacy policy on that blockchain exactly the same as in another database; there is no need to deal with access permissions and use all the old methods, but at least it says , this data is not publicly available to anyone with an internet connection. 3. Low transaction costs. Transaction costs are significantly reduced or even zero. Transactions can be carried out completely free or at least very cheaply on the private chain. If one entity controlled and processed all transactions, they would no longer need to charge fees for their work.

Case: The Linux Foundation, R3CEV Corda platform, and Gem Health network’s Hyperledger project are either developing or using private chains.

3. Alliance chain - partial decentralization

The degree of openness and decentralization of the alliance chain is limited. The participants are screened out in advance or designated directly. The read permission of the database may be public, or it may be limited to the participants of the system like the write permission.

Features:

1. Low transaction costs, transactions only need to be verified by a few trusted high-computing nodes without the need for confirmation by the entire network; 2. Nodes Easy to connect, if something goes wrong, the consortium chain can be quickly repaired through manual intervention, and allows the use of consensus algorithms to reduce block times, thereby completing transactions faster; 3. Flexible, if necessary, run a private blockchain community or Companies can easily modify the rules of this blockchain, revert transactions, modify balances, etc.

Case: Ripple has established an alliance chain for international remittances between Japan and South Korea and inter-bank remittances in Japan. At the same time, Xunlei Link, which has been popular for a while, is also a semi-open alliance chain.

4. Side chain - extended protocol

Strictly speaking, "side chain" is not a blockchain itself, but can be understood as an extension of the blockchain. Protocol. The early "side chain" was to solve the limitations of Bitcoin blockchain technology. Side chains are like pathways that connect different blockchains to each other to achieve the expansion of the blockchain. Side chains Completely independent of the Bitcoin blockchain, but the two ledgers can "interoperate" and interact.

Features:

1. Independence. The advantage of the side chain architecture is that the code and data are independent, which does not increase the burden on the main chain and avoid excessive data expansion. The side chain has an independent blockchain, an independent trustee or witness, and an independent node network. That is to say, the blocks generated by a side chain will only be broadcast among all nodes where the side chain is installed. . 2. Flexibility. All blockchain parameters of the side chain can be customized, such as block intervals, block rewards, transaction fee destinations, etc. Advanced users can also modify the consensus algorithm.

Case: LSK, RDN, ARDR and other currencies use side chain technology.

For the current entire digital currency field, this year may still be a competition for the underlying public chain projects. The reason is that the current public chain as the infrastructure of the blockchain still has obvious shortcomings and is still unable to be realized. Truly safe, reliable and efficient. This also obviously restricts the development of the entire blockchain industry.

C. The difference between the main chain and the side chain in the blockchain

Usually blockchains, especially public chains, have mainnets and testnets. The main network is a trusted blockchain network recognized by the blockchain community, and its transaction information is recognized by all members. Valid blocks will be appended to the main network's block ledger after consensus on the blockchain network.
Many people don’t understand what sidechains are. This concept comes from the Bitcoin community and was proposed in December 2013. There are some questions about whether its birth is due to Bitcoin itself or the mechanism of a certain blockchain. But if you modify it directly on the Bitcoin protocol or chain, it is easy to make mistakes. And because Bitcoin blocks are constantly being operated, if something goes wrong, the amount of funds involved will be huge, and this is not allowed.
Sidechains actually do not refer to a specific blockchain, but all blockchains that comply with the sidechain protocol. This term is relative to the main chain of Bitcoin.
For more information, browse what is a side chain

D. The difference between the main chain and the side chain in the blockchain

According to the degree of independence of the blockchain network, it is divided into Two types: main chain and side chain. The difference between the two is as follows:

1. The main chain refers to a blockchain network that is officially online and can operate independently. The main chain is also called the main network and the mother chain. Simply put, it is the mother of all chains. The chain that can generate chains is called the parent chain.

2. Compared with the concept of the main chain, the side chain can be called a side chain as long as it abides by the side chain protocol and anchors a node on the main chain.

There is a cooperative relationship between the main chain and the side chain. The main chain is like the larger gear in a bicycle. It is an independent blockchain network that does not require power from other gears and can turn on its own.

