区块链实现技术突破的有效途径,区块链实现技术突破的有哪些方法
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❶ What are blockchain technologies?
The concept of blockchain can be said to be very popular. At the Internet Finance Summit, no one said that blockchain technology is out .What is blockchain technology?
Blockchain technology can be either a public classification (anyone can see it) or a permissioned network (only permissioned people can see it), solving supply chain challenges. Because it is An immutable record, so it is shared among network participants and updated in real time.
Blockchain technology - data layer: Designing the data structure of the account book
Core technology 1. Block_ _;Chain:
Technically, a block is a data structure that records transactions, reflecting the capital flow of the transaction. The transaction blocks that have been reached in the system are connected to form the main chain, and all nodes participating in the calculation are It records the main chain or a part of the main chain.
Each block is composed of a block header and a block body. The block body is only responsible for recording all transaction information in the previous period, mainly including transaction quantity and transaction details. The block header includes The current version number, the previous block address, the timestamp (recording the time when the block was generated, accurate to the second), the random number (recording the answer value to the mathematical question related to decrypting the block), the target hash value of the current block, and the Merkle number Information such as the root value of the source mill. From a structural point of view, most functions of the blockchain are implemented by the block header.
Core technology 2. Hash function:
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The hash function can convert data of any length from the Hash algorithm to a fixed-length code. The principle is a one-way hash function based on cryptography. This function is easy to verify, but difficult to interpret. The industry usually uses y =hash(x) means that this hash function realizes the hash value y of computing x.
Commonly used hash algorithms include MD5, SHA-1, SHA-256, SHA-384, SHA-512, etc. Taking the SHA256 algorithm as an example, input any data into SHA256 and you will get a 256-bit Hash value (hash value). Its characteristics: the same data input will get the same result. The input data changes a little (for example, 1 becomes 0) will get completely different results. The result is that the forward calculation (the Hash value corresponding to the data calculation) is very simple. The reverse calculation is extremely difficult and is considered impossible under the current scientific and technological conditions.
Core technology 3. Merkle tree:
Merkle tree is a hash binary tree that can quickly verify the integrity of large-scale data. In the blockchain network, Merkle_黄髂jumimiofuzhenglu The weapon is the gray boy's side_the Zhang is inciting the firewood boy's bank⒌The resistance is still V's burden and the oar is fishy Wei is the gray boy's bank⒌The plan is to seek out the Ji's plan_erkle Trees.
Core technology 4. Asymmetric encryption algorithm:
Asymmetric encryption algorithm is a key confidentiality method that requires a key and a key. The public key and the private key are a pair. If you use the public key to encrypt data, you can only use the corresponding private key. Decrypt and obtain the corresponding data value, if you use a private key to sign data, you can only use the corresponding public key to verify the signature. The sender of the verification information is the owner of the private key.
Since encryption and decryption use two different keys, the The algorithm is called an asymmetric encryption algorithm, while symmetric encryption uses the same key in the encryption and decryption processes.
Blockchain mitigation technology - network layer: achieving centralization of charging nodes
< p>Core technology 5, P2P network:P2P network (peer-to-peer network), also known as point-to-point technology, is an Internet system without a central server and user groups exchanging information. It is different from a central network system with a central server Different, each client of the peer-to-peer network is a node and also has the function of a server. Domestic Xunlei software uses P2P technology. The P2P network has the characteristics of centralization and reinforcement.
Blockchain technology-consensus layer: Allocate the task load of charging nodes
❷ What are the technological innovations and applications of blockchain
1. Blockchain system
As the bottom layer of Bitcoin Technology, blockchain systems generally consist of data layer, network layer, consensus layer, incentive layer, contract layer and application layer.
1. Data layer
The data layer encapsulates basic data and basic algorithms such as underlying data blocks and related data encryption and timestamps. It mainly describes the physics of the blockchain. The form is the chain structure on the blockchain starting from the genesis block. It includes the block data and chain structure of the blockchain, as well as the random numbers, timestamps, public and private key data on the blocks, etc. It is the underlying data structure in the entire blockchain technology.
