浙江区块链峰会2017时间,浙江区块链峰会2017年召开

2017年，浙江区块链峰会拉开了帷幕，本次会议汇集了来自世界各地的区块链专家，就区块链技术的发展前景、应用场景及相关技术等话题展开了深入的讨论。会议探讨的三个关键词分别是：区块链技术、应用场景和相关技术。

区块链技术

区块链技术是一种分布式账本技术，它利用密码学和分布式计算的原理，将信息存储在网络中的节点中，形成一个去中心化的数据库网络。区块链技术的核心思想是“去中心化”，它拥有超强的安全性、不可篡改性和可追溯性等特点，可以有效的解决传统中心化系统存在的信任问题。此外，区块链技术还可以构建智能合约，实现自动执行，大大降低了中介机构的成本，提高了效率。

应用场景

区块链技术的应用场景正在不断扩展，从金融领域到政府管理，再到智能制造，都可以看到区块链技术的身影。在金融领域，区块链技术可以实现去中心化的货币交易，实现安全、快速的资金转移；在政府管理方面，可以构建政务公信平台，实现政务数据的安全存储和可信共享；在智能制造领域，可以实现智能制造资源的共享，提高制造业的生产效率。

相关技术

区块链技术的发展离不开相关技术的支撑，包括密码学、分布式计算、智能合约等。密码学技术是区块链技术的核心，它可以实现数据的加密存储和安全传输；分布式计算技术是区块链技术的基础，它可以实现数据的去中心化存储和可靠的计算；智能合约技术是区块链技术的核心，它可以实现自动执行，大大降低了中介机构的成本，提高了效率。

2017年浙江区块链峰会，汇集了来自世界各地的区块链专家，就区块链技术的发展前景、应用场景及相关技术等话题展开了深入的讨论。区块链技术的发展离不开密码学、分布式计算和智能合约等相关技术的支撑，而应用场景也从金融领域到政府管理，再到智能制造，都可以看到区块链技术的身影。未来，区块链技术将会给我们的生活带来更多的便利，让我们的生活更加安全、高效。

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『一』Blockchain 100——Zhou Kaiyu: Can blockchain credit investigation innovation break industry credit barriers

Mr. Zhou Kaiyu, CEO of Zhenxing Technology

At present, credit reporting has become a key part of the credit system and forms an important support in the operation of the modern financial system. There are certain difficulties and pain points in traditional credit reporting, but the decentralized and non-tamperable characteristics of blockchain will change in one fell swoop the issues of insufficient data privacy protection involved in the credit reporting process and consensus trust issues in the data sharing transaction process.

Mr. Zhou Kaiyu elaborated on the advantages of the combination of blockchain and credit reporting, and described the development status of the blockchain credit reporting industry at the legal level. At the same time, he expressed his views on the future development of Zhenxing Technology and the future direction of blockchain innovation.

Zhenxing Technology is positioned as a blockchain value ecological enterprise and is committed to building the next generation of trusted application service basic network based on blockchain. In June 2017, the company established a stable team structure and carried out related technical matters. From July to August, the first version of Zhenxing’s technical white paper was completed. At present, Zhenxing has implemented the first version of the system and has also started to provide related services in terms of blockchain-based identity verification. In the later stage, further development based on the second version of the credit evaluation system will be carried out.

In terms of ecological construction in the future, Mr. Zhou Kaiyu said that the blockchain credit industry has both value and opportunity. He hopes that industry partners with some high-quality resources on the B-side in the early stage can jointly expand services and eventually achieve A large number of users gather on the C-side, creating an ecological environment for high-credit preference transaction customers. In terms of the company's development plan, Zhenxing will break the inherent thinking of traditional blockchain anonymous verification, build a decentralized strong identity verification basic network, and integrate a trusted Internet service ecosystem.

The original intention of choosing a project that combines credit reporting with blockchain

“Choose blockchain to develop because it has a community-based approach that maintains the stability of the entire system. Consensus reward, consensus reward is a process of social value redistribution. In the process of social value redistribution, a value effect is formed in which the wool comes out of the pig and is paid by a third party. While achieving credit value, it can It is a means to encourage everyone to maintain high credit." Mr. Zhou Kaiyu said.

According to Mr. Zhou Kaiyu, in the traditional credit reporting process, data is processed in a traditional centralized way. The data exists on a centralized platform, but it is difficult to verify the security of user data. The issue of personal privacy data has attracted attention from society, government, enterprises and other levels. Blockchain will form a combination with blockchain through the credit alliance.

At the same time, the Block Hall Chain can combine some personal security mechanisms to achieve comprehensive and strict protection of personal privacy data and complete credit reporting services with authorized attributes. In Zhenxing’s credit reporting service,It combines the advantages of blockchain, uses personal data and individuals themselves, and provides diversified credit reporting services through data services.

What are the advantages of the combination of blockchain and credit reporting?

