区块链的读书心得,区块链技术的书
随着区块链技术的发展，越来越多的人开始研究和使用区块链。本文旨在通过对区块链技术的读书心得，来帮助读者更好地理解区块链技术，从而更好地应用区块链技术。
首先，要了解区块链技术，就必须了解它的基本原理。区块链技术是一种分布式账本技术，它可以记录所有的交易信息，并将其存储在一个共享的数据库中。它的最大特点是，它具有去中心化、不可篡改、安全可靠等特点，因此它可以有效地解决传统中心化系统中存在的安全问题。
其次，要深入了解区块链技术，就必须了解它的基本构成。区块链技术主要由三部分组成：节点、区块链协议和智能合约。节点是区块链网络中的计算机，它们可以运行区块链协议，从而实现区块链的功能。区块链协议是一种计算机程序，它可以用来实现区块链的功能，包括记录交易信息、验证交易信息等。最后，智能合约是一种在区块链网络中执行的自动化程序，它可以自动完成一些复杂的交易，从而提高交易的效率。
最后，要更好地应用区块链技术，就必须了解它的应用场景。目前，区块链技术主要应用于金融、物流、政府等领域，它可以有效地提高传统行业的效率，并带来新的商业模式。例如，金融领域可以利用区块链技术进行资金管理，以及实现跨境支付；物流领域可以利用区块链技术实现物流信息追踪；政府领域可以利用区块链技术实现政府信息共享，以及政府数据安全等。
总之，区块链技术是一种具有重要意义的技术，它可以解决传统中心化系统中存在的安全问题，并可以在金融、物流、政府等领域应用，从而提高行业的效率，为社会带来更多的福利。因此，我们应该深入了解区块链技术，以便更好地应用它，实现更高的社会效益。
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⑴ What is the concept of blockchain? What exactly is blockchain? Read it in three minutes!
On October 25, 2019, Xinwen Broadcast sent a very important signal: the country must vigorously develop blockchain. After that, blockchain has become an Internet celebrity, and the figure of "blockchain" is floating in the streets and alleys. In fact, many technology companies have already deployed blockchain technology.
Although blockchain is very popular, many people do not know much about blockchain.
What is blockchain?
Let’s first take a look at how Du Niang explained it. Network display: Blockchain is a new application model of computer technologies such as distributed data storage, point-to-point transmission, consensus mechanism, and encryption algorithms.
Why is blockchain called blockchain?
The blockchain is linked by blocks one by one, and the blocks are storage units one by one, which record the communication information of each block node. The blocks are much like the records of the database. Writing data every time creates a block. With the expansion of information exchange, one block continues with another, and the result is called a blockchain.
What are the characteristics of blockchain?
Blockchain mainly has the following characteristics:
1. Decentralization: In the blockchain system, every node has equal rights. and obligations, there is no central control here. Decentralization has well established trust relationships with each other. Although there is no central management organization, people can collaborate with each other and trust each other. This mainly applies blockchain distributed ledger technology.
2. Openness: Blockchain data is open to everyone. Except for some encrypted information that is not open, everyone can check the data here.
3. Independence: The entire blockchain system does not rely on other third parties. All nodes can automatically and securely verify and exchange data within the system without any human intervention.
4. Security: Blockchain has a certain degree of security and cannot be tampered with. Because everyone in the blockchain system has the same ledger, if someone wants to tamper with it, it is possible to forge a non-existent record only if they control more than 51% of the accounting nodes. Of course, this is basically impossible. This is mainly due to the core technology of the blockchain: the consensus mechanism. The consensus mechanism has the characteristics of "the minority obeys the majority" and "everyone is equal".
5. Anonymity: Many people think that if the blockchain is so open and transparent, will we lose privacy? In fact, no, although the transaction information in the blockchain is open and transparent, the identity information of the account is encrypted and can only be accessed with authorization.
Now let me tell you a story to help you better understand the blockchain.
There are three people in the family, mom, dad, older brother and younger brother. Last year, my father was in charge of the family's account books. He was responsible for all the family's income and expenses alone.
However, on the day of Double Eleven, my mother, who has always been frugal, wanted to buy herself a beautiful piece of clothing on a certain online store. When she checked the account book, she found something was wrong. It stands to reason that except for some money deposited in banks and financial management, the whereabouts of the daily consumption money at home are all in this account book, but no matter how you look at it, it is wrong. Some consumption is clearly not recorded, but is recorded.
