区块链技术行业标准是什么,区块链技术行业标准最新

『一』Blockchain Information Service Management Regulations

Article 1 is to regulate blockchain information service activities, safeguard national security and social public interests, and protect citizens and legal persons. and other organizations' legitimate rights and interests, to promote the healthy development of blockchain technology and related services, in accordance with the "Cybersecurity Law of the People's Republic of China", "Internet Information Services Management Measures" and the "State Council's Authorization of the National Internet Information Office to be responsible for the management of Internet information content" Notice" to formulate these regulations. Article 2 Those engaged in blockchain information services within the territory of the People's Republic of China must comply with these regulations. If laws and administrative regulations provide otherwise, such provisions shall prevail. The term “blockchain information services” as mentioned in these regulations refers to the provision of information services to the public through Internet websites, applications, etc. based on blockchain technology or systems. The term "blockchain information service provider" as mentioned in these regulations refers to the entities or nodes that provide blockchain information services to the public, as well as the institutions or organizations that provide technical support to the entities of blockchain information services; the term "blockchain" as mentioned in these regulations refers to Chain information service users refer to organizations or individuals who use blockchain information services. Article 3 The Cyberspace Administration of China shall be responsible for the supervision, management and law enforcement of blockchain information services nationwide in accordance with its duties. The Internet Information Offices of provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government are responsible for the supervision, management and law enforcement of blockchain information services within their respective administrative regions according to their duties. Article 4 encourages blockchain industry organizations to strengthen industry self-discipline, establish and improve industry self-discipline systems and industry standards, guide blockchain information service providers to establish and improve service specifications, promote the construction of industry credit evaluation systems, and supervise blockchain information service providers Provide services in accordance with the law, accept social supervision, improve the professional quality of blockchain information service practitioners, and promote the healthy and orderly development of the industry. Article 5 Blockchain information service providers shall implement information content security management responsibilities and establish and improve management systems for user registration, information review, emergency response, and security protection. Article 6 Blockchain information service providers shall have technical conditions suitable for their services. For information content prohibited by laws and administrative regulations, they shall have immediate and emergency response capabilities and technical solutions for the release, recording, storage, and dissemination of information content prohibited by laws and administrative regulations. It should comply with relevant national standards and specifications. Article 7 Blockchain information service providers should formulate and disclose management rules and platform conventions, sign service agreements with blockchain information service users, clarify the rights and obligations of both parties, and require them to promise to abide by legal regulations and platform conventions. Article 8 Blockchain information service providers shall, in accordance with the provisions of the "Cybersecurity Law of the People's Republic of China", collect the real identity information of blockchain information service users based on organizational codes, ID number or mobile phone number, etc. Certification. If users do not authenticate their real identity information, blockchain information service providers shall not provide relevant services for them. Article 9 If a blockchain information service provider develops and launches new products, new applications, or new functions, it shall report them to the national and provincial, autonomous region, or municipality Internet Information Office for security review in accordance with relevant regulations.Full assessment. Article 10 Blockchain information service providers and users shall not use block chain information services to engage in activities that endanger national security, disrupt social order, infringe upon the legitimate rights and interests of others, or other activities prohibited by laws and administrative regulations, and shall not use block chain information services to produce , copy, publish, and disseminate information content prohibited by laws and administrative regulations. Article 11 Blockchain information service providers shall fill in the name, service category, service form, and application of the service provider through the Blockchain Information Service Registration Management System of the Cyberspace Administration of China within ten working days from the date of provision of services. Domain, server address and other information, and complete the filing procedures. If a blockchain information service provider changes its service items, platform URL, etc., it shall go through the change procedures within five working days from the date of change. If a blockchain information service provider terminates its services, it shall go through the cancellation procedures thirty working days before terminating its services and make appropriate arrangements. Article 12 After receiving the filing materials submitted by the filing party, the national and provincial, autonomous region, and municipality Internet