When it comes to the combination of blockchain and credit reporting, its main core lies in the data level, since credit reporting uses a large amount of user data. In a decentralized system like blockchain, data needs to be maintained jointly by everyone. It is difficult for anyone to change the data. This can clearly ensure the security of user data. Any access to data requires user authorization. occur.

Regarding the current legal status of blockchain credit reporting, Mr. Zhou Kaiyu introduced, “In terms of credit reporting, the country has many management regulations to regulate the processing of customer data by enterprises. Blockchain + reporting In terms of information, it is a very good technical method." In his view, “Blockchain + credit reporting has become the only basic technology that can fully meet all requirements in terms of privacy protection when most technologies cannot meet the needs of credit reporting.”
< br />What are the options for future blockchain innovation directions?

Mr. Zhou Kaiyu said that the development of blockchain is still in an early stage, and there is huge room for future innovation in blockchain. Currently, we are optimistic about the direction of innovation, such as asset digitization. Asset digitization will be a relatively long process, and various applications will continue to emerge during development. In terms of technological innovation, blockchain still has a lot of room, and more attempts are being made in new directions of upgrading and balancing.

Zhenxing hopes to build a value exchange ecology with high performance value, and hopes that under its nourishment, everyone will be happy to maintain their personal credit, and everyone will be able to participate in the credit transaction process. gain from it. The future development of Wuxiaokai will be based on the core concept of maintaining high credibility and combating dishonest people.

『II』 The trend of financial technology, how to pursue trade finance

In recent years, it has become a well-known fact that the wave of technology has changed the financial industry. The application and research of big data, cloud computing, blockchain, artificial intelligence and other technologies in the financial field have become hot spots, further giving rise to the new concept of Financial Technology. Financial technology covers a wider range of areas than Internet finance. Based on Internet technology, it uses more cutting-edge information technologies such as big data, cloud computing, Internet of Things, blockchain, and artificial intelligence, striving to improve financial efficiency through technological breakthroughs, and then To create new value, the main business areas include payment settlement, fund raising, treasury management and technical services.

Since 2017, the trend of financial technology has become more eye-catching. On the one hand, the People's Bank of China has officially established the Fintech Committee, which clarifies the status of Fintech and its role in driving financial innovation and better serving the real economy.On the other hand, the five major banks of Industry, Agriculture, Bank of China, China Construction Bank, and Communications have reached cooperation with the five major Internet companies of China Internet, Alibaba, Tencent, JD.com, and Suning respectively, showing that the banking industry fully attaches importance to the field of financial technology. and prompt follow up.

Relevant experts said that new technologies such as big data, artificial intelligence, and blockchain are becoming increasingly mature and are beginning to be applied in the field of financial services to try to solve the security and trust issues between finance and the real economy. This means that driven by financial technology, a new era is coming in which finance and the real economy will integrate and develop together, and service capabilities and levels will reach a new level.

1. Fintech is forcing banks to change their thinking model: As a basic business of commercial banks, trade finance business undertakes a comprehensive business integrating payment, settlement, deposits, loans, financing, credit guarantees, etc. The service connotation highlights its importance in bank operations with the advantages of strong debt-driven, high-yield output, and low resource consumption. In addition to reducing duplication of work, improving the accuracy of verification, and the convenience of interaction, financial technology can also use comprehensive analysis and application of structured and unstructured data to mine information, relationships, and trends that were previously difficult to detect, and improve data Explore new business opportunities and improve risk prevention and control capabilities based on acquisition, analysis and application capabilities. Therefore, trade finance business also needs to follow the trend, change the model, and use financial technology to improve trade finance service capabilities.

With the development of network technology, banks have accumulated certain skills in using technological means in the field of trade finance. For example, when a bank opens a letter of credit, using currently relatively mature digital technologies such as OCR (Optical Character Recognition) and ICR (Intelligent Character Recognition), the application data can be directly extracted and converted into a letter of credit, replacing tedious manual entry. In March 2017, China Everbright Bank's cross-border e-commerce payment system was officially launched. This system is designed according to the one-stop needs of cross-border e-commerce. It integrates foreign exchange sales, collection and payment, and third-party payment institutions can successfully complete online transactions. It provides diversified operations such as foreign exchange settlement and sale, foreign exchange collection and payment, and provides full-process cross-border payment financial services for cross-border e-commerce payment transactions. The launch of Everbright Bank's cross-border e-commerce payment system has opened up channels for domestic and overseas capital transactions among third-party payment institutions and improved the bank's cross-border financial service system.