2. Network layer
The network layer mainly implements distributed network mechanisms through P2P technology, including P2P networking mechanisms, data dissemination mechanisms and data verification mechanisms. Therefore, in essence, the blockchain is a P2P network with an automatic networking mechanism, and nodes maintain communication by maintaining a common blockchain structure.
3. Consensus layer
The consensus layer includes consensus algorithms and consensus mechanisms. The consensus layer allows highly dispersed nodes to efficiently reach consensus on the validity of block data in a decentralized blockchain network. It is one of the core technologies of the blockchain and is also the governance mechanism of the blockchain community. There are currently dozens of consensus mechanism algorithms, including proof of work, proof of equity, proof of equity authorization, proof of burning, proof of importance, etc.
4. Incentive layer
The incentive layer mainly includes the issuance system and distribution system of economic incentives. Its function is to provide certain incentives to encourage nodes to participate in the security of the blockchain. Verification work, and incorporating economic factors into the blockchain technology system, incentivizing nodes that abide by the rules to participate in accounting, and punishing nodes that do not abide by the rules.
5. Contract layer
The contract layer mainly includes scripts, codes, algorithm mechanisms and smart contracts, and is the basis for blockchain programmability. It embeds code into the blockchain or token, and can implement customized smart contracts. When certain constraints are reached, it can be automatically executed without going through a third party, which is the basis for trustless blockchains.
6. Application layer
The application layer encapsulates various application scenarios and cases, similar to applications on computer operating systems, portals on Internet browsers, search Engine, e-mall or APP on mobile phone. It deploys blockchain technology applications on Ethereum, EOS, QTUM, etc., and implements them in real life scenarios. In the future, programmable finance and programmable society will be built on the application layer.
The data layer, network layer and consensus layer are necessary elements to build blockchain technology. Without any layer, it cannot be called blockchain technology in the true sense; the incentive layer, contract layer and The application layer is not a necessary factor for every blockchain application, and some blockchain applications do not completely include this three-layer structure.
From a business perspective, blockchain technology has its own characteristics, that is, it is sufficiently digital, it is cross-border, cross-time and space, and cross-organization. The flow of data has no boundaries, so the blockchain is distributed at the same time, it is self-organized and decentralized.
So the origin of blockchain and the application of any new disruptive technology have always had two routes, or two methods. One way is to regard it as a tool and use it to improve the traditional business model and obtain an improvement in marginal benefits. The other is to treat it as a system to reconstruct the underlying logic of business.
There is a good example of these two application methods in the past few years. When Internet companies are promoting "Internet+", we also see many traditional business organizations saying that it is not "Internet+", but "+Internet". So where are those people who shout "+Internet" now? Some people think that the Internet is just a technology used to improve traditional things, and some Internet technologies can be added to traditional things. For example, if you use the Internet as email, you build an email system and think it is the Internet. But some people treat the Internet as a system and reconstruct the business from the bottom up. In the end, you will find that you are unemployed.
The second is decentralization. Why go to the center? Regional center technology in business has brought about business decentralization, which is an inevitable trend in history. Where is this trend? I think there are two points. One is economic globalization and entering version 2.0. Now through the Internet, it is no longer the company that is globalizing, nor the company turning itself into a multinational company, but the Internet is empowering any individual, so that it can sell its products through the Internet in a small county in China. worldwide. Economic globalization developsWhen personal globalization develops, solving point-to-point transactions and point-to-point services has become a prominent issue. Then the real-time clearing and settlement and point-to-point transaction settlement brought by blockchain technology can just help the globalization of personal business activities.
The third is the digitalization of the economy. When data is collected to a certain extent, its circulation is basically across time and space. The demand for financial payments from commercial activities is carried with them anytime and anywhere, but it is impossible to provide scenario-based and virtualized payment settlement anytime, anywhere and on demand. Services will eventually be eliminated by technology and the market.
#BTC[超话]# #digital currency# #OUYiOKEx#
❸ What are the domestic blockchain technology applications
domestic areas What are the applications of blockchain technology?
Answer:
The application fields of blockchain include digital currency, certificates, finance, anti-counterfeiting and traceability, privacy protection, supply chain, entertainment, etc.
❹ What kind of problems does blockchain technology solve?