Information Offices shall, if the materials are complete, be filed within twenty working days, issue a filing number, and pass the filing through the State Internet Information Office District The blockchain information service filing management system publishes filing information to the public; if the materials are incomplete, the filing will not be granted, and the filing person will be notified within twenty working days and the reasons will be explained. Article 13 Blockchain information service providers that have completed registration shall indicate their registration number in a prominent position on the Internet websites, applications, etc. that provide services to the outside world. Article 14 The Internet Information Office of the state and provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government shall conduct regular inspections of blockchain information service registration information. Blockchain information service providers shall log in to the blockchain information service registration management system within the specified time and provide relevant information. Article 15 If the blockchain information services provided by a blockchain information service provider have potential information security risks, they must make rectifications and comply with laws, administrative regulations and other relevant provisions and relevant national standards before they can continue to provide information services. Article 16 Blockchain information service providers shall take warning, function restriction, account closure and other disposal measures against blockchain information service users who violate laws, administrative regulations and service agreements in accordance with the law and contract, and deal with illegal information content Take corresponding measures in a timely manner to prevent the spread of information, save relevant records, and report to the relevant competent authorities. Article 17 Blockchain information service providers shall record information such as content and logs released by blockchain information service users, record backups shall be kept for no less than six months, and shall be provided when relevant law enforcement authorities inquire according to law. Article 18 Blockchain information service providers shall cooperate with the supervision and inspection implemented by the cybersecurity and informatization department in accordance with the law, and provide necessary technical support and assistance. Blockchain information service providers should accept social supervision, set up convenient complaint and reporting portals, and handle public complaints and reports in a timely manner. Article 19 Blockchain information service providers violate Article 5, Article 6, Article 7, Article 9, Article 11, Paragraph 2, Article 13, Article 15, Article 10 of these Regulations As stipulated in Articles 7 and 18, the state shallThe Internet Information Office of the province, autonomous region, or municipality directly under the Central Government shall give a warning in accordance with their duties and order them to make corrections within a time limit. The relevant business shall be suspended before making corrections; if they refuse to make corrections or the circumstances are serious, they shall also be fined not less than RMB 5,000 but not more than RMB 30,000; if it constitutes a crime, they shall be punished in accordance with the law. Be held criminally responsible. Article 20 If a blockchain information service provider violates the provisions of Articles 8 and 16 of these Regulations, the Internet Information Office of the country and provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government shall, in accordance with their duties and in accordance with the provisions of the Cybersecurity Law of the People's Republic of China, be processed. Article 21 If a blockchain information service provider violates the provisions of Article 10 of these Provisions by producing, copying, publishing, or disseminating information content prohibited by laws and administrative regulations, the Internet Information Office of the country, provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government shall, on the basis of Responsibilities include giving a warning and ordering correction within a time limit, and relevant business should be suspended before correction; if the violation is refused or the circumstances are serious, a fine of not less than RMB 20,000 but not more than RMB 30,000 will be imposed; if a crime is constituted, criminal liability shall be pursued in accordance with the law. If users of blockchain information services violate the provisions of Article 10 of these Provisions and produce, copy, publish, or disseminate information content prohibited by laws and administrative regulations, the national and provincial, autonomous region, and municipality Internet Information Offices shall, in accordance with relevant laws and administrative regulations, regulations will be dealt with. Article 22 If a blockchain information service provider violates the provisions of Article 11, Paragraph 1 of these Regulations, fails to perform registration procedures in accordance with these Regulations or fills in false registration information, the Internet Information Office of the country, province, autonomous region, or municipality directly under the Central Government shall In accordance with their duties, they shall be ordered to make corrections within a time limit; if they refuse to make corrections or the circumstances are serious, they shall be given a warning and fined not less than RMB 10,000 but not more than RMB 30,000. Article 23 Those who engage in blockchain information services before the promulgation of these regulations shall complete relevant procedures in accordance with these regulations within twenty working days from the date when these regulations come into effect. Article 24 These regulations will come into effect on February 15, 2019.