2. The banking industry is actively testing the waters of "blockchain + trade finance business": (1) Domestic letters of credit. In July 2017, China Minsheng Bank and China CITIC Bank pioneered the domestic credit system based on blockchain Certificate Information Transmission System (BCLC) (Phase I). This is the first time that the domestic banking industry has applied blockchain technology to the field of letter of credit settlement. It not only shortens the original delivery time of paper letters of credit between banks, but also makes all aspects of the letter of credit more transparent and traceable, avoiding errors and fraud. In September 2017, Suning Bank successfully accessed BCLC. In April 2018, Minsheng Bank Ningbo Branch successfully processed the first blockchain domestic letter of credit business through BCLC, and the first blockchain domestic letter of credit business was completed.The successful trial not only effectively improved the efficiency of issuing certificates, improved customer experience, but also broadened trade finance channels. (2) Forfeiting transaction. In November 2017, China Construction Bank completed the first blockchain forfeiting transaction (Forfeiting, a form of financial financing that includes buying notes or buying out notes), with an amount of nearly 100 million yuan. This is another major breakthrough innovation of China Construction Bank in the field of "blockchain + trade finance" after realizing the application of blockchain technology in the field of domestic letters of credit. Hangzhou United Bank joined the "China Trade Finance Blockchain Alliance" established and initiated by China Construction Bank in September 2017, actively supporting the development of blockchain trade finance. In January 2018, Hangzhou United Bank cooperated with China Construction Bank Zhejiang Branch to complete the country’s first inter-bank blockchain forfaiting transaction. With the help of the trade finance blockchain, the Forfaiting buying bank and selling bank are connected, and through functions such as online matching of transaction inquiry and quotation, online operation of processes, etc., the electronic transaction documents and the visualization of the transaction process are realized, effectively improving the timeliness. , security, and convenience, demonstrating the integration role of blockchain in financial technology, and breaking through the cross-system limitations of blockchain technology. (3) International factoring. In January 2018, China Construction Bank completed its first international factoring blockchain transaction, becoming the first domestic bank to apply blockchain technology to international factoring business and the first implementation in the industry. It has established a “factoring blockchain ecosystem (FablockEco)” that is directly participated by customers, factoring commercial banks and other parties. The application in the factoring field pioneered the simultaneous inclusion of both parties in basic trade into the blockchain, and realized the automatic identification and transfer of qualified accounts receivable through smart contract technology, making the entire transaction visible, traceable, and effective. It solves the operational problems such as cumbersome message transmission and complex rights confirmation process faced in the current development of factoring business, and is of great and positive significance for preventing fraud risks in traditional trade financing and improving customer experience.

3. Improving data capabilities has become the core competitiveness of developing trade finance: Technology is not omnipotent. Due to the inherent complexity of financial risks, financial risks will not disappear due to technological development. And with the rapid entry of non-bank institutions such as Internet giants, financial technology companies, and industry leaders, a new competitive landscape will be created. In addition, it is difficult to predict the risk generation methods, changes in conduction paths, and acceleration of conduction speed that may be caused by the adoption of new technologies. In such a competitive situation, banks must make full use of their own informatization foundation and take advantage of the favorable conditions that corporate customers have already carried out a large number of digital financial management, as well as the integrated data management of procurement, production, sales and finance, to comprehensively promote the development of trade financial services. Digitization. Establish high-quality databases with the help of financial technology, strengthen basic capabilities of stable and precise data analysis, and provide long-process, multi-scenario applications in trade finance services to provide data for accurate forecasting, accurate marketing, accurate innovation, and accurate pricing. support.

『三』Ulord was invited to participate in the 6th China Entrepreneurs Conference Blockchain Technology and ApplicationSummit

On the morning of July 19, the 6th China Entrepreneurs Conference grandly opened at the Zhengzhou International Convention and Exhibition Center. With the theme of "New Economy, New Species, New Drivers", this conference covers more than 20 topics including artificial intelligence, big data, new species, Internet+, Internet of Things, blockchain technology and applications, new energy vehicles, and industrial upgrading and transformation. fields. Tens of thousands of entrepreneurs from inside and outside the province were gathered together to discuss industry information and promote the new development of innovation and entrepreneurship in China.

Dr. Liang Liang, Program Director of Ulord, was invited to attend the conference and attended the 6th China Entrepreneurs Conference Blockchain Technology and Application Summit held in the afternoon, and met with many outstanding blockchain project teams and venture capital institutions to talk about the development of the blockchain industry, and jointly conducted a discussion with the guests present entitled "Risks and opportunities coexist, how to choose when facing new species?" 》 roundtable discussion. From the perspectives of investors and entrepreneurial teams, the guests present explained how to seize the opportunities in this great change brought about by the blockchain, and how to prevent the risks contained in the opportunities.

During the roundtable discussion, Dr. Liang Liang elaborated on the "new opportunities" provided by the Ulord public chain for content creators and communicators, as well as the "new changes" it has brought to the entire content distribution field. Elaborate. Dr. Liang Liang pointed out that, first, Ulord can solve the problem of rights confirmation in the traditional content field and truly realize "creation means rights confirmation"; second, Ulord solves the problem of middlemen making the difference through blockchain technology and returns the difference. To the original value creators, productivity can be better released through the improvement of production relations; thirdly, Ulord realizes the automatic distribution of income through smart contracts. The Ulord development team has rich technology and experience accumulation. At the same time, the first DApp based on Ulord, Youxiang, has opened for registration and will be launched soon. All concepts can be well reflected in Youxiang.