E. What are the blockchain classification structures?What

The concept of blockchain has been quite popular recently. It comes from the implementation of cryptocurrencies such as Bitcoin, but now this technology has been gradually used in various fields. So do you know what the classifications of blockchain are? What is the structure of blockchain? Let’s follow us to find out more.
What are the classifications of blockchain?
1. Public Blockchains (PublicBlockChains)
Public Blockchain means: any individual or group in the world can send transactions, and the transactions can be effectively confirmed by the blockchain, and anyone can participate its consensus process. The public blockchain is the earliest blockchain, and it is also the most widely used blockchain at present. The virtual digital currencies of all major bitcoins series are based on the public blockchain. There is one and only one corresponding to this currency in the world. Blockchain.
2. Consortium (Industry) Blockchain (ConsortiumBlockChains)
Industry Blockchain: Multiple preselected nodes are designated within a certain group as bookkeepers, and the generation of each block is jointly performed by all preselected nodes. Decision (pre-selected nodes participate in the consensus process), other access nodes can participate in transactions, but do not participate in the accounting process (essentially still managed accounting, but become distributed accounting, how many slag points are pre-selected, how to decide each The bookkeeper of each block becomes the main risk point of the blockchain), and anyone else can conduct limited queries through the open API of the blockchain.
3. Private Blockchain (privateBlockChains)
Private Blockchain: Only uses the general ledger technology of the blockchain for accounting. It can be a company or an individual, and has exclusive access to the writing of the blockchain. With access permissions, this chain is not much different from other distributed storage solutions. At present (Dec2015), conservative giants (traditional finance) want to experiment with private blockchains, while public chain applications such as Bitcoin have been industrialized, and private chain application products are still being explored.
4. Sidechain (Sidechain)
Sidechain is a blockchain used to confirm data from other blockchains. Through the two-way peg (TwoWayPeg) mechanism, various assets such as Bitcoin and Ripple coins can be Transfers are realized on different blockchains at a certain exchange rate.
What is the structure of blockchain?
1. Basic network layer: The basic network layer consists of a data layer and a network layer. The data layer includes underlying data blocks and related data encryption and timestamp technologies; the network layer includes distributed networking mechanisms, Data dissemination mechanism and data verification mechanism, etc.
2. Intermediate protocol layer: The intermediate protocol layer consists of a consensus layer, an incentive layer, and a contract layer. The consensus layer mainly includes various consensus algorithms of network nodes; the incentive layer integrates economic factors into the blockchain technology system. , mainly including the issuance mechanism and distribution mechanism of economic incentives; the contract layer mainly includes various scripts, algorithms and smart contracts, which is a programmable blockchainThe basis of the characteristics.
3. Extension layer: This layer is similar to a computer driver and is designed to make blockchain products more practical. There are currently two categories. One is various trading markets, which are important channels for exchanging fiat currencies for cryptocurrency. They are simple to implement, get money quickly, and have low costs, but the risks are also high. The second is the expansion implementation in a certain direction. For example, based on the Yishu side chain, it can provide customized services for third-party publishing organizations, forum websites and other content producers.
4. Application service layer: As the most important link in the blockchain industry chain, the application service layer includes various application scenarios and cases of blockchain, including programmable currency, programmable finance and programmable society.
The above are the blockchain classifications brought to you by the editor? What is the structure of blockchain? all content.

F. Which one has more potential, the main chain or the side chain, in blockchain technology?

The main chain is the premise and foundation for the existence of the side chain.
Sidechains are altcoins that are nailed to the Bitcoin blockchain and issued with Bitcoin as a guarantee. For example, if I send 1,000 bitcoins to a certain block, which is the starting block of side chain A, there will be 1,000 side chain bitcoins available for circulation on side chain A. But the 1,000 Bitcoins on the main chain are locked in that block at the same time, and no one can use them. When in the future, for example, 100 coins on side chain A want to be exchanged for Bitcoin, a special transaction is made and sent back to the main chain, then 100 Bitcoins will be released from the 1,000 locked coins. It can be used freely
This way, because it does not increase the total amount of currency, it will not cause inflation problems (altcoins are inflationary in the cryptocurrency world, so there is very little support from stored-value users). An initial idea was probably that each country would use a side chain to issue an altcoin backed by Bitcoin for domestic circulation, while Bitcoin would be used for settlement between countries. But this idea leads to unnecessary duplication and complexity.
Nowadays, many projects use Bitcoin as the main chain to develop other projects, because the blockchain is open source and relatively reliable. Of course, you can also recreate a chain, such as DECENT.