Later, my father took the initiative to confess that he couldn’t help but buy a pack of cigarettes.
Later, my mother changed her strategy and the whole family kept accounts. Everyone recorded their monthly consumption expenditure in their own account books. Whenever there was a transaction or consumption at home, my mother would shout, "Book it," and everyone would record the transaction in their own books. This is the decentralized accounting model, where everyone is the center and everyone has a ledger.
The previous accounting model for dad was centralized accounting. If dad wanted to do something alone, it would be difficult for anyone to see it. The decentralized accounting model has solved the problem of centralization very well. The disadvantage of bookkeeping is that it is very difficult for dad to tamper with the books.
For example, if my father wants to take some money from the ledger and secretly buy cigarettes, the amount of money is limited, and if he wants to take the money, he has to change the ledger, but he only tampered with his own ledger. No, he had to change the accounts of three people including himself. And this is undoubtedly more difficult than reaching the sky.
So, many times my father had the idea of smoking, but he had no choice but to give up the idea due to the current situation.
Are blockchain and Bitcoin the same thing?
In fact, blockchain and Bitcoin are not the same thing. It is just the underlying technology of Bitcoin. Bitcoin is the first digital currency applied by blockchain.
In 2008, Satoshi Nakamoto first proposed the concept of blockchain. In the following years, it became a core component of the electronic currency Bitcoin, serving as a public account book for all transactions. Blockchain was first applied to Bitcoin.
The origin of blockchain is to solve the problem of trust, and one of the most successful applications of blockchain is digital currency. Bitcoin is arguably the most successful application of blockchain so far.
What are the applications of blockchain?
The application of blockchain is actually very wide. In addition to digital currency, the future applications of Bitcoin are still very extensive. Blockchain technology has been widely used in different industries. Such as product traceability, copyright protection andTransactions, payment and settlement, Internet of Things, digital marketing, medical care, etc., promote different industries to quickly enter the "blockchain+" era.
1. Payment and clearing: Blockchain can abandon the role of transit banks, realize point-to-point payment, reduce transit fees, and accelerate fund utilization.
2. Product traceability: For example, if we buy a piece of clothing on a certain store, we can see the past and present life of this piece of clothing.
3. Securities trading: Traditional securities trading requires the coordination of four major institutions, which is inefficient and costly. Blockchain technology can independently complete one-stop services.
4. Supply chain: Introducing blockchain technology into the supply chain system, synchronizing information within the system can control all links, better complete division of labor and collaboration, and facilitate subsequent accountability.
5. Intellectual property rights: With copyright on the chain, our photographic works, musical works, literary works, etc. will become our information, and the ownership of the information will be confirmed and become our property.
⑵ 500-word review of "Blockchain with Pictures"
500-word review of "Blockchain with Pictures"
"Blockchain with Pictures" is an introductory area The best reading on blockchain. The concepts are clear, the pictures and texts are rich, the cases are rich, and the stories are humorous. It is stress-free to read and easy to understand.
The book talks about two periods of history. A history of ledgers, from drawings and knotting notes in ancient times to today’s distributed ledgers. A brief history of Bitcoin, from the birth of Satoshi Nakamoto, the father of Bitcoin, to major events about Bitcoin in June 2017. Why do we need to use a relatively large space to introduce these two periods of history? Let me borrow a paragraph to explain: Reading history can make people wise, and learning from the past can help us know the future. The evolution of history is never accidental. The coincidence of the main line structure under the gears is an inevitable outcome drawn by fate.
Of course, blockchain is inseparable from technology. The author explains in Chapter 2 what blockchain is, how blockchain works and the principles of blockchain. If you have never read the book, you will definitely find it difficult to understand and boring, but the author combines wonderful stories and pictures to make the originally boring techniques not that difficult to understand, and it is easy to remember. Of course, due to space limitations, we can only give a rough explanation, and we still need to delve into the details.
When I first started learning blockchain, one thing I was very confused about was what are the application scenarios of blockchain? After thinking for a long time, I still didn't get the answer. After reading this book, it immediately became clear that blockchain can be used in scenarios where trust issues and value transfer need to be solved. In addition, this book introduces a large number of blockchain application fields in Chapter 4 Application. If you need to learn more about blockchainFor applications, you can refer to the book "Blockchain Society: Decoding Global Applications and Investment Cases of Blockchain".
Due to space limitations, the problems described are limited, and we need to read more, think more, participate more, and learn more.