During the summit, the guests and the audience learned more about the Ulord project through the Ulord promotional leaflet uniformly distributed by the conference affairs team. Volunteers from the Ulord Zhengzhou community also rushed to the summit to call Ulord, and accepted consultations from some blockchain enthusiasts at the scene.

Author and Photography: Ulord Zhengzhou Community Huangdou

Related links:

Ulord’s confidence and future - Dr. Liang Liang, Ulord Program Director, attended Zhengzhou Community Meetup

https://www.jianshu.com/p/51b812824ff7

"Yu" meets Ulord to create a better future together.

https://www.jianshu.com/p/fb64d8c7aad3

At 8 o’clock tonight, Ulord CEO Tan Lin will share the event preview online.

https://www.jianshu.com/p/b3efe28f461d

Ulord Zhengzhou Community’s first offline exchange meeting was successfully held

https ://www.jianshu.com/p/d0fefcd5948a

Without the exploitation of middlemen, here is a paradise for content entrepreneurs and content creators

https://www .jianshu.com/p/301c4e00af47

Opportunities of the times, our opportunities - Remembering the Ulord Zhengzhou community offline meeting on June 9

https://www .jianshu.com/p/7c02c6c14761

『四』 Set sail! Learn Token allows you to take off and get in touch with the new trend of blockchain

With the skyrocketing value of a series of digital currencies represented by Bitcoin around 2017, blockchain technology has quickly become a It has become one of the most popular cutting-edge technologies; at the same time, as blockchain technology becomes more and more popular, its application potential outside the field of digital currency issuance and operation has also been deeply explored. In the past two years, in-depth application development in other scientific and technological fields based on blockchain technology has emerged one after another, injecting unprecedented imagination space into the progress of scientific and technological society.

Learn Token (hereinafter referred to as LEARN) was developed by top multinational companies such as Google and Intel. The professional operation team of the Singapore Exchange is responsible for daily operations and management; Blockchain technology innovates the existing IoT technology form, and uses the excellent properties of blockchain technology such as decentralized operation, non-tamperable information, and efficient information circulation to solve a series of pain points faced by traditional IoT technology, and then use "new" things Internet technology is used to reshape today’s digital world.

LEARN will build itself into a global pan-business information management system and trading platform that is widely used in e-commerce, supply chain, logistics, AI development and other industry market conditions. By establishing the technical logic of the underlying blockchain architecture and the intelligent integration of business modelsBy appointment, global product and service suppliers, logistics companies and other intermediate transaction links and consumers are seamlessly connected to create a commodity information exchange and trade system in the blockchain world, leading to the arrival of a new lifestyle, and using LEARN tokens to open up The gap between various aspects of the market solves many pain points in the current commercial market. It is a blockchain project with global application scenarios and a majestic ideal blueprint under the guidance of the latest top-level architectural concepts of blockchain.

On the basis of deep involvement in the consumer market, LEARN will vigorously explore the application potential of blockchain technology in securities, utility tokens, etc., and provide more start-ups across the country and even the world. A good financing and development environment, and unremitting efforts to promote the goal of global economic integration.

The application scenarios of LEARN are very rich, covering all aspects of life such as food, clothing, housing, transportation, food, drink, and entertainment. The launch of LEARN's various payment solutions, life service solutions and public service solutions can penetrate LEARN into all aspects of people's lives. Payment using the LEARN platform is very simple and convenient. Using LEARN Token as the medium and the LEARN ecological transaction system, a safe and fast payment model can be easily realized. By building a bridge between the "real world - the blockchain world - the real world", Application scenarios that are mainly online and supplemented by offline. Online, all merchants can join, and LEARN guarantees that it will always be free, including live broadcasts of Internet celebrities and merchants in various industries. LEARN is used for payment throughout the platform, and merchants are mortgage-free and inventory-free, and all services are provided by the platform; offline, covering various industries such as tourism, entertainment, hotels, and catering. Build application scenarios.

In order to encourage consumers to actively use the LEARN platform for e-commerce consumption and electronic payments, LEARN will provide certain point rewards based on the amount of consumption to consumers who use the official mall. In addition, it will also launch Various small tasks with point rewards further increase the user stickiness of the mall. After the points reach a certain amount, they can be converted into Bitcoins and directly enter the public chain for circulation and appreciation.

LEARN plans to lead a number of member institutions to build a world-class distributed payment system and continuously promote the formation of the blockchain ecosystem. As the world's first and world-leading payment model, LEARN helps solve the security issues of mobile payments and the inefficiency of credit card payments. It also makes unique contributions to the open source and application of blockchain technology in the payment field. . LEARN comprehensively optimizes business security, performance, cost, policy, technical feasibility, operation and maintenance and governance from multiple dimensions based on the industry's special business needs, existing technical levels, laws and regulations, etc., and provides Future development provides opportunities.

