idc属于什么板块,idc产业链
IDC（Internet Data Center）是指网络数据中心，是指以互联网技术为核心，以物理设施为基础，以软件为支撑，以网络为媒介，以服务为目的的信息技术服务中心。它是信息技术服务的重要组成部分，也是企业信息化建设的基础设施，是互联网应用的重要基础设施。
IDC产业链是指IDC产业的上下游产业，包括IDC设备制造厂商、IDC服务商、IDC运营商、IDC经销商、IDC软件开发商等，构成了一个完整的产业链。
IDC设备制造厂商，是指生产IDC设备的厂商，其主要产品包括服务器、存储设备、网络设备、安全设备、电源设备、空调设备等。这些设备是IDC建设的基础，是IDC服务的核心，是IDC产业链的基础支撑。
IDC服务商，是指提供IDC服务的服务商，其服务内容包括IDC机房建设、IDC机房管理、IDC服务器租用、IDC服务器托管等。IDC服务商的主要任务是提供IDC服务，满足企业对IDC服务的需求，为企业的信息化建设提供技术支持。
IDC运营商，是指运营IDC机房的运营商，其主要职责是负责IDC机房的日常运营管理，包括IDC机房的安全管理、IDC机房的资源管理、IDC机房的网络管理等，为IDC服务商提供可靠的IDC机房运营环境。
IDC经销商，是指负责IDC设备的销售和分销的经销商，其主要职责是负责IDC设备的销售、安装、维护等，为IDC设备制造厂商提供销售渠道，为IDC服务商提供设备支持。
IDC软件开发商，是指专门从事IDC软件开发的商家，其主要职责是开发IDC软件，为IDC服务商提供软件支持，如IDC机房管理软件、IDC服务器管理软件、IDC网络管理软件等。
总体来说，IDC产业链是一个完整的产业链，包括IDC设备制造厂商、IDC服务商、IDC运营商、IDC经销商、IDC软件开发商等，各个环节相互依赖，共同构成IDC服务的完整体系，为企业信息化建设提供技术支持，为企业提供高效、安全、可靠的信息服务。
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① Current status and future development trends of blockchain
Blockchain has developed to 3.0, and application exploration is the current goal
According to IDC definition, the area Blockchain refers to a distributed ledger that records information and data. The ledger is stored between multiple participants in the peer-to-peer network. Participants can use cryptographic signatures to add new transactions to the existing transaction chain, forming a secure, continuous, and immutable chained data structure; from a data perspective It seems that blockchain is a kind of distributed data that cannot be changed.
In 2008, an article titled "Bitcoin—A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System" marked the birth of Bitcoin and the beginning of the global blockchain industry. Since its development, the blockchain has developed from 1.0 to 3.0, from the characteristics of digital currency to the application exploration stage.
The above data comes from the "China Blockchain Industry" by Qianzhan Industry Research Institute "In-depth Analysis Report on Business Model Innovation and Investment Opportunities". At the same time, the Qianzhan Industry Research Institute also provides solutions such as industrial big data, industrial planning, industrial declaration, industrial park planning, and industrial investment promotion.
② How is the overall development of blockchain now?
The current development status of China’s blockchain
1. The industry is in a stage of rapid growth
From the blockchain industry level, from 2016 to 2018, as domestic large-scale IT Internet companies have deployed blockchain, start-ups have entered a blowout mode, and the scale of the blockchain industry has continued to expand. According to IDC data, the market size of China's blockchain industry has grown from US$85 million in 2017 to US$561 million in 2020, with a compound annual growth rate of 60.3%.
③ What exactly is blockchain? Blockchain is virtual currency
Let me tell you about blockchain in a layman’s terms. No need to use it. What advanced professional terminology, because it is too difficult to understand, let me give you an analogy, I guarantee that you will understand it at a glance.
Chinese mahjong can be understood as blockchain. If the four of you ABCD are going to play mahjong, who will say hello? If A greets, then A is the initiator of this block. A is responsible for finding the mahjong parlor. Organizer A can invite BCD, or B can invite C or C can invite D. It doesn't matter.
abcd gathered in a mahjong parlor and started playing mahjong. The process of shuffling the cards in the mahjong machine, drawing cards, and playing cards by abcd can be understood as a mining stage similar to Bitcoin in the blockchain.
Everyone has different cards, which is equivalent to the algorithm in the block, but there is a goal, and they are all for the purpose of cheating. Among them, A cheated, and bcd said nothing. , everyone knows at a glance that A has won. This is called the consensus mechanism in the blockchain.