『二』What is the country’s policy on blockchain

Currently, the country has a recognized attitude towards blockchain technology and supports the research and development of independent blockchain technology. Encouraged, the country’s expectations for the blockchain industry are to be supported by specific implementation and application values. The future expectation for blockchain is that blockchain will become a breakthrough for independent innovation of core technologies. And blockchain is legal. Blockchain is a term in the field of information technology. In essence, it is a shared database, and the data or information stored in it has the characteristics of being unforgeable, leaving traces throughout the process, traceable, open and transparent, and collectively maintained.
1. The composition of the blockchain system:
1. Data layer
2. Network layer
3. Consensus layer
4. Incentive layer
5. Contract layer
6. Application layer
2. Types of blockchain
1. Public blockchain
2. Industry blockchain
3. Private blockchain
3. Blockchain Features
1. Decentralization. Blockchain technology does not rely on additional third-party management agencies or hardware facilities. There is no central control. Except for the self-contained blockchain itself, it is distributed throughIt adopts formal accounting and storage, and each node realizes information self-verification, transmission and management. Decentralization is the most prominent and essential feature of blockchain.
2. Openness. The foundation of blockchain technology is open source. In addition to the private information of the transaction parties being encrypted, the data of the blockchain is open to everyone. Anyone can query the blockchain data and develop related applications through the public interface. Therefore, the entire System information is highly transparent.
Legal basis:
"Civil Code of the People's Republic of China"
Article 123 Civil subjects enjoy intellectual property rights in accordance with the law. Intellectual property rights are the exclusive rights enjoyed by obligees in accordance with the law with respect to the following objects:
(1) Works;
(2) Inventions, utility models, and designs;
(3) Trademarks;
( 4) Geographical indications;
(5) Trade secrets;
(6) Integrated circuit layout designs;
(7) New plant varieties;
(8) Other objects specified by law

『三』Tencent takes the lead in establishing the first international standard project for blockchain digital collections

Specifically, this international standard will establish the technical architecture of digital collection services based on blockchain The standardization of technical processes, functional requirements and security requirements will help promote global recognition and consensus on the overall technical framework of digital collection services, enhance the value storage, value discovery and value transfer capabilities of digital collections, and promote the development of digital collections. Standardized application.

It is reported that the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is one of the three major international standardization organizations. Its members include more than 190 countries and more than 900 companies and academic institutions. It is the most influential and participating country and academic institution in the world. One of the most authoritative national standards organizations with the largest number of members. The successful establishment of this international standard project also marks that the technological exploration of my country's technology companies in the field of digital collections has been internationally recognized.

In fact, Tencent currently has rich practical experience in the field of digital collections. In July 2021, the Tencent Zhixin Chain team took the lead in launching the compliant and open digital collection technology service "Yuan Commodity Agreement" in China, which can accommodate various businesses to build a digital collection application platform based on the agreement. Only half a year after its launch, the Zhixin Chain team has successively supported the implementation of 30+ digital collection projects, including the "Fu" cultural digital collection project of the People's Cultural and Creative Industries, the public welfare digital cultural creation project of Dunhuang Research Institute, Tencent QQ music digital collection platform, Xiao Red Book R-SPACE collection platform, China Literature Digital Collection Platform, Tencent SSV “Dreams in Painting” digital charity project, etc.

At the same time, in terms of promoting compliance in the digital collection industry, Tencent has been actively advocating and participating in the formulation of various industry self-discipline conventions, white papers, and industry standards to promote the standardized development of the industry. In September 2021, Tencent took the lead in establishing a project at the China Blockchain Technology and Industry Development Forum and formulating the group standard of "Blockchain Technology Digital Cultural Creation Application Specifications"; on October 31, 2021,Tencent and the National Copyright Exchange Center Alliance, China Academy of Art, Ant Group, etc. jointly released the "Self-Discipline Convention for the Digital Cultural and Creative Industry"; on December 22, 2021, the "Blockchain-Based Digital Collection Research Report" with Tencent's core participation was released by China Released by the Academy of Information and Communications Technology at the Trusted Blockchain Summit.

Reviewed by: Tan Lugang

『四』Does blockchain have international standards for data security?

Yes, the " The integration technology standard P3227 "Blockchain + Federated Computation" "Standard for a Reference Framework of Data Security Circulation System Based on Blockchain and Federated Computation" (Data Security Circulation Reference Framework based on Blockchain and Federated Computation) was published by the IEEE Standards Association Officially adopted by the Standards Board (IEEE SASB) General Assembly.