Abel Bush

Master of Computer Science from MIT. During his schooling, he won many scholarships at various levels. Directly after graduation, he became the leader of Google's blockchain application development team. He has been committed to the in-depth development and practical promotion of blockchain technology for many years. He is a top engineer in the blockchain field and has led the construction of the underlying architecture of the LEARN platform.

Kevin Louis

Winner of a double degree in computer science and management from the University of California, Berkeley, and director of the Facebook User Security Service Center. Working at Facebook made him fully aware of the importance of data security, and he actively used blockchain applications to achieve safe and efficient transmission of massive data.

Sunny Tommy

Graduated from Stanford University and has extensive experience in developing software, web application idioms and automation, spanning multiple fields and programming languages, and is very interested in learning He has a strong interest in using new technologies and has been responsible for the research and application of blockchain technology in multinational companies such as Google for a long time.

Brynden Tully

Graduated from Oxford University and is a top actuary in the UK. He has provided various types of data consulting services to many economic affairs organizations in the European Union. He currently works for William Hill Asia Pacific. District Technical Director is the most staunch supporter of online gaming and blockchain gaming in the gaming industry. In recent years, he has actively participated in international blockchain research and development and cooperation and can provide LEARN with massive international network resources.

Baier Blomfield

Graduated from Moscow State University, he is a full-scale developer with comprehensive talents and has rich experience in the fields of software development, web application idioms and automation. Across multiple domains and programming languages. He has a strong interest in learning and using new technologies, and tries to apply them to some novel cases. He has also built responsive lookahead applications, APls and other systems.

Strategic Cooperation Unit

『五』In 2016, China ranked first in the world in terms of the number of new blockchain companies

According to reports, blockchain is based on equality and The logic of trust, with features such as decentralization, non-tamperability, and anonymity, attempts to use technology to achieve a secure trust mechanism with "shared trust" instead of "public trust" and has gradually become an important role in the Fintech field.

The report also stated that blockchain technology is open and cannot be tampered with, and has the potential to change financial infrastructure. All types of financial assets can be integrated into blockchain ledgers. , it becomes a digital asset on the chain and is stored, transferred, and traded on the blockchain, making it a promising application in the financial field.

『Lu』 first districtWhere is the Blockchain Application Achievement Experience Exhibition held

GBS Global Blockchain Summit Forum and the first Blockchain Application Achievements Experience Exhibition ended on the evening of June 24, 2018 in Manila, Philippines.

More than 100 media around the world reported on this summit, which was broadcast live to over hundreds of millions of audiences in China, Southeast Asia, Europe and the United States through video, Internet, graphics and text.

Content source: China News Service

『撒』 How does the distributed cognitive industrial Internet platform empower the digital transformation of enterprises

The summit will further explore the role of blockchain in After integrating and innovating with other digital technologies, how to create a trusted digital base to protect data privacy, mine data value, and empower and accelerate the digital transformation of various industries.

Before the start of the summit, the team of Chief Blockchain Economist Zou Chuanwei wrote a series of industry research reports focusing on the issue of "How does blockchain enable digital transformation" to provide an in-depth interpretation of the new infrastructure and digital migration. In this context, how can blockchain be integrated and developed with other technologies to play its due role as information infrastructure.

Author of this article: Wang Puyu Proofreader: Zou Chuanwei

According to the information given by Beijing Guoxin Digital Transformation Technology Research Institute (Guoxin Institute) and Zhongguancun Information Technology and Real Economy Integrated Development Alliance (CITIC Alliance) By definition, digital transformation is to comply with the new round of technological revolution and industrial transformation trends, continuously deepen the application of new generation information technologies such as cloud computing, big data, Internet of Things, artificial intelligence, and blockchain, stimulate the innovation-driving potential of data elements, and create improved information The ability to survive and develop in the times, accelerate business optimization and upgrading and innovative transformation, transform and upgrade traditional driving forces, cultivate and develop new driving forces, create, deliver and obtain new value, and realize the process of transformation, upgrading and innovative development. Focusing on digital transformation, this article will discuss the following three questions: First, from the enterprise level, why digital transformation? Second, what role does the industrial Internet platform play in digital transformation? Third, what can the distributed cognitive industrial Internet provide in the digital transformation of enterprises?

1

Digital Transformation Development

In the fierce market competition, companies need to rely on product quality, price, service and long-term accumulated brand image to maintain the market Competitiveness, but with the rise in labor costs caused by the disappearance of my country's demographic dividend, as well as the uncertainty of the international trade situation and the obstruction of market development caused by the impact of the epidemic, the original competitive advantages of enterprises are disappearing, especially the industrial enterprises at the bottom of the value chain. Adding insult to injury. How to get out of trouble? At present, we mainly break the ice in two aspects. The first is to reduce operating costs and continue to maintain price advantages; the second is to expand market sales through innovative business models to increase profits.

Before discussing operating costs, we introduce two groups of concepts. The first group is the supply chain model: supply push and demand pull; the second group is the four major profit sources.