G. How to explain blockchain in a popular way

“Blockchain technology is considered to be the next generation of disruptive core technology after steam engines, electricity, and the Internet. If the steam engine releases It has improved people's productivity, electricity has solved people's basic living needs, and the Internet has completely changed the way information is transmitted. As a machine that builds trust, blockchain will likely completely change the way value is transmitted in the entire human society."

I have just come into contact with the blockchain. There are too many basic knowledge that need to be understood and known. Don’t worry, today I will popularize this knowledge for you. Today, let’s first take a look at what public chains, private chains, alliance chains, and side chains are.

H. What is blockchain and what role does blockchain play

What is blockchain? What changes will it bring to your future life?

Blockchain is a new application model of computer technologies such as distributed data storage, point-to-point transmission, consensus mechanism, and encryption algorithms.

Blockchain is an important concept of Bitcoin. It is essentially a decentralized database. As the underlying technology of Bitcoin, it is a series of related cryptographic methods. Each data block contains a batch of Bitcoin network transaction information, which is used to verify the validity of the information (anti-counterfeiting) and generate the next block.

In the original English version of the Bitcoin white paper, the word blockchain does not actually appear, but chain of blocks is used. In the earliest Chinese translation of the Bitcoin white paper, chain of blocks was translated into blockchain. This is the earliest time when the Chinese word "blockchain" appeared.

The Cyberspace Administration of China issued the "Blockchain Information Service Management Regulations" on January 10, 2019, which will come into effect on February 15, 2019.

In a narrow sense, blockchain is a chain data structure that combines data blocks in a sequential manner in chronological order, and is cryptographically guaranteed to be non-tamperable and Unforgeable distributed ledger.

Broadly speaking, blockchain technology uses block chain data structures to verify and store data, uses distributed node consensus algorithms to generate and update data, and uses cryptography to ensure data transmission and Access security, a new distributed infrastructure and computing method that uses smart contracts composed of automated script codes to program and operate data.

In fact, to understand it very simply and vividly, we can imagine that everything in life is realized in digital form, including food, clothing, housing, transportation, medical treatment, education, etc., based on the Internet, it can be easily done at home Get it done, no matter where you go to do business or trade, you can completely operate it with your mobile phone. With the continuous development, everything we do can be easily completed online, such as volumetric work, production, planting, etc. Of course, the rise of 5g will bring about the end No one can accurately predict what it is now, but it will definitely bring about earth-shaking changes in life and social form!

Blockchain was born from Satoshi Nakamoto’s Bitcoin. Since 2009, various Bitcoin-like digital currencies have appeared, all based on public blockchains.

The current situation of digital currencies is that a hundred flowers are blooming. Here are some common ones: bitcoin, litecoin, dogecoin, OKcoinetc. In addition to currency applications, there are also various derivative applications, such as NXT, SIA, BitShares, MaidSafe, Ripple, Ethereum and many more.

On January 20, 2016, the People’s Bank of China Digital Currency Seminar announced that it had achieved phased results in digital currency research. The meeting affirmed the value of digital currency in reducing the issuance of traditional currency and stated that the central bank is exploring the issuance of digital currency.

Some areas where blockchain can be used can be:

▪ Smart contracts

▪ Securities trading

▪ E-commerce

▪ Internet of Things

▪ Social communication

▪ File storage

▪ Proof of existence

▪ Identity verification

▪ Equity crowdfunding

The development of blockchain can be compared to the development of the Internet itself. In the future, there will be an Internet called finance-internet, and this thing is based on blockchain, its precursor is bitcoin, that is, traditional finance starts from private chains and industry chains (local area network), and the bitcoin series starts from public chains (wide area network), both expressing the same The concept of digital assets (Digital Asset) eventually converges to an intermediate equilibrium point.