⑶ Thoughts on reading "Blockchain: From Digital Currency to Credit Society" by Chang Chai and Han Feng
You may not know Chang Chai, but you should listen Guo Zhihu’s Divine Prophecy: The story of Chang Chai’s suggestion to buy Bitcoin. Question posted on Zhihu on December 21, 2011: A junior student has 6,000 yuan on hand. What good financial investment advice do you have? Changchai replied: "Buy Bitcoin and save the wallet file, then forget that you ever had 6,000 yuan, and look at it again in 5 years." ”
It is precisely because of this divine reply that Chang Chai has gained countless fans. With Chang Chai’s precision and unique vision, coupled with his status as a well-known science fiction writer, in the eyes of ordinary people, he looks like God-like existence.
If you plan to have a more systematic and in-depth understanding of blockchain, reading this book is a good choice. Blockchain technology appeared earlier than Bitcoin, but it was Attention. Blockchain technology is expected to show its talents, especially in the financial field: because the blockchain is non-tamperable, it is expected to further solve the problem of high credit costs in today's society; there are also various innovative Defi projects that have been particularly popular recently, hoping to use the blockchain Blockchain technology is used to change the pawnshop thinking of traditional finance, use technical solutions to solve credit problems, and improve the utilization rate of funds. The author proposes that blockchain is not the revolution of traditional finance. The two should cooperate with each other and learn from each other's strengths. Now the domestic center Digital payment is efficient, convenient and low-cost. However, when it comes to international settlement, it can only be done through the SWIFT organization, which is time-consuming and costly. For ordinary people, they need to open an account in the destination country first. For example, Ripple and BTC Much more convenient and faster.
⑷ 7.14 Liu Run’s five-minute business school reading notes
66. The true face of blockchain
Liu Run’s five-minute Classroom decentralization
Whether it is blockchain or Bitcoin, its essence is: decentralization.
What is "decentralization"? In connection efficiency In the era of low technology, the centralized "star structure" was the most effective structure for organizing fabric resources. However, in the Internet era with rapid improvement in connection efficiency, the decentralized "mesh structure" has gradually become more efficient.
More and more business models are based on decentralized architecture or even philosophy, such as blockchain and Bitcoin.
More It’s like a project that entrepreneurs play together. There are no absolute bosses or employees among a group of people. With the project system as the starting point, anyone can be the developer.Starter, I am the initiator of this project, and I may also be a participant in another project. In short, there are unlimited combinations.
Sixty-seven. When all goods are free
Liu Run’s 5-minute class on zero marginal cost society
The singer sings a song, From participating in TV programs to food, clothing, housing and transportation, as well as the time spent for it, singing this song is expensive
When the song is turned into a CD, the cost of the song becomes popular
When the Internet comes, you only need to upload music, and many people can listen to the song at a very low cost. The marginal cost is as low as possible or even free.
Reducing the marginal cost to zero is equivalent to gaining more users, but the original business model has changed.
68. Will your job be replaced by artificial intelligence?
Liu Run’s 5-minute class on artificial intelligence:
Artificial intelligence changes life. Many tasks that used to be done by humans have been replaced by artificial intelligence, such as driverless driving. Online translation...will your job be replaced by artificial intelligence?
Teacher Kaifu Li said in his book "Artificial Intelligence" that students who are worried like this are overly optimistic and believe that technology will always develop exponentially, while ignoring the major bottlenecks that will inevitably be encountered. Instead of worrying about whether humans will become extinct, we should worry about whether our jobs will be replaced, and how to seize business opportunities when others are worried.
I strongly agree with this point of view. So which jobs are likely to be replaced? Or, conversely, what should we use artificial intelligence to replace things that humans do inefficiently, thereby creating huge business opportunities?
69. It is said that in 2045, the "Singularity" will be approaching?
Liu Run’s 5-minute class The singularity is approaching
The development of science and technology is consistent with power law distribution. It develops slowly in the early stage, then gets faster and faster until it explodes. The breaking point is called the singularity.
Artificial intelligence is currently in a slow development stage, but it will develop rapidly in the next few decades. It will reach a singularity in 2045. How should we welcome 2045?
First, stay healthy.
Kurzweil is 69 years old and takes 150 pills a day to ensure that he can live until 2045, witness the arrival of the singularity, and perhaps become digitally immortal. What about us? Also protectStay healthy and live until 2045 to see which of them is right and who is wrong.
Second, work hard to make money.