1. Supply chain model

The supply-push model means that companies design, produce and sell products based on market forecast data;

The demand-pull model means that Enterprises respond quickly as needed based on market orders, and meet product production and supply through efficient planning, organization, coordination and control.

2. Four major profit sources

The market is always pursuing lower prices and higher quality. In terms of price control, as shown in Table 1, it has mainly gone through four stages: The first stage mainly obtains profits by controlling raw material costs and expanding scale effects. When the first profit source reaches the upper limit, the second profit source starts, improving work efficiency within the enterprise through lean management and extending employees' working hours to reduce labor costs. When the new profit source once again reached the upper limit, people found that logistics costs accounted for 30% of the company's total operating costs. Therefore, reducing logistics costs became the third profit source.

Table 1 Comparison of the four major profit sources

The first three profit sources are all centered on the company's internal cost control to increase revenue. However, when the company's internal operating cost savings reach the upper limit, people pay attention to to the operation and management issues of upstream suppliers and downstream customers. Before a fully functional product enters the market, it requires the cooperation of multiple companies in the supply chain. The high operating costs of any one of these companies will lead to an increase in the price of the final product, which will make the product lose its competitiveness in the fierce market competition. . So a new wave of cost reduction began around supply chain information integration and information sharing, which is called the fourth source of profit.

As shown in Table 1, from the first to the fourth profit source, each stage is supported by various systems in information processing, storage and management, such as production execution management system MES, enterprise resources Management ERP, warehouse management system WMS, supply chain management system SCM, etc.

After experiencing four profit sources, where will the new profit sources be in the future? Governments, enterprises, and research institutions are all trying to find answers. For example, Professor Hao Hao of Shanghai Second Polytechnic University proposed reverse logistics as the fifth source of profit in 2015, realizing product resale, reuse, recycling and remanufacturing through reverse logistics. full life cycle management. Some companies also believe that demand-pull-oriented personalized customization will become the fifth source of profit. The above statements are all reasonable, but they are not accurate. This article believes that the real fifth source of profit is already on the way, that is, the digital transformation of enterprises. In the past decade or so, the rapid development of technology has spawned a large number of new business models, including new retail, live streaming, community group buying, etc. However, the upstream industrial sector still maintains the traditional operating model. Whether it is the development of reverse logistics that drives the global Both life cycle closed-loop management and C2M customized business models rely on rapid response in all aspects and place high demands on enterprise digital management. Therefore, whether it is the need of enterprises to explore new profit sources,It is still the demand from the market, and the digital transformation of industrial enterprises is imperative.

Different from the independence of the first four profit sources, the fifth profit source is the application of new technologies to re-give the first, second, third and fourth profit sources a new life, and at the same time it is an innovative business model driven by data. will appear in large numbers. Therefore, the fifth profit source can not only reduce operating costs, but also improve active profitability.

2

The value of industrial Internet platform

1. The first source of profit of industrial Internet platform

The integration of IT and OT, Real-time collection and transmission of data on people, machines, objects, materials, methods, and environment, enabling real-time monitoring of the production process, and then applying AI, big data analysis and other technologies to achieve automated intelligent inspection, intelligent quality inspection, and intelligent fault prediction , intelligent parameter tuning, intelligent energy consumption optimization, intelligent equipment operation and maintenance, intelligent inventory, etc., can improve production efficiency, reduce costs, and upgrade from stand-alone intelligence to system intelligence.

2. The second source of profit of the industrial Internet platform

The management of traditional manufacturing has always revolved around people. The process of products from 0 to 1 is difficult or inefficient to achieve by relying on manpower. The work can be replaced by mechanical equipment. After the influence of the industrial revolution and the information age, a large number of labor-saving mechanical equipment and operating systems (MRP, MRPII, MES, etc.) have appeared, which have improved production efficiency and reduced production costs. With the development of information technology, although there are lagging data that can be used as a reference, its essence still revolves around human experience and human on-site operations. The industrial Internet can give a new role to the second profit source, freeing people from operational management to perform tasks, such as quality inspection, troubleshooting and other tasks, to achieve intelligent management of operations through AI and big data analysis. After the number of executives is reduced, the company needs more innovators to make the company's innovation and development iterate faster. Secondly, as people's experience is accumulated, it is converted into a knowledge graph, which visualizes the experience and knowledge domain and guides the iteration and decision-making of artificial intelligence algorithms.

3. The third profit source of the Industrial Internet

In the field of Industrial Internet of Things, logistics development is relatively advanced, and has experienced manual logistics, mechanical logistics, automated logistics, and now intelligent logistics. Logistics, logistics management efficiency and costs have been greatly improved. For example, transportation management, from the early days when cargo transportation monitoring data relied on data return and summary at the transportation vehicle's anchor point, now it can use GPS, RFID, and various sensors to grasp the temperature, humidity, geographical location, and number of pieces of goods in transit in real time. Information can be used to plan transportation routes based on transportation destinations and real-time traffic congestion conditions. Affected by technology, capital and other aspects, smart logistics is currently developing rapidly mainly in third-party logistics companies and e-commerce companies, while the logistics development of industrial companies is relatively slow, and most of them are still in the stage of mechanical logistics and automated logistics. Industrial Internet PlatformIt can help industrial enterprises achieve rapid upgrade and transformation, and reduce the technical difficulty and cost of system development. IaaS, PaaS, SaaS and other platforms can reduce the system development time from 0 to 1 and achieve rapid and low-cost digital transformation and upgrade.