A was confused. After A pushed down the mahjong, bcd knew how A got confused, andAnd keep it in mind, if A wins 10 yuan, and AbCD knows that A wins 10 yuan, this is called distributed accounting in the blockchain.
Everyone who plays mahjong knows what mahjong arrangement can be used, and everyone also knows what cards can be doubled, so this can be understood as a smart contract in the blockchain.
Everyone knows the final winning card of A after A is knocked down. No one can tamper with this result because everyone is watching it. This can be understood as the immutability of the blockchain. sex.
After A announced that he was cheating, everyone did not go to another person, such as E, F, G... to verify. The same was true after B won... no regulatory agency can control it They all manage themselves. This is the decentralization in the blockchain.
By analogy, the four buddies abcd played mahjong for a day, and abcd recorded the winning and losing of each game, no matter what method they used, whether it was brain memory, video recording, or notes. Well, the more they fight, the more they can reflect the immutability, decentralization, distributed accounting, and consensus of the blockchain...
At this point, you Now you basically understand what blockchain is, isn’t it very simple?
The second question is that blockchain is not a virtual currency. Virtual currency is just a part of blockchain technology.
Many people think that virtual currency is the blockchain and Bitcoin is the blockchain. This is actually wrong. It’s just that the fame of Bitcoin has brought blockchain into the public eye.
Satoshi Nakamoto invented Bitcoin using blockchain technology, and he defined Bitcoin as a peer-to-peer electronic cash system. The term "electronic cash" indicates that what Satoshi Nakamoto wanted to invent was not Not just a payment system, but a monetary system with an independent monetary philosophy.
Today’s hotly-hyped virtual currencies, as well as mining, are resisted by many departments and countries. The fundamental purpose is not to waste resources, electricity, etc., but because people with blockchain technology Virtual currency has subverted traditional finance and can easily cause the collapse of traditional finance. I have talked about this in my previous Q&A, so I won’t go into details here.
It can be said that Satoshi Nakamoto and the Bitcoin he invented are the pioneers of the blockchain. It was Satoshi Nakamoto who brought blockchain technology into everyone’s field of vision. Blockchain technology is still widely used in finance, medical care, service industry, big data security...
Let’s talk about this big data. As we all know, the recent Didi incident due to big data security The impact is still quite large. If decentralization in blockchain technology is used, personal data can be obtained and saved through the blockchain. How can there be data leakage? In today's society, with the advancement of technology, as long as you play with your mobile phone and are connected to the Internet, you have no data security, your personal informationIt has already been leaked to its full extent, so blockchain technology is an inevitable trend in social progress.
Let’s talk about blockchain. I hope you can learn something from it. You can also pay more attention to blockchain technology and improve your cognitive level. (Personally coded by hand)
Blockchain is a distributed storage solution.
Virtual currency is a supporting reward mechanism to promote this plan.
The blockchain is decentralized, so there will be no IDC computer room or centralized data center. The storage of all data is theoretically fragmented. This requires a reward to attract others to join the project, and this reward is virtual currency.
In theory, blockchain can form a dynamically stable and decentralized cloud-like computing resource provision channel.
Bitcoin is the earliest blockchain application, while Ethereum is a second-generation blockchain that can support on-chain applications. The hardware resources required for these applications are provided by miners, so they must be paid Miners pay a certain fee, and the common currency used for this fee is Ethereum.
The biggest attraction of blockchain is decentralization. In theory, applications on the chain will not disappear. No cloud containers will be lost, no data centers will be blown away by typhoons, and there will be no An organization can decide whether it stays or goes.
However, the reality is that there are still a lot of problems in on-chain applications, such as high latency, imperfect infrastructure, the reward-based miner attraction mechanism has not accelerated the on-chain speed as expected, and the virtual currency has prospered alone. Centralization returns to centralized exchanges, and other issues. There is also the inflow of black money, which is making this emerging industry full of uncertainty.
But from a technical perspective, blockchain technology is indeed the next generation of computer application technology.
Blockchain is a technology, a distributed and decentralized technology that can be applied to storage. Blockchain is not a virtual currency. Virtual currency is just a digital currency made using blockchain technology. Now, for example, the relationship between blockchain and digital currency is like, for example, if you build a dapp application mall on a certain chain, then you A token related to this mall can be issued.