『五』What is the standardization of blockchain technology

In September 2016, the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) established the Blockchain and Distributed Accounting Technology Committee (ISO /TC 307), responsible for developing international standards in the field of blockchain and distributed accounting technology. In March 2017, China Electronics Technology Standardization Institute assumed the role of ISO/TC 307 domestic technical counterpart unit. In December 2019, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology organized the establishment of the National Blockchain and Distributed Accounting Technology Standardization Technical Committee. The unit responsible for the secretariat is the China Electronics Technology Standardization Institute. Currently, the China Electronics Technology Standardization Institute is responsible for testing the software of blockchain systems to see if they comply with blockchain standards. After passing the test, relevant certificates will be issued. The Shenzhen blockchain industry will accelerate the development of standardization. On June 11, 2020, the 4th China Blockchain Development Competition and Blockchain National Standards and System Testing Standards Guangdong Seminar were held in Shenzhen. The first blockchain standardization evaluation workstation that can professionally conduct national standard application testing Shenzhen was the first to be established.

『Lu』What is blockchain technology? What exactly is blockchain?

In a narrow sense, blockchain is a way to store data in a chronological order. A chained data structure composed of blocks connected in sequence, and a cryptographically guaranteed distributed ledger that cannot be tampered with or forged.

Broadly speaking, blockchain technology uses block chain data structures to verify and store data, uses distributed node consensus algorithms to generate and update data, and uses cryptography to ensure data transmission and access. It is a new distributed infrastructure and computing method that uses smart contracts composed of automated script codes to program and operate data securely.

[Infrastructure]

Generally speaking, the blockchain system consists of data layer, networkIt consists of layer, consensus layer, incentive layer, contract layer and application layer. Among them, the data layer encapsulates the underlying data blocks and related basic data and basic algorithms such as data encryption and timestamps; the network layer includes distributed networking mechanisms, data dissemination mechanisms, and data verification mechanisms; the consensus layer mainly encapsulates network nodes Various consensus algorithms; the incentive layer integrates economic factors into the blockchain technology system, mainly including the issuance mechanism and distribution mechanism of economic incentives; the contract layer mainly encapsulates various scripts, algorithms and smart contracts, and is the core of the blockchain The basis of programmable features; the application layer encapsulates various application scenarios and cases of the blockchain. In this model, the chain block structure based on timestamps, the consensus mechanism of distributed nodes, economic incentives based on consensus computing power, and flexible programmable smart contracts are the most representative innovations of blockchain technology.

Extended information:

[Blockchain core technology]

Blockchain mainly solves the trust and security issues of transactions, so it addresses this issue Four technological innovations:

1. Distributed ledger means that transaction accounting is completed by multiple nodes distributed in different places, and each node records a complete account, so they all Can participate in supervising the legality of transactions and can also jointly testify for them.

The uniqueness of blockchain's distributed storage is mainly reflected in two aspects: First, each node of the blockchain stores complete data according to the block chain structure. Traditional distributed storage generally stores The data is divided into multiple parts for storage according to certain rules. Second, the storage of each node in the blockchain is independent and of equal status, relying on the consensus mechanism to ensure storage consistency, while traditional distributed storage generally synchronizes data to other backup nodes through the central node.

No node can record ledger data independently, thus avoiding the possibility of a single bookkeeper being controlled or bribed to record false accounts. Also because there are enough accounting nodes, theoretically speaking, the accounts will not be lost unless all nodes are destroyed, thereby ensuring the security of the accounting data.

2. Asymmetric encryption and authorization technology. Transaction information stored on the blockchain is public, but account identity information is highly encrypted and can only be accessed with authorization from the data owner. , thus ensuring data security and personal privacy.

3. The consensus mechanism is how all accounting nodes reach a consensus to determine the validity of a record. This is both a means of identification and a means of preventing tampering. Blockchain proposes four different consensus mechanisms, which are suitable for different application scenarios and strike a balance between efficiency and security.

The consensus mechanism of the blockchain has the characteristics of "the minority obeys the majority" and "everyone is equal". "The minority obeys the majority" does not entirely refer to the number of nodes, but can also be the computing power and the number of shares. Or other characteristic quantities that the computer can compare. "Everyone is equal" means that when a node meets the conditions, all nodes have the right to give priority to the consensus result and be directly affected by other nodes.The consensus may eventually become the final consensus result.