Study "5 Minute Business School" carefully and achieve the greatest possible business success. In this way, if artificial intelligence really rules the earth in 2045, you might be able to afford Elon Musk’s ticket, immigrate to Mars, and escape this sad place.
Third, pay attention to technology.
Business models are born for technology. In the past, because the environment did not change much, what we studied was relative competition. Today, technology has brought about earth-shaking changes in lifestyles. Business people must pay attention to technology in order to seize opportunities.
Seventy. If you could live to be 120 years old, how would you plan your life?
Liu Run’s 5-minute class Gene Technology
The “storage, reading and writing” technology of human genetic technology has become more and more developed. With the prevention of birth defects and the cure of tumor genes, human life expectancy will become longer and longer. For this generation, if you don’t live to be 120 years old, you will be sorry for yourself. Pay less attention to labor and pay more attention to life.
However, the life cycle of human beings is getting longer and longer, and the life cycle of industry is getting shorter and shorter. This is likely to cause our life to change from a three-stage to a multi-stage. Our past knowledge and experience will be almost worthless. Only continuous learning is the only correct strategy.
⑸ "Blockchain Project Development Guide" reading notes
ethash
Answer: In DAPP, there is no central server to coordinate nodes or decide anything What is right and what is wrong, so it is really not easy to deal with this challenge, and the consistency protocol can be used to solve this problem.
Supplement: The core of the consensus algorithm is to solve the Byzantine Generals Problem (distributed network consistency problem).
Answer: It is difficult to fix bugs or update DAPP.
If I need to capture data from a centralized application, such as vehicle violation information, how can I ensure that the captured data is true and valid?
Answer: In order to access the centralized API, you can use the Oraclize service as a middleman. Oraclize provides TLSNotary verification for data captured from the centralized service smart contract.
The owner of a centralized application needs to be profitable to maintain the operation of the application in the long term. Although DAPP does not have an owner, like centralized applications, DAPP nodes require hardware and network resources to maintain operation. DAPP nodes need some useful rewards to maintain operationOK, so here comes the internal currency. Most DAPPs have built-in internal currencies, or it can be said that the most successful DAPPs have built-in internal currencies. Such as Ethereum
Authorized DAPPs are not open to everyone. Authorized DAPPs inherit all attributes of permission-free DAPPs, but require permissions to participate in the network. The consensus protocols of authorized DAPPs and permissionless DAPPs are different. Authorized DAPPs have no internal currency.
The Hyperledger project is committed to developing and creating authorized DAPP technology.
Why do a few countries consider Bitcoin illegal, while most countries have not yet made a decision? The reasons are as follows:
The InterPlanetary File System is a decentralized file system.
The goal is to prevent others from using ISPs to trace the owner by making transactions almost instantaneous and hiding the information of the trading account.
Anyone can become a miner in the Ethereum network. Each miner solves the problem alone, and the first miner to solve the problem is the winner, and his reward is 5 ether coins and the transaction fees of all transactions in the block. There is no limit to how many blocks there are in a blockchain, nor is there a limit to the total number of Ether that can be generated.
Any node in the network can check whether the blockchain is legal. First check whether the transaction is legal in the blockchain and the verification of the timestamp, and then check whether the target value and random number of the block are legal. , whether miners receive legal rewards, etc.
How do nodes discover other nodes in the network?
Ethereum’s node discovery protocol: Kadelima. In this protocol, there is a special node Bootstrap node. It saves a list of all nodes connected to it over a period of time, but does not save the blockchain itself.
When peer nodes connect to the Ethereum network, they first connect to Bootstrap nodes.
There can be multiple Ethereum instances, that is, different networks each with their own network ID.
The two main Ethereum networks are the mainnet and the testnet. Ethereum is traded on the mainnet, while the testnet is for developers to test.
A decentralized communication protocol that supports broadcasts, user-to-user, encrypted messages, etc., but is not used to transmit big data.
A decentralized file system.
geth provides a JSON-RPC API for other applications to communicate with them. Serve JSON-RPC API using HTTP, WebSocket and other protocols.
The APIs provided by JSON-RPC API are divided into the following types:
Nodes in the Ethereum network communicate on port 30303 by default.
--networkid is used to specify the network ID, 1 represents the main network ID, the default value is 1, 2 represents the test network ID
--dev marks running a private network
--etherbase specifies the wallet address where the rewards earned from mining are deposited
--unlock unlocks one or more accounts
The Ethereum wallet is bundled with geth. When running Ethereum, it tries to discover a local geth instance and connect to it; if it cannot find geth running, it starts its own geth node. Ethereum wallet uses IPC to communicate with geth. geth supports file-based IPC.