The most important thing about blockchain is that it solves the intermediary credit problem. In the past, it was difficult for two people who did not know and trust each other to achieve collaboration, and they had to rely on a third party. For example, in payment behavior, any kind of transfer in the past required the existence of an institution such as a bank or Alipay. However, through blockchain technology, Bitcoin is the first time that humans have realized the transfer behavior that both parties can trust without the participation of any intermediary agency. This is a major breakthrough for blockchain. There are many products and applications developed based on blockchain technology. LIFECHAIN is a medical and nursing company based on blockchain technology. You can learn about it.
❺ Blockchain technology will change these 18 major industries in the future
Blockchain technology will change these 18 major industries in the future
Since the birth of the Internet, the cost of information dissemination has been extremely high The efficiency of information dissemination has been greatly improved, and social productivity has been liberated as never before. It is no exaggeration to say that the Internet has changed the entire pattern of human society.
However, while enjoying the many conveniences brought by the Internet, we have to admit that the Internet still has many flaws, especially in terms of security and mutual trust. The birth of blockchain technology has brought a new dawn to solve the problems existing in the Internet society.
Because blockchain technology is open and transparent, difficult to tamper with, and does not rely on intermediaries, blockchain can achieve safe, efficient, and low-cost value transmission. People are expected to build an Internet for value transmission based on blockchain to further promote the liberation of social productivity.
At the same time, just as "every new technology appears will change or even subvert many industries," in the future blockchain will change these 18 major industries!
1. Banking Industry
The application of blockchain technology in the financial field will change the transaction process and record keeping methods, significantly reduce transaction costs, and significantly improve efficiency.
2. Cybersecurity
Although blockchain is not a panacea to fix all Internet problems, it can be a powerful tool for experts and engineers, especially systems with single points of failure and centralized vulnerabilities.
3. Supply chain management
The supply chain is a complex functional network chain structure composed of suppliers, manufacturers, distributors, retailers, and users. In this chain, capital flow, information flow, and physical flow operate interactively, making coordination extremely difficult. The traditional coordination mechanism that relies on a single "chain owner" has encountered bottlenecks. The "decentralized" model of blockchain provides rich imagination for solving this problem.
4. Prediction field
The prediction market needs a platform that is decentralized, open and transparent, and more adaptable to global user participation to change the status quo, and this naturally matches the characteristics of the blockchain. Whether from sports betting to stocks to elections, these technologies allow for decentralized betting and observation.
5. Network and Internet of Things
The idea of applying blockchain technology to the Internet of Things (IoT) has been around for some time. In fact, blockchain technology looks to be a suitable solution for at least three aspects of IoT: big data management, security and transparency, and micro-transactions based on the exchange of services between interconnected smart devices. Comes in convenience.
6. Insurance industry
The power of technology is making the insurance industry return to its essence: linking objects, regaining trust, and sharing. In other words, the law of large numbers in the traditional insurance industry may encounter more uncertainties and create new possibilities due to technology, technology, and links.
7. Sharing Economy
Blockchain is inherently decentralized, which is highly consistent with the purpose of the sharing economy. The "Tencent Blockchain Solution White Paper" shows that Tencent is applying smart contracts to bicycle rental, house sharing and other fields. If this smart contract is applied to today's popular bicycle sharing field, it may bring new changes to the entire industry.
8. Cloud Storage
Blockchain technology can support distributed storage of encrypted data and is the core of collaborative cloud storage.
9. Charity industry
For charity, the openness and transparency brought by blockchain technology can ensure that donors can clearly understand the flow of their funds and can query it; the non-tampering feature can also ensure that financial Information cannot be tampered with; anonymity also protects donor privacy.
10. Voting
Blockchain technology can be applied to voter registration, identity confirmation, and electronic statistics to ensure that only legitimate votes are recorded and that votes will not be tampered with or removed. Create an immutable, publicly visible ledger of voting records to make elections fairer and more democratic.
11. Government Management
Government services are one of the most direct and significant application areas of blockchain technology. Information exchange across agencies will effectively improve government efficiency.
12.Public Welfare Industry
Internet culture itself has the genes of equality, openness, and mutual assistance, which is very consistent with the characteristics of public welfare.