The real connection between blockchain and virtual currencyWhat we are pursuing now is the application of blockchain technology. You develop a public chain and build many shopping malls, finance, defi, real estate, and tourism on this public chain. Such a dapp, this public chain has value, and then the tokens issued by this public chain have value, just like the current Ethereum, pi network
There are too many on the Internet now The so-called "blockchain digital currency", when we look at virtual currency, we look at what problems the public chain it is on can solve and what value it has, rather than blindly hype it. I think blockchain is the underlying technology. I think we only know The surface of blockchain.
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Author: Leng Leng's point of view
Blockchain is a technology , Virtual currencies such as Bitcoin are application products on the blockchain. There are many video explanations on my homepage.
Blockchain is a technology, and virtual currency is a product produced by applying blockchain technology.
Bitcoin brought out blockchain technology, making people who don’t know why think that Bitcoin is equivalent to blockchain.
What is blockchain?
Every computer (mobile phone) is a block, which is connected through the Internet to form a blockchain.
Different from the traditional Internet, for example, when playing Douyin, each of us requests the Douyin server, and the Douyin server gives us the video. Everyone who plays Douyin cannot do without the Douyin server, and the Douyin server is our center. There is no center in the blockchain. Everyone (each block) is a server. When a block generates new content, everyone will be notified and everyone will save the new content to their own server. Each block saves The content is the same. If a new user (block) joins, it needs to synchronize the data on the blockchain and update the data to its own server first.
The advantage of blockchain is that it can ensure data security and cannot change the data. It is useless if you change one or two blocks of data. Once the blockchain data is synchronized, it will become the correct value. The traditional central server will not work. Hackers invaded the Douyin server, and all users suffered.
Disadvantages of blockchain are low efficiency. Blockchain requires synchronization of blockchain data in each block. New changes on the blockchain require simultaneous updates from users on the entire blockchain network, which is inefficient.
Blockchain is a computer model of distributed data storage, point-to-point transmission, and consensus mechanism. In simple terms, blockchain is a decentralized database. How to use this technology? Is the value reflected? Under the consensus mechanism, a technology such as blockchain is formed to give a specific token, which is BTC
Blockchain is a new Internet application technology that uses distributed storage, passwords The application of emerging technologies such as science, smart contracts, and consensus algorithms can be said to be a new data transmission method that innovates existing Internet protocols. At present, blockchain technology is constantly iterating
1. Blockchain 1.0, symbolizing the birth of Bitcoin; only with Bitcoin can the development of blockchain technology officially occur
2 , Blockchain 2.0, Ethereum decentralized application platform, Ethereum introduces the application of smart contracts, which represents the beginning of a new era of blockchain technology; now everyone can create projects on Ethereum, and in recent years Many good projects have been launched
3. Blockchain 3.0, DeFi is starting to go to ChinaIn the era of centralized finance, DeFi projects use smart contract technology to realize various functions of traditional financial institutions, such as derivatives, lending, trading, financial management, asset management, and insurance. There are currently mixed reviews for DEFI, which will take time to verify
Although the blockchain originated from Bitcoin, just like the first computer when the Internet first appeared, Bitcoin is mainly used by miners. Mining rewards
Blockchain is a decentralized accounting method. Virtual currency is the product of blockchain.
④ What will be the future development of data centers when they are incorporated into new infrastructure?
Accelerate the formulation of carbon peak action plans and promote industrial structure upgrading and low-carbon development
Carbon Neutral He means to increase carbon absorption through afforestation, energy conservation and emission reduction, offset carbon absorption and carbon emissions, and achieve carbon neutrality. Carbon peaking means that carbon dioxide emissions no longer increase. After reaching the peak, they will slowly decrease. This is a stage that must be passed before carbon neutrality.
In September 2020, at the 75th United Nations General Assembly, our country proposed that carbon dioxide emissions should strive to peak before 2030 and strive to achieve carbon neutrality by 2060. In December 2020, the Central Economic Work Conference listed "doing a good job in carbon peaking and carbon neutrality" as one of the key tasks in 2021.
In March 2021, the government work report stated that it would formulate an action plan to peak carbon emissions before 2030, promote the optimization of industrial structure and energy structure, and vigorously develop new energy.
——For more data, please refer to the "China Data center industry market demand and investment strategic planning analysis report.
⑤ Blockchain has been raised to a strategic level, and cloud computing + 5G will benefit in the long term (shareholding)
Blockchain has been raised to a national level, and “blockchain must be regarded as a core technology” An important breakthrough for independent innovation and accelerating the development of blockchain technology and industrial innovation." This is undoubtedly a big news for the blockchain concept sector. Blockchain, digital currency and other concept stocks are in the spotlight.