4. The fourth profit source of the Industrial Internet

Supply chain integration can improve enterprise cooperation, reduce supply chain costs and inventory bullwhip effect to a certain extent [1], but regardless of the enterprise Whether it is an internal supply chain or a social supply chain, there is still a problem that chokes multi-party collaboration, that is, the data island problem. Earlier we introduced the first to fourth profit sources and mentioned MRP, MRPII, ERP, SAP, MES, SCM and other systems. Each system is like an isolated data chimney, which has a great impact on collaboration efficiency. There are two main reasons: first, the cost of existing EDI data island opening solutions is high and difficult for small and medium-sized enterprises to afford; second, when it comes to multi-party collaboration between supply and demand, there is a lack of trust and reluctance to share internal enterprise data with the outside world. The industrial Internet platform provides a variety of data collection and processing solutions to break data silos and achieve unimpeded data flow. In the use of data, privacy calculation is used to ensure data security, and at the same time, reasonable authorization is made to make the data available and invisible, and solve the worries of data sharing.

5. The fifth profit source of the industrial Internet platform

In the digitalization 1.0 stage, it is a human-adaptive system; and in the digitalization 2.0 stage, it is customized software that adapts to the company's existing operating model will play a vital role.

Figure 1: Comparison between the 1.0 and 2.0 stages of digital transformation

Therefore, from a technical perspective, how the platform allows companies to quickly and efficiently complete the development of customized software will have a great impact on the industry. Enterprise digital transformation plays a very important role. Judging from the existing products in the market, including infrastructure as a service IaaS, platform as a service PaaS and software as a service SaaS, industrial enterprises can easily use the platform provider's ready-made low-code or even zero-code tools to complete system development and realize "human "Everyone can be a developer", which solves the problem of "technical personnel do not understand business, business personnel do not understand technology, and the developed system is not easy to use". In the future, low-code (or zero-code) development tools will be like word, excel and other office software. The platform will make various interfaces into graphical interfaces, allowing people who do not understand code development to develop the software they need by dragging icons to reduce the cost of low-code development. Efficient repetitive work. Employees have changed from passive executors to innovators, participating in top-to-bottom digital reforms, and using tools to truly facilitate the work of business personnel.

Three

Distributed cognitive industrial Internet based on blockchain technology

The social economy is divided into two fields: production and circulation, and the centralized industrial Internet platform Using digital technology to replace information technology solves the problem of productionThe distributed cognitive industrial Internet based on blockchain technology solves the problem of data trust in the circulation field, but data in the circulation field will affect product research and development, product quality management, etc. in the production field.

1. Reduce the cost of trust

Business models are moving from unilateral (scale effect) to bilateral (network effect), and into multilateral platforms (ecological effect) after entering the digital era. The centralized approach also seems to be able to solve the trust problem, but trust in the centralized model mainly relies on the endorsement of a third-party authoritative organization, which is costly and inefficient. For example, when buyers and sellers in international trade do not trust each other, letter of credit services are used to solve payment problems through bank endorsement; in order to meet bank requirements, both parties need to provide a large number of certificates to meet the terms of the letter of credit, which is very inefficient and costly. However, if blockchain technology is used, the real data will be chained from the source to ensure that the data is safe, trustworthy and cannot be tampered with. Before the transaction, the buyer and the seller have each other's real transaction records in the past, as well as product production information. Will this information help reduce the cost of transaction matching? During the transaction process, through the application of smart contracts, payment can be automatically completed once an agreement is reached, which will greatly reduce transaction costs and transaction time. Especially when entering multilateral platforms, if the centralized credit certification system is still used, it will be impossible to build trust, the moat for ecological construction.

2. Redefine collaboration relationships

In multi-party cooperation in the supply chain, centralized consensus mechanisms and governance solutions are more reflected at the contract level, but they cannot truly bind each other's interests. It is difficult to promote healthy ecological development. However, in decentralized solutions, participants place assets on the chain in the form of tokens or points, technically binding the interests of multiple parties. Once any party makes a behavior that is detrimental to ecological construction, the tokens or points will be affected. value, which will affect the interests of all participants in the alliance chain. In the distributed cognitive industrial Internet platform, each participant in the alliance will actively safeguard ecological interests, because this is equivalent to safeguarding their own interests.