13. Medical industry
The medical industry currently still relies on old systems and lacks ways to store data securely. Blockchain can be widely used in medical and health information sharing, medical process transparency, and medical accident liability traceability.
14. Energy Management
In order for the Energy Internet to be successfully implemented, various information interactions, smart grid control and scheduling, and coordinated control of distributed power sources are all obstacles that must be overcome, and blockchain Technology is trying to solve these problems.
15. Music Copyright
The importance of music copyright is self-evident to online music platforms. Having more copyrights means that it can capture more users, and the platform can therefore obtain better Development opportunities.
16. Retail industry
When we shop, we need to trust the store’s retail system. Decentralized blockchain can make retail different, as buyers and sellers can connect directly without middlemen and fees.
17. Real Estate Industry
Blockchain technology can change the way the real estate market operates. It can merge many complex processes and cases that real estate companies usually deal with, speed up transaction processes, reduce fraud, and provide benefits for everyone. Participants provide more transparent and secure transactions.
18. Your industry
If your industry deals with data or any trading system, it is very likely to be changed by blockchain. This is an open field full of opportunities.
Of course, as an emerging technology, the application of blockchain still faces many challenges. More blockchain technology companies like Matrix are needed to overcome the difficulties in practical application of blockchain and promote blockchain technology. The widespread application and development of chains.
❻ What are the three core technologies of blockchain
Introduction to the 7 core technologies of blockchain operation 2018-01-15
1. Blockchain Link
As the name suggests, blockchain is a chain composed of blocks. Each block is divided into two parts: block header and block body (including transaction data). The block header includes the hash (PrevHash) value (also known as the hash value) of the previous block used to implement the block link and the random number (nonce) used to calculate the mining difficulty. The hash value of the previous block is actually the hash value of the header of the previous block, and the rules for calculating random numbers determine which miner can obtain the power to record the block.
2. Consensus Mechanism
Blockchain was born with Bitcoin and is the basic technical architecture of Bitcoin. Blockchain can be understood as a decentralized accounting system based on the Internet. Decentralized digital currency systems like Bitcoin require blockchain to ensure the consistency of accounting by honest nodes without a central node. Therefore, the core of blockchain technology is that without central control,A consensus mechanism that reaches consensus on the legality of transactions among individuals who have no basis for trust in each other.
There are currently four main categories of blockchain consensus mechanisms: PoW, PoS, DPoS, and distributed consensus algorithms.
3. Unlocking script
Script is an important technology for automatic verification and automatic execution of contracts on the blockchain. Each output of each transaction does not strictly point to an address, but to a script. A script is like a set of rules that govern how the recipient can spend the assets locked on this output.
The legality verification of transactions also relies on scripts. Currently it relies on two types of scripts: locking scripts and unlocking scripts. The locking script is a condition added to the output transaction, implemented through a script language, and is located at the output of the transaction. The unlocking script corresponds to the locking script. Only if the conditions required by the locking script are met, the corresponding assets on this script can be spent, which is located at the input of the transaction. Many flexible conditions can be expressed through scripting languages. The interpretation script is similar to a "virtual machine" in our programming field, which is distributed and runs on every node in the blockchain network.
4. Transaction Rules
Blockchain transactions are the basic units that constitute blocks, and are also the actual effective content that the blockchain is responsible for recording. A blockchain transaction can be a transfer or other transactions such as the deployment of smart contracts.
In the case of Bitcoin, a transaction refers to a payment transfer. The transaction rules are as follows:
1) The input and output of the transaction cannot be empty.
2) For each input of the transaction, if its corresponding UTXO output can be found in the current transaction pool, the transaction will be rejected. Because the current transaction pool is a transaction that has not been recorded in the blockchain, and each input of the transaction should come from a confirmed UTXO. If found in the current transaction pool, it is a double spend transaction.
3) For each input in the transaction, its corresponding output must be UTXO.
4) Each input unlocking script (unlocking) must work with the corresponding output locking script (locking) to verify the compliance of the transaction.