Blockchain is an organic combination of existing mature technologies. Its core technologies mainly include distributed ledgers, consensus mechanisms, smart contracts and cryptography, thereby achieving a chained data structure that is difficult to tamper with.
The physical basis for building a blockchain is a distributed ledger, which is an independent and complete data storage in multiple network nodes. In order to solve the problem of consistency certification of distributed systems, consensus algorithms are introduced at the system level. The most widely used ones include PoW and PoS (mainly used in public chain systems such as Bitcoin, supporting the issuance of tokens, which consumes a lot of computing power), and PBFT ( Mainly used for alliance chains or private chains, no tokens required).
Tianfeng Securities research report pointed out that the characteristics of blockchain technology will directly stimulate the communication industry chain in three aspects:：
1) Computing power drives demand for servers and data centers;
2) Distributed storage drives demand for public clouds/private clouds, and blockchain applications will also accelerate The progress of enterprises moving to the cloud has created long-term demand for cloud computing, IDC, switches/servers;
3) The low-latency, high-speed 5G network is an important way to solve the low transaction rate of blockchain.
Tianfeng Securities pointed out that the application and deployment of blockchain will drive demand in many aspects of the communications industry. Specifically:
1) Under the public chain model , the consensus algorithm requires a large amount of computing power support. Currently, the equipment used in consensus calculation is mainly servers (mining machines), which will generate a large number of server demands and drive the growth of IDC demand.
2) In both public chain and alliance chain modes, blockchain requires a large number of distributed nodes to store ledger information, which will bring about public cloud/private cloud storage requirements. Further boost long-term demand for cloud computing, IDC, and switches/servers.
3) Due to the characteristics of the distributed architecture of the blockchain, factors such as different node computing capabilities, network conditions, etc., the transaction speed of the blockchain is low (7 transactions per second on the Bitcoin network, 15 transactions on the Ethereum network) / second, which is significantly lower than VISA’s peak of 56,000 transactions/second and Alipay’s 256,000 transactions/second). In order to solve transaction congestion and rising costs in blockchain-scale applications, high-performance networks have become an important link. The high speed, low latency characteristics and natural large-scale edge node resources of the 5G network perfectly meet the needs of blockchain technology.
Blockchain technology has been elevated to the level of an important breakthrough for independent innovation, and industrial investment, research and development, and implementation progress are expected to continue to accelerate. Tianfeng Securities believes that as the core carrier of blockchain deployment and operation, the communications industry chain is expected to benefit in the long term. Specifically:
⑥ What are the application scenarios of blockchain
Major companies in the industry: Ping An of China (601318), Donggang Co., Ltd. (002117), Information Development (300469), Yuanguang Software (002063), Boss Software (300525), Feitian Integrity (300386), Sifang Jingchuang (300468), and Industrial and Commercial Bank of China (601398), SF Holding (002352)
The core data of this article: China’s blockchain downstream application structure, China’s blockchain market size
The enthusiasm for blockchain investment has eased< /p>
The frequency and amount of investment and financing increased sharply from 2016 to 2018. As of October 2018, the number of Chinese blockchain company/project financings reached 349, with the total financing amount reaching 17.078 billion yuan. The number of financing events in 2019 was 149, a year-on-year decrease of 50%.The amount of funds was 3.49 billion yuan, down 75% year-on-year. Capital investors’ investment in blockchain companies has gradually become more rational. After entering 2020, capital's enthusiasm for investment in blockchain has further declined. In 2020, there were a total of 114 financing events in the blockchain industry, with a financing amount of 6.5 billion yuan.
The above data refers to the "China Blockchain Industry Market Foresight and Investment Strategic Planning Analysis Report" by the Qianzhan Industry Research Institute.
⑦ What are the technological advancements of electronic invoices?
Realize the full-process management of ordinary invoices from planning, application, issuance to inspection, settlement, declaration, analysis and comparison, Anhui Hangxin uses core technologies such as cloud computing, multi-level caching, and in-memory databases to support massive data processing and storage and concurrent access by large numbers of users, meeting the requirements of e-commerce for electronic invoice issuance. Data is fully protected, tamper-proof, and leak-proof. , prevent counterfeiting, can provide evidence and be traceable, ensuring the safe application of electronic invoices, real-time issuance, real-time collection, instant verification, instant redemption, which greatly improves the availability of invoice data, timely discovers invoice violations and blocks tax collection loopholes.