3. Trusted data circulation

In product development or product life cycle management, circulation data requires industrial enterprises to obtain it from multiple downstream partners. However, it is difficult to ensure data authenticity and security under traditional technology. In the distributed cognitive industrial Internet, privacy computing can make multi-party data available and invisible, ensuring data security and compliance. In addition, partners will be rewarded with tokens or points based on their data contribution to encourage multi-party data sharing and circulation. In the future, more compliant forms may appear in the data trading market, such as data trusts, data banks and other models based on blockchain technology.

4. Ensure data security

Under the traditional model, industrial enterprises rely on physical isolation to isolate factory data from the outside world. However, under the integration of OT and ITThe physical isolation barrier has been broken, and how to ensure the security of data after it leaves the local area requires the joint efforts of many parties. In device communication, device identity authentication management needs to be done to prevent data from being attacked. The distributed cognitive industrial Internet platform achieves anonymous management through device public and private keys, effectively reducing the risk of attacks. In data storage, using distributed storage technology, even a single point attack cannot allow the attacker to obtain complete data.

5. Empower business model innovation

Trusted data will open a new era of business model innovation, and the business role of each organization may change. Under the traditional business model (supply-driven model), information is very fragmented. Different participants in the supply chain all have fragmented data related to some products. It is difficult to achieve optimal results using these incomplete data for product upgrades and customer services. Purpose. However, with the development of technology today, the market has begun to explore the needs of each consumer based on consumption habits, consumption characteristics and other factors, and the manufacturing method has also entered the C2M era from M2C, which requires more complete, credible and compliant data, such as , Not everyone in electric vehicles needs a battery with a range of 1,000km. Through blockchain technology, users authorize driving data to the electric vehicle company to configure the most suitable and cost-effective battery for them. For another example, car insurance no longer uses vehicle value, number of accidents, etc. as the single indicator for collecting insurance premiums. In the future, insurance premiums may be collected based on trusted mileage data. In addition to changes in business models, the business role of each organization may also change. The role of electric vehicle manufacturers will also change from manufacturer to service provider. Take NIO as an example of the car-electricity separation model, leasing and selling. Models allow automobile manufacturers to extend their business to the management of the entire product life cycle. These model innovations are just the beginning of the digital era.

『8』The first village of blockchain, another good manifestation of the bubble in the currency circle

February 16, 2019, the 12th day of the first lunar month, many people are still there Celebrating Spring Festival in my hometown. Bitcoin China founder Yang Linke posted a photo of his hometown, Ledong Village, on Weibo: The stone tablets on both sides of the Wanglou River in Ledong Village are engraved with information on dozens of currencies, including BTC. Ledong Village is known as the first village in blockchain.

As early as January 12, 2018, Yang Linke publicly revealed at a large summit that he would build a blockchain industrial village (also known as Ledong Village, Beibaixiang Town, Yueqing, Wenzhou, his hometown Bit Village). His reason is simple: "When the Internet emerged, there was Zhongguancun. When Taobao emerged, there was Taobao Village. Now that we have entered the blockchain era, we need to have a blockchain industrial village."

Yang Linke is here Murakami is very attentive to the construction of Bit. He personally participated in symposiums, development plans, on-site construction, and investment promotion. On February 23, 2018, villagers of Ledong Village participated in the "Blockchain Symposium" in the classroom of Ledong Primary School. The villagers who participated in the "Ledong Blockchain Forum" that day includedNearly a hundred people, including Yang Linke, also participated.

The Blockchain Industrial Village is a public welfare project. For this reason, Yang Linke also posted a message in the circle of friends to call on friends in the blockchain circle to invest. Blockchain Village, of course, uses the currency circle method to invest, and he also posted the addresses of BTC, ETH and BCD. According to the list of donors presented by Yang Linke, there are many well-known projects and founders, including Bao Erye, Chu Xia Hu, Zhu Huaiyang, etc.

As for the direction of the blockchain industrial village, the "Ledong Blockchain Industrial Village Development Plan" says this: first, popularize blockchain industry knowledge; second, provide services for the global region Blockchain projects provide a display window; third, carry out targeted poverty alleviation through blockchain to drive local economic development.

I think there is still a big gap between Ledong Village and Zhongguancun and Taobao Village. In Zhongguancun and Taobao Village, villagers rely on related industries to make a living and are engaged in related industries. At present, the things related to blockchain in Ledong Village are just displays of some digital currencies. As an emerging industry that puts technology first, the blockchain industry has a huge education cost, which is difficult for many highly educated talents to understand. As a poor village, the quality of villagers in Ledong Village is generally low, and it is difficult for them to understand the blockchain industry, let alone make a living on the blockchain. Therefore, I think it is too early to call Ledong Village a blockchain industrial village.

This is very similar to the current currency circle. Many project developers don’t have any real knowledge. They throw out a concept casually, buy a white paper on Taobao under the guise of blockchain, and start publicizing it openly, harvesting people’s IQ tax.

However, I firmly believe that blockchain is definitely the future, and bubbles are the only way to go. Only bubbles can attract some people to participate in the early stage. With the continuous development of blockchain technology and the improvement of user experience, a real blockchain industrial village will definitely appear.