5. Transaction priority
The priority of blockchain transactions is determined by the blockchain protocol rules. For Bitcoin, the priority of a transaction being included in a block is determined by the time it takes for the transaction to be broadcast to the network and the size of the transaction. As the time it takes for a transaction to be broadcast to the network increases and the chain age of the transaction increases, the priority of the transaction is increased and will eventually be included in the block. For Ethereum, the priority of a transaction is also related to the transaction fee that the publisher of the transaction is willing to pay. The higher the transaction fee that the publisher is willing to pay, the higher the priority of the transaction being included in the block.
6.Merkle proof
The original application of Merkle proof is the Bitcoin system (Bitcoin), which was described and created by Satoshi Nakamoto in 2009. BitcoinThe blockchain uses Merkle proofs to store transactions in every block. This makes the transaction unable to be tampered with and makes it easy to verify whether the transaction is included in a specific block.
7.RLP
RLP (Recursive Length Prefix, recursive length prefix encoding) is a main encoding method for object serialization in Ethereum. Its purpose is to encode any nested sequence of binary data.
❼ What kind of problems can blockchain technology solve?
What kind of problems can blockchain technology solve? Blockchain technology can solve the trust problem at a relatively lower cost, which plays an important role in reducing the burden of the real economy and reducing transaction costs, which is now emphasized, and has great social value. At the same time, there is still a need for continuous exploration of the blockchain technology itself. It is believed that independent controllable intellectual property rights and patents can be integrated with this technology in the future.
In the future, Jinwowo will focus on promoting the legal circulation and commercial application of big data using blockchain technology.
Jinwowo analyzes the problems that blockchain technology can solve as follows:
The most important thing about blockchain is that it solves the problem of intermediary credit. In the past, it was difficult for two people who did not know and trust each other to achieve collaboration, and they had to rely on a third party.
For example, in payment behavior, any kind of transfer in the past required the existence of an institution such as a bank or Alipay.
However, through blockchain technology, it is the first time that humans have achieved a transfer behavior that both parties can trust without the participation of any intermediary agency. This is a major breakthrough for blockchain.
Analysis by Chongqing Jinwowo: The most important thing about blockchain is that it solves the problem of intermediary credit.
In the past, it was difficult for two people who did not know and trust each other to achieve collaboration, and they had to rely on a third party.
Chongqing Jinwowo analyzes the problems solved by the application of blockchain technology as follows:
The most important thing about blockchain is that it solves the problem of intermediary credit. In the past, two people who did not know and trust each other had to reach an agreement. Collaboration is difficult and requires a third party.
Through blockchain technology, it is possible to complete behaviors in which both parties can trust each other without the participation of any intermediary agency. This is the problem solved by disintermediation (decentralization) in blockchain technology.
Blockchain solves the problem of trust, which is the root of all problems.
WaykiChain is a smart contract platform that supports Turing completeness. WaykiChain adopts the dpos consensus mechanism, with a total of 11 voting nodes, which generate a new block every 10 seconds. Maintained through smart contractsThe base chain can realize rich application scenarios such as asset issuance, betting applications, copyright traceability, mutual insurance, decentralized exchanges, and cross-border settlement.
But the most important thing in these scenarios is trust and openness and transparency.
What problems can blockchain technology solve?
Based on mechanisms such as distributed accounting, collective contracts and intelligent consensus, blockchain technology presents information processing characteristics such as decentralization, open sharing, authenticity and reliability, which has attracted increasing attention and attention in the financial field, especially in the Internet financial field. Research applications. There are many blockchain system development companies. Blockchain technology development companies like Renren Chain are relatively reliable. You can refer to blockchain solutions.
Point 1: First of all, you must understand the technical strength of the blockchain technology service provider you choose, including the underlying strength of the blockchain and the technical strength of the team; what successful cases have been developed. Ask for developed projects, and the other party will analyze previous successful cases.
Point 2: It depends on the other party’s existing underlying blockchain architecture and project development experience.