The core advantages of the blockchain architecture include:

Any node can create a transaction, and after a period of confirmation, it can reasonably confirm whether the transaction is Effectively, blockchain can effectively prevent problems from happening on both sides. The cost of trying to rewrite or modify transaction records is very high. Blockchain implements two types of records: transactions and blocks. Transactions are the actual data stored on the blockchain, while blocks are records confirming when and in what order certain transactions became part of the blockchain database. Transactions are created by participants using the system in the normal course (in the case of cryptocurrencies, a transaction is created by Bob sending tokens to Alice), while blocks are created by what we call Units of miners are responsible for creation.

So in conclusion, this is undoubtedly a new technology that changes life. In the future, the production activities of the entire society will be carried out with blockchain as the underlying logic, and many things will be within our reach. , plus artificial intelligence and bigThe integration of data allows us to easily handle things that may seem cumbersome now, such as some securities market transactions and intelligent matching of financial management activities.

To put it simply, blockchain is a network computing center that integrates people, property, machines, and goods, and packages it into a whole; putting it on an infrastructure to run the network computing center .

Now the author’s imagination is not big enough to imagine what the future world will be like. I am looking forward to it!

I know a thing or two about this issue. Let’s get to know this mysterious thing - blockchain.

Blockchain is a new application model of computer technologies such as distributed data storage, point-to-point transmission, consensus mechanism, and encryption algorithms. Blockchain is an important concept of Bitcoin. It is essentially a decentralized database. As the underlying technology of Bitcoin, it is a series of data blocks generated using cryptographic methods. Each The data block contains information about a batch of Bitcoin network transactions, which is used to verify the validity of the information (anti-counterfeiting) and generate the next block

The more popular it is, the more fake it is to keep the real. First of all, we must first figure out what the real blockchain technology is.

As an example, take buying fruits online.

The process of purchasing fruits online is as follows:

Using blockchain technology and decentralization, the process of purchasing fruits is as follows:

Summary:

1. We found that the original transaction process is: buyers and sellers make transactions, and all key processes are dealing with the payment platform. The advantage of this is that if there is a problem in any link, both sellers and buyers can seek help through the platform and let the platform arbitrate. However, a major bug or hacker attack occurs on the platform, resulting in the loss of all transfer records within a period of time. How to deal with the loss is a troublesome matter.

2. The transaction process using blockchain technology is: everyone’s ledger has exactly the same transaction record. Even if Alipay’s ledger server is broken, the seller’s ledger still exists, and the buyer’s ledger still exists. Still exists. Once this transaction occurs, the traces will never be erased.

This is the core of the blockchain, which is the four words "accounting + accounting".

The development and maturity of blockchain technology are inseparable from the foundation and foreshadowing of the above new generation of Internet technology. Blockchain is not only a technology, but also provides a service model and solution. , which has played an extremely important role in promoting the further development of the Internet industry.

1. Blockchain + Finance

2. Blockchain+ Supply Chain Management

3. Blockchain + Intelligent Manufacturing

4. Blockchain + Public Services

5. Blockchain+ Education and employment

6. Blockchain + culture and entertainment

7. Blockchain + payment

8. Blockchain + invoice {Shenzhen Enabled}

The traceability and non-tamperability of blockchain are perfectly combined with the inherent nature and needs of the financial industry, which makes the application of blockchain in the field of financial services an important step. By far the most in-depth and relatively mature field. Blockchain technology has broad application prospects. The future technological competition will also be a blockchain competition.

It is important to understand blockchain, which is important to see through various pseudo-blockchain scams.

If someone uses a bunch of professional terms to explain blockchain, it will be difficult for you to understand, and they may not really understand it themselves.

Therefore, we first establish a psychological line of defense. Anyone who sells you concepts and uses a lot of unfamiliar technical terms may be a liar. Be very careful!

To understand blockchain, you must know what the core appeal of blockchain is. What do you think you are most worried about in today's highly developed Internet world?