The name of the next major update to Ethereum. Serenity changes the consensus protocol to casper and will integrate state channels and sharding.
Casper implements a process that punishes all malicious actors. This is how Proof of Stake works under Casper:
Validators stake a certain percentage of the ether they own as collateral. Then, they will start validating the blocks. That is, when they find a block that they believe can be added to the chain, they will place a bet to verify it.
If the block is added to the chain, then validators will receive a reward proportional to their stake. However, if a validator acts in a malicious manner and attempts to do something "nothing at stake", they will be immediately punished and all their equity will be chopped off. As you can see, Casper is designed to work on a trustless system and is more Byzantine fault tolerant.
The payment channel feature allows more than two transactions sending ether to another account to be combined into two transactions. Its working principle is: Suppose X is a video website owner and Y is a user. X charges 1 Ether per minute. Now X wants Y to pay money every minute while watching the video. Of course, Y can broadcast the transaction every minute, but there are some problems here, such as X has to wait for confirmation, so the video will be interrupted for a while. Payment channels can solve this problem. Using a payment channel, Y can broadcast a lock transaction that locks some ether (say 100 ether) for X for a period of time (say 24 hours). Now every time you watch a minute of video, Y will send a signature record indicating that it can be unlocked, one Ether will enter X's account, and the rest will enter Y's account. After another minute, Y will send a signature record indicating that it can be unlocked, two ether coins will go into X's account, and the rest will go into Y's account. This process will continue while Y watches the video on the X website. Now assume that Y has finished reading 1When the 00 hour video or 24 hours is up, X will broadcast the final signature record to the network to receive the money into his account. If X does not withdraw the money within 24 hours, the full amount will be returned to Y. So in the blockchain, we will see two types of transactions: lock and unlock.
Sybil attack
51% attack
Supplement: Large data cannot be stored. There are currently distributed storage methods such as Swarm and IPFS to choose from
Put all Everything is stored in memory, so once the node is restarted, the previous state will be lost.
Default listening port: 8545
⑹ Ask for blockchain learning materials
"New Economic Blueprint and Introduction"
Published: 2016
Recommendation: This book is mainly for programmers. Combined with API programming, it tells you the principles and usage of cryptocurrency, and how to develop related software. For non-programmer readers, the first few chapters of this book are still applicable as an in-depth introduction to Bitcoin. Book download
⑺ Personal understanding and reflections on blockchain technology
It has only been less than 3 months since I got to know blockchain and started to understand blockchain. From my limited understanding and knowledge I came up with some ideas. The following are some of my personal views and associations about the latest technology of blockchain.
The first feature of blockchain is its encryption method. A 256-bit hash algorithm is used. According to current technology, it is impossible to reverse crack. In other words, no one has the ability to open a lock without a key. This doesn't exist in the real world. In today's world, no matter how strong the lock is, it can be cracked. This technology solves one of the most important issues, which is privacy protection and security. From this technology, we can see that everyone in today's society actually has no sense of security. When it comes to a sense of security, everyone may think of it as physical safety. In fact, the word safety exists in every aspect of our lives. Blockchain technology first solves security problems with technology. This also makes everyone believe in his absolute safety. The first consensus emerged.
The second feature is decentralization. Human society has been centralized from the day it was established. The formation of tribes, families, nations, armies, and states. They are all manifestations of centralization.
Centralization means concentration of management. In this process of centralization of management, the whole world is pursuing democracy, giving rise to democratic centralism. Various forms of democracy are actually just conceptual manifestations. True democracy is difficult to form in a centralized structure. Looking at all the advanced social systems in the world, they are not true democracies. First of all, I think democracy cannot be hierarchical. In other words, it cannot be top-down. democracyIt is the best embodiment of equality. Human beings have been pursuing freedom and equality for thousands of years. Discover that absolute freedom and equality are impossible to achieve. So from the moment the decentralized concept of blockchain emerged. The idealistic concept of freedom and equality seems to be emerging. Let the whole society see the possibility of realizing freedom, equality and democracy. Although decentralization is an ideal, there is a glimmer of hope in the ideal. Everyone started to get excited. The current hype over cryptocurrencies such as Bitcoin is clearly beside the point. But it was really made possible by a group of idealists. It is this group of fanatical blockchain believers. Let blockchain influence the entire cryptocurrency market.