Point 3: You can ask your friends if they know anything about it and recommend it. I personally know that the Renren blockchain BaaS platform has good overall strength. It can quickly build its own IT infrastructure and blockchain services on an open cloud platform. Of course there are others, choose the platform that suits your business. There are still issues that need attention that have not been mentioned, and I hope others can help add them~
The blockchain is similar to a "public ledger". Each block is a "ledger page". When people conduct transactions on the blockchain, the transaction data will be disclosed to every node in the blockchain, and It is recorded on the "ledger page", permanently stored, and cannot be tampered with. In view of the decentralization, openness and non-tampering characteristics of the blockchain, each work entered into the blockchain copyright registration system will generate a unique digital fingerprint that cannot be tampered with.
Users only need to pass the Xiaoxi Copyright Chain platform identity authentication authorization, and after successfully authenticating "I am me", submit the work to the Copyright Chain. After the background review is passed, the data will be generated and written into the blockchain to generate a certificate. To apply for a paper certificate from the Copyright Protection Center, you need to click "Copyright Certificate Application", then follow the steps to fill in the information, pay the fee, and wait for review... From this point of view, the blockchain + copyright model is really safe, time-saving, and effort-saving.
When it comes to legal protection, we have to mention "infringed" copyright as an intangible asset. If the creator lacks awareness of rights protection, the work may face infringement. Xiaoxi Copyright Chain does this relatively well in the industry. The reason why this platform has become the first smart rights protection platform based on blockchain in China is also inseparable from the support of the Chongqing Notary Office. The digital document storage technology based on the blockchain has been recognized by the notary office and can ensure that the content of the notarization application cannot be tampered with, providing help for the digitization, networking, and informatization of notary services. Notarization parties can pass XiaoxipingIn Taiwan, online submission of "preservation evidence" for notarization allows rights holders to have more judicial effect on the ownership of works, effectively face infringements, and improve risk response capabilities.
Blockchain, a new credit evaluation system, provides new technical support for the service reform of notary offices. Xiaoxi Copyright Chain has moved part of the business of the Chongqing Notary Office onto the blockchain platform, which can be called an innovation of blockchain in the field of notarial certificate business. In the process of notarization, material review and verification is the most critical and important part. The process design of the "blockchain + notarization" background changes the previous steps that required manual verification in various departments. Notaries only need to review the materials provided by users online to quickly complete the review and verification work, which greatly improves work efficiency.
The distributed architecture and non-tampering characteristics of blockchain technology can help solve problems such as the authenticity of bills and opaque information. When parties need to verify whether a note has been tampered with or transferred, the blockchain can provide indisputable proof of consistency.
Digital currency also takes advantage of this feature of blockchain. Puyin is a tea-based digital currency developed based on blockchain technology.
Analysis of Chongqing Jinwowo:
First, through its application in the field of digital currency, blockchain provides a solution for the flow of capital flow (or capital flow) information on the Internet.
Secondly, the blockchain solves the problem of confirmation of authority during the transaction process through encryption and reference to distributed ledgers.
Thirdly, the blockchain determines the exchange of digital assets through the technology of consensus mechanism.
❽ How blockchain technology can play a greater role in economic and social development
As the construction of a transportation power continues
In September 2019, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council The "Outline for Building a Powerful Transportation Nation" was issued, and it is planned to basically build a strong transportation country by 2035. In the "Outline for Building a Powerful Transportation Nation", in addition to "reducing costs and increasing efficiency" of my country's transportation based on existing infrastructure, advanced transportation equipment plays an "innovative" role, mainly transforming the incremental growth of my country's transportation. In the "Outline for Building a Powerful Transportation Nation", advanced equipment mainly includes large-scale carriers and special equipment to promote the upgrading of equipment technology; research and development of autonomous driving, vehicle-road collaboration, underwater robots, large-scale deep-sea multi-functional rescue ships, etc.; and the widespread use of smart high-speed rail , smart roads, smart shipping, etc.
❾ Blockchain has officially entered the 3.0 era, and real estate, supply chain, etc. will become key areas of application
With the continuous development of blockchain, blockchain The application scope of blockchain is getting wider and wider. With the improvement of scalability and efficiency, the application scope of blockchain will go beyond finance and expand to fields such as logistics, real estate and the Internet of Things, becoming the lowest level of future society. Agreement, this means that the blockchain will enter the 3.0 era.