Privacy, yes, privacy. How to protect privacy? You may be monitored at any time, and any of your personal information may be stolen at any time. If personal privacy is not absolutely protected, the Internet will become another pyramid of power. Who is standing on top of the pyramid? He is the smartest technical master, a platform provider, and an information regulator. You and I may be the people at the bottom of this pyramid.

The people who originally invented the blockchain had serious concerns about being completely swallowed up by the Internet, and tried to create an absolutely safe encryption technology to lock up personal privacy. This technology completely subverts traditional encryption technology. In fact, it is not so much locking up privacy as it is tearing it into pieces, and then assigning each piece to different people for private keeping. Unless everyone agrees to take the pieces and piece together the complete code, the truth cannot be recreated. This is the first mechanism of blockchain, which is decentralization.

But decentralization alone is not enough. It is also necessary to make those who steal password fragments have nowhere to hide, so that every action of the thief is recorded indelibly and posted everywhere on the Internet. Diffuse and make it public. This is the second mechanism of the blockchain, the non-anonymous mechanism. Do you think, who snoops into privacy is not sneaky?

In summary, the blockchain is to hide privacy in a decentralized manner, record any actions that reproduce this privacy, and make it public. Seeing this,You may want to applaud blockchain. Don't worry, how can there be such a good thing in the world? Is there any utopia that is absolutely safe? If blockchain can be realized in an absolute sense, will the existence of the government still be meaningful? Yes, blockchain was originally the embodiment of anarchy. Its ultimate meaning is destined to never be realized. Its survival may have to rely on power, and it is destined to become another beautifully packaged lie and a pretense to deceive others. In this sense, the government must also specify a framework for the development of the blockchain, reconstruct the value of the blockchain, and drive out the anti-government and anti-national attempts contained in the blockchain. Some blockchain technologies can be used in concrete applications, but decentralization must not be promoted. In short, we must remain highly vigilant about blockchain. Beauty often hides its sting. Absolutely ideal recipes often turn out to be poison. The person who says he can absolutely protect your privacy and financial security is the real voyeur and vampire.

Perhaps the best way for us to protect privacy is not to have any privacy, to live a completely open life, either to live like a sun or to live like a god of wine.

Viewpoint: 1. The concept of blockchain originated from the technical attributes of Bitcoin (distributed data storage and accounting, decentralization, inability to tamper with transaction records, point-to-point information transmission, sharing mechanism...), but Later, some people continued to extend and expand the concept to many commercial fields to facilitate capital speculation. 2. Blockchain in reality (the current blockchain on the market is very confusing), the hype concept is mostly used to make money in the stock market, and there is still a lack of regulatory loopholes. , legal and regulatory issues, etc., and even money laundering (the actual operation of blockchain products is one thing, the capital operation behind it is another). At present, the computer systems around the world cannot meet the characteristics of blockchain attributes. Technical requirements (such as distributed data storage and accounting, decentralization...), network bandwidth, storage technology and computer computing systems cannot meet transaction operation requirements (it is easy to use computer technology to make your network clogged or unable to complete distribution) There are risks arising from practical applications such as formal data storage or transactions being interrupted or delayed at any time. In addition, as far as the current global computer system is concerned, it is easy to crack the underlying program of the blockchain (this is a fatal flaw in the current global computers, 0 and 1 binary logic In addition, if the reverse blockchain mode calculation algorithm is used, it is very easy to crack the blockchain. This reverse calculation mode can also completely tamper with all transaction records. If a true quantum computer becomes available in the future, it can directly break all blockchain computers in seconds. System, Bitcoin mining is a Ponzi scheme, 3. Most of the blockchains currently on the global market are basically capital speculation concepts to make money.