4. Smart contracts. Smart contracts are based on these trustworthy and non-tamperable data and can automatically execute some predefined rules and terms. Take insurance as an example. If everyone's information (including medical information and risk occurrence information) is true and trustworthy, it will be easy to automate claims settlement in some standardized insurance products.

In the daily business of insurance companies, although transactions are not as frequent as those in the banking and securities industries, the reliance on trusted data continues unabated. Therefore, the author believes that using blockchain technology from the perspective of data management can effectively help insurance companies improve their risk management capabilities. Specifically speaking, it is mainly divided into risk management of policyholders and risk supervision of insurance companies.

Blockchain-Network

『撒』 When did the blockchain industry have standards or guidelines?

September 2016 , the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) established the Blockchain and Distributed Accounting Technical Committee (ISO/TC 307), which is responsible for formulating international standards in the field of blockchain and distributed accounting technology. In March 2017, China Electronics Technology Standardization Institute assumed the role of ISO/TC 307 domestic technical counterpart unit. In December 2019, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology organized the establishment of the National Blockchain and Distributed Accounting Technology Standardization Technical Committee. The unit responsible for the secretariat is the China Electronics Technology Standardization Institute. Currently, the China Electronics Technology Standardization Institute is responsible for testing the software of blockchain systems to see if they comply with blockchain standards. After passing the test, relevant certificates will be issued. The Shenzhen blockchain industry will accelerate the development of standardization. On June 11, the 4th China Blockchain Development Competition and the Guangdong Seminar on Blockchain National Standards and System Testing Standards were held in Shenzhen. The first blockchain standardization evaluation workstation that can professionally conduct national standard application testing took the lead in Shenzhen. established.

『8』What are the applications of blockchain in the industry

Take the tourism industry as an example. Blockchain applications are mainly concentrated in travel, travel community reviews, digital identity management, and credit consumption. Application areas include management and tracking of pilots' professional certificates and qualifications, hotel and airline loyalty programs, reservation management, and consumption points management. In addition, with the development of blockchain, many related top domain names have been registered, which has had a relatively large impact on the domain name industry. In addition, blockchain also has applications in finance, games, entertainment and other fields.

『九』 What exactly does blockchain refer to and what disciplines or fields does it involve?

What is blockchain? Blockchain applications mainly include Internet technology and information content encryption algorithms, combined with appropriate rules and systems, to form a reliable system software infrastructure. The infrastructure here can be interpreted as the online environment. What does this trust mean? Database encryption methods can be divided into symmetric encryption algorithms and symmetric encryption. Symmetric encryption has higher security, but the response speed is faster thanslower. The elliptic curve encryption technology used in blockchain technology is the fastest method among non-asymmetric encryption algorithms. Therefore, the encryption algorithm of blockchain technology is very powerful and it can ensure the uniqueness of the customer's identity. In addition, the information in blockchain technology is also protected by data encryption and is difficult to forge.

The blockchain system avoids the above three problems. The behavior of each node is different from other nodes. The behavior of the node is determined by the program in advance. The regulations are stipulated, and the encryption algorithm ensures that every connection point cannot violate the regulations. This is the connotation of grassroots democracy in the system. Blockchain applications are generally used to build trading software, and it is necessary to ensure that the transaction information content is authentic, valid, traceable and cannot be tampered with. Each transaction information is verified and stored in a zone, and the blockchain information is encrypted through hashing technology to ensure that the information cannot be forged. This blockchain forms a transmission chain in chronological order. Each node has complete blockchain information. If the information content of some nodes is destroyed, the blockchain information will not be affected. This type of archival information method is called a distributed ledger.

In such a distributed ledger of blockchain technology, the actual operation of adding a new record and linking it to all nodes must be carried out according to certain rules, otherwise nothing will be true and effective. . This standard is the consensus mechanism of blockchain technology. In essence, a fair and equitable consensus mechanism should allow all nodes to improve the blockchain. When the contents of the added blockchains are different, they should be negotiated according to certain standards until the contents of a certain blockchain are accepted, and then all nodes will copy this blockchain. Instead of equalizing the amount, not all nodes can be added to the blockchain. Instead, a point eligible to be added to the new server block is selected based on certain criteria and the blockchain information added by the node is copied. Blockchain technology uses the latter, and since the election rules are open and transparent, the election ceremony will become the entire competition process.