The blockchain 1.0 era is represented by BTC (decentralization concept), which plays more of a distributed accounting role such as BTC and Ripple. , BCH, Litecoin, Dogecoin, etc. It is more used for digital currency accounting. Of course, the development in the first stage is not perfect. Bitcoin still has many problems that need to be solved, such as expansion, lightning payments, hard forks, etc.
With further completion, the blockchain has entered the 2.0 era, represented by ETH (smart contract), entering the contract stage.
Blockchain 2.0 represented by ETH is a great progress, but there are still many problems, such as channel congestion, slow transaction speed, and fork risk. High handling fees and so on. For example, after the popular CryptoKitties were launched on the Ethereum platform, they occupied about 25% of the Ethereum network at its peak, causing congestion on the entire Ethereum network and seriously affecting the experience of other Ethereum users. . The current development is a transition process from the first stage to the second stage.
After bidding farewell to the 1.0 and 2.0 eras, thanks to the continuous development of technology, blockchain has become more practical. This also means that the blockchain will completely break away from the financial attributes of the start-up period and enter practical application scenarios in all walks of life with its decentralization and other characteristics.
This also means that the blockchain has officially opened its 3.0 era - the era of comprehensive application. The blockchain industry structure in the 3.0 era is also more complex. Today I will give you a brief analysis.
The blockchain industry in the 3.0 era is divided into three levels: basic layer, service layer and application layer.
(1), Basic layer
The corresponding upstream, middle and downstream of the industrial chain include: upstream underlying technology and infrastructure (core technology, equipment, underlying platform deployment method), the midstream service layer mainly provides developers with applications based on blockchain technology; the downstream application layer includes finance, supply chain management, intelligent manufacturing, government enterprises, services, social applications, etc.
Hardware, technology and infrastructure manufacturers mainly provide chips, mining machines, mining pools, hard drives, routers and other infrastructure necessary for blockchain applications.
The underlying platform deployment methods can be divided into public chain, alliance chain, and private chain.
The underlying technology includes core basic components, protocols and algorithms. Based on the underlying core technology components, it provides different functions for different application scenarios, including smart contracts, programmable assets, incentive mechanisms, member management, etc.
The base layer provides the underlying blockchain or distributed ledger technology framework, mainly including Ethereum, Hyperledger Fabric, R3 Corda, FISCO BCOS, etc.
(2) Service layer
The service layer refers to the BaaS (Blockchain as a Service) platform. The main domestic BaaS platforms are Ant Blockchain BaaS platform, Tencent Cloud TBaaS, Ping An One Account BaaS platform, etc.
It mainly provides developers with applications based on blockchain technology, and provides smart contracts, information security, data services and other products based on the underlying technology. services to improve the convenience and scalability of developers developing applications at the platform layer.
Application and service vendors are responsible for the research and development of general blockchain technology and technology expansion platforms, the construction of digital currency education and storage platforms, and provide technology for the industry application layer. support.
(3) Application layer
The application layer is represented by core application components, including smart contracts, programmable assets, incentive mechanisms, member management, etc.
Refers to the end user or service provider of blockchain. The main application scenarios of blockchain now include cross-border payment, anti-counterfeiting traceability, and supply chain. Finance, trade finance, electronic bills, ABS, etc.
Service objects are divided into two categories: B-side (initial stage): blockchain + (finance, supply chain management, copyright protection, education); C-side (first to land): blockchain+ (sharing economy, pan-entertainment).
The downstream blockchain application field is the combination of blockchain technology and existing industries. Now, Many industries have begun the application era of blockchain 3.0.
(1) Blockchain + supply chain
Blockchain + supply chain enables full-process traceability of product information. The traceability and anti-counterfeiting system of the traditional supply chain has shortcomings such as opaque information, easy data tampering, poor security and relative closure. However, using blockchain technology and Internet of Things technology, the information on the raw material purchasing process, production process and circulation process of goods can be processed. Integration and traceability can truly realize the full-process authentic traceability across brands, channels, retailers, and consumers, down to each item and code, significantly improving user trust experience.
(2), Blockchain + Internet of Things
Build an information exchange network in the era of Internet of Everything. As the number of devices in the Internet of Things grows, the distributed nature of the blockchain provides a way for self-governance of the Internet of Things, which can help devices in the Internet of Things understand each other and understand the correlation between different devices, thereby realizing the distribution of the Internet of Things. type control.