The concept of blockchain has been around for several years. , I heard a blockchain boss say at the beginning of last year that 2018 is the best year for the development of blockchain. After this year, foreign development will fall behind. What is blockchain? In terms of impact, it is like a pig. The large intestine is connected section by section. Blockchain is to connect these blocks together and fix them, using computers and the Internet toInternet encryption technology prevents secrets from being leaked to the outside world. This technology cannot be explained to non-professionals through professional terminology, and generally they will not understand it. It can only be explained with an analogy. Let me give you two examples:

1. Four people, A, B, C and D, play mahjong and gamble in a mahjong parlor. They use chips for each game and settle the bill at once when they break up. A loses 1,500 yuan and B loses 300 yuan. Yuan, C won 200, and D won 1,600. As a result, A only has 1,000 yuan, and everyone else has sorted it out, but A still owes D 400 yuan. Only these four people know about this matter, and these four people are one block. There is no proof for what he says, and he doesn’t know how to write an IOU for this kind of thing. What will happen if A doesn’t pay back the money in the future? Except for the four people A, B, C and D present, no one else knows about this. If A wants to default on the debt and says that he does not owe money at all, only three people, B, B, D and D, know that A is defaulting on the debt. It is difficult for others to judge whether A owes money and refuses to pay it back. Therefore, the value of blockchain needs to expand participation. What if these four people were playing mahjong and a dozen friends were watching? Isn’t the cost of defaulting on the loan high? This is real life block. What about extending to the Internet? Then there are endless possibilities and there are many scenarios.

2. If four people, A, B, C and D, do business in a business group of 500 people, this group of 500 people is a big block. Once, A asked B for 10,000 yuan of goods, but did not pay B in time. A said at that time that he would pay B within 3 days. Everyone in the group knows this. If A fails to send money to B within 3 days, then the other 498 business partners in the group will know about it. If A defaults on the debt, his reputation in this business circle will be ruined. affected. This is a block.

Later, A wanted to do business with C. C asked A for goods. A said that you should pay a deposit of 5,000 yuan and the goods will be shipped immediately. C paid 5,000 yuan to A, but A was delayed. Not shipping, everyone in this group knows, this is another block. When the two blocks are connected, everyone doubts A's credibility. How many times have you done this? Will Mr. A continue to play in the future? This is the value of blockchain.

Blockchain may seem complicated, but it is not complicated at all; it may seem simple, but it is actually very difficult to operate. The blocks are too small and meaningless. If a block wants to grow bigger, privacy and business secrets will be involved. For example, it is inconvenient to talk about falling in love in a large group; for example, it is inconvenient to discuss it publicly in the group (block) beforehand when working together to do big business. However, there are still occasions when blockchain technology is used, such as poverty alleviation work, disaster relief fund management, etc. It is exposed to the sun and everyone knows it and supervises each other. I’ve given these two examples. Do you understand them at all?

[The most core and easy-to-understand introduction to blockchain]

1. How does blockchain create trust? We use "1", "2", and "3" to summarize the characteristics of the blockchain:

- "1" sentenceSummarize blockchain: a trusted distributed database;

- "2" core properties: distributed, non-tamperable;

- "3" key mechanisms: Principles of cryptography, data storage structure, and consensus mechanism.

The "distributed" and "non-tamperable" properties ensure the "honesty" and "transparency" of the blockchain, which is the basis for the blockchain to create trust.

2. In terms of industry, it is expected that the financial industry will be dominated by the financial industry in the next 3-5 years, gradually radiating to other real industries, more realistic scenarios will be accelerated, and the industry will develop from "1 to N" to Including entertainment, product traceability, credit reporting, etc.

In the future, in addition to using technologies such as side chains, lightning networks, and cross-chains, blockchain will also need to be deeply integrated with emerging information technologies such as 5G, artificial intelligence, big data, and the Internet of Things to enhance the Technical performance and off-chain data quality and reduce resource waste.

3. Smart contracts may be the most revolutionary application on the blockchain. If smart contracts are widely used on the blockchain, the economic division of labor will be further refined in the Internet era. Network nodes around the world will directly connect demand and production, and broader social collaboration will be realized.

If the above vision is realized, the combination of blockchain technology and industry is expected to usher in an explosive moment "from 1 to N". Its explosion may not be linear but non-linear. Blockchain Only then can the chain be upgraded from a "trust machine" to an important "engine" leading the industry wave.

Decentralization. Prevent cheating. It used to be that one person kept accounts and could make changes. Now there are 50 people. Each person records an entry and everyone has a record in the account book. Can you make changes to all 50? All 50 ledgers are valid unless they are all changed. So it's very useful.