(3), Blockchain + Medical
Ensure the safe sharing of medical data. Using blockchain technology to mathematically encrypt medical data can effectively prevent risks such as malicious modification of medical data. The medical data sharing and exchange system developed using blockchain technology uploads encrypted medical data, allowing data to be shared and circulated quickly, efficiently and securely between patients and medical institutions, effectively simplifying the management of medical data. Call process to provide data guarantee for accurate diagnosis of illness.
(4) Blockchain + Real Estate
There are many potential application scenarios of blockchain in the real estate industry. Common ones include: Real estate transactions. Pain points in the process of buying and selling property include: lack of transparency during and after the transaction, reams of paperwork, potential for fraud, errors in public records, and that’s just to name a few. Blockchain provides a way to achieve the need for paperless and fast transactions. In addition, real estate blockchain applications can help record, trace and transfer title deeds, deeds, liens, etc., and also provide a platform for financial companies, title companies and mortgage companies. Blockchain technology strives to securely preserve files while enhancing transparency and reducing costs. In addition, blockchain is also applied in the field of construction engineering, and many companies are applying this technology in the current urban renewal boom. For example, Shenzhen's Lanfang Chain has proposed a package of solutions including blockchain + urban renewal/construction engineering/real estate development based on blockchain, which comprehensively serves many fields in the real estate industry. Currently, its official website and mobile applications are online.
In addition, blockchain has already had many applications in supply chain finance, stock trading, banking, etc., so I won’t go into details here.
As one of the important contents of my country’s 14th Five-Year Plan, officials have long proposed to accelerate the promotion of blockchain Technological and industrial innovation and development, and actively promote the integrated development of blockchain and economy and society.
The key to achieving the above two developments lies in the following two points:
1. Breakthrough in the core technology of blockchain technology.
Blockchain technology isAt present, the technology gap between my country and Europe and the United States is the smallest. Officials particularly emphasize that in this emerging field, our country must be at the forefront of theory, occupy the commanding heights of innovation, and gain new industrial advantages. It is necessary to promote collaborative research, accelerate breakthroughs in core technologies, and provide safe and controllable technical support for the development of blockchain applications.
At present, most of the blockchain technology is still in the conceptual hype stage, and many business scenarios use blockchain purely for the sake of blockchain. So far, no one in our country has been able to solve core technical dilemmas such as the ternary paradox on a global scale. Therefore, we must return to basic theories and core technologies and achieve major breakthroughs through long-term and concentrated research.
In fact, the official has put forward very high requirements for the theoretical technology and subsequent application development of blockchain technology. Do a good job in basic theoretical research on blockchain, Focusing on conquering a number of key core technologies and truly shouldering the burden of technology research and development is the key to the current development of blockchain.
2. Enhance international voice and rule-making power.
Different from previous information technologies, blockchain technology is highly scalable, or aggressive. Its rules or right to speak determine its scope of influence, because every business on the chain is Individuals or institutions must obey the rules set by the blockchain, whether at home or abroad. For example, when using the Windows system, everyone must obey the rules of Windows, but Windows only stipulates the rules for information interaction for users, which is acceptable to us, while the blockchain stipulates industry governance rules. With its distributed characteristics, the governance rules of the blockchain can quickly transcend national borders and geographical restrictions.
In order to achieve the above two points, we must strengthen the construction of the talent team, establish and improve the talent training system, create various forms of high-level talent training platforms, and cultivate a A group of leading figures and a high-level innovation team.
Blockchain, as an architectural innovation technology, has a huge demand for comprehensive talents, requiring practitioners to master a variety of professional and technical knowledge involving cryptography, information science, basic mathematics, etc. To develop blockchain, we must strengthen the construction of a talent team with deep cross-integration of disciplines, and establish a talent cultivation system in a forward-looking and systematic manner from the aspects of basic research, applied research and development, and industrial integration.
Blockchain technology is an important part of the future digital economy and has rich advantages for all walks of life. Although we have entered the 3.0 era, the vertical application of blockchain in various industries has just begun.
What do you think of the future of blockchain?
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