I saw many people answering that ordinary people cannot understand intuitively. Let me explain simply and clearly, blockchain is decentralized. When something happens, everyone writes it down and has their own password, which cannot be tampered with.

Even if a hacker wants to change it, he has to do it one by one, which will tire him out. In fact, it is impossible, at least for now.

Blockchain is a new application model of computer technologies such as distributed data storage, point-to-point transmission, consensus mechanism, and encryption algorithms.

Blockchain originated from Bitcoin and is an important concept of Bitcoin. It is essentially a decentralized database. As the underlying technology of Bitcoin, it is a series of cryptographic methods. The associated data blocks are generated. Each data block contains a batch of Bitcoin network transaction information, which is used to verify the validity of its information and generate the next block.

Blockchain is used in international exchange, letters of credit, equity registration andFinancial fields such as stock exchanges have potentially huge application value. The application of blockchain technology in the financial industry can eliminate the need for third-party intermediaries and achieve direct point-to-point connection, thereby greatly reducing costs and quickly completing transaction payments.

After reading so many expert advices, I am still confused. I only remember that someone used this so-called "blockchain" to do pyramid schemes in the past...

I. What are side chains and main chains in blockchain

Main chain: That is, an officially launched, independent blockchain network. It can be said that the entity that stores data in the blockchain is generally considered to be the main chain network itself. For example, BTC mainnet, ETH mainnet and EOS mainnet are all main chains.

Sidechain: First of all, the essence of the sidechain protocol is a cross-blockchain solution. Simply put, this solution allows data information to be transferred between two blockchains. Sidechains were originally proposed to enable the transfer of Bitcoin and other digital assets between multiple blockchains.

In layman’s terms, side chains are like pathways that connect different blockchains to each other to achieve the expansion of the blockchain. The side chain is completely independent of the main chain, but the two ledgers can "interoperate" and achieve interaction.

Sidechain protocol - Sidechain protocol refers to (taking Bitcoin as an example): it allows Bitcoin to be safely transferred from the Bitcoin main chain to other blockchains, and from other blockchains A protocol for securely returning to the Bitcoin main chain. The same goes for exchanging Bitcoin for Ethereum or other blockchains. So, why do we need side chains, or what are the benefits of side chains?

The functions that the main chain lacks are provided by the side chain.

For example, the Bitcoin network does not have the function of smart contracts, but this function can be realized through side chains.

If the operation efficiency of the main chain is low, some functions of the main chain can be transferred to the side chain for implementation.

For example, the transfer speed of the main chain is very slow and there is no way to meet daily payment needs. We can develop the Lightning Network as a side chain to meet daily payment needs. Also due to low performance, Ethereum cannot support large-scale commercial-level DAPPs (decentralized applications), which can be achieved through side-chain development.

If you put aside the technical rigor, you can use another simpler way to understand side chains. All networks that provide support or services for the original main network can be called side chains. No need to Care about whether this side chain uses blockchain technology. For example:

Third-party payment network (Alipay/WeChat), you can think of the bank network as the main chain, and third-party payment is a side chain.

Cryptocurrency trading considers free networks such as Bitcoin and other virtual currencies as the main chain, and the exchange can be regarded as a side chain.

RSK and Loom, they are respectively aimed at Bitcoin and otherA side chain developed separately from the Ethereum main chain.

In the first application, the main chain and side chain are centralized

In the second application, the main chain is decentralized and the side chain is Centralized

The third application, the main chain is decentralized, and the side chain is also decentralized. With the deepening of blockchain technology, we can see human value exchange activities , will slowly transition from the first application to the third application.

The Xueshuo Innovation Blockchain Technology Workstation under Lianqiao Education Online is a school planning and construction development project of the Ministry of Education of China. The "Smart Learning Workshop 2020-Master's Degree Innovation Workstation" launched by the center is the only approved "blockchain technology professional" pilot workstation. The professional base is based on providing students with diversified growth paths, promoting the reform of the training model integrating professional degree research, production, and research, and building an applied and compound talent training system.