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1. Energy Blockchain Research | Why do we need blockchain technology

When talking about blockchain technology with outsiders, they will always mention this issue: Why do we need blockchain? If you don’t answer it properly, even those who are interested may not want to know more, and it will make them think that blockchain does not bring anything new to the world.

In fact, blockchain technology has begun to get on the right track, and many industries have begun to use blockchain technology. Blockchain doesn’t always solve old problems in new ways. Compared with traditional methods, blockchain technology is safer, more cost-effective, and more transparent. This article will give answers to the above questions.

As we all know, the 21st century has brought about issues such as data breaches, misuse of personal information, and data insecurity. Blockchain combined with other technologies and services can help prevent some major information leaks and breaches because data is no longer stored in one place. If we want to truly understand how blockchain technology can help ordinary users, first, we must understand the types of services and platforms they use. For example:

Some blockchain companies are trying to replace all the products in the picture above. These attempted products are either decentralized or replaced by decentralized products. Many companies have shown time and time again that they don’t trust data and that users should get more out of it by selling their data to advertising companies.

The 2017 ICO boom swept the blockchain market, with hundreds of companies succeeding or failing seemingly overnight. But there are also benefits to this special investing period: Investors have learned how to spot innovative, high-quality companies. Some companies founded through ICOs still exist, while others raised funds during this period. The idea common to most companies is this: they allow users to control their data without interference or hosting. For example:

But is anyone really using these alternatives? The answer is yes, and it's growing well. Of course, some projects fail miserably and drag down the industry. After the ICO boom in 2017, if you pay a little attention, you will find that not all of these companies are successful. However, success often comes with failure.

Even some early projects that seemed very successful have gradually lost their former glory, such as CryptoKitties. But you can learn how to get better from failure. The entire industry, users, developers and investors learned a lesson in a previously oversaturated market: it learned how to get better. Users learned how to better allocate their time among many new projects; investors learned which projects to invest in; developers learned what works and what doesn’t; and the industry learned how much new development is sustainable of.

Good ideas are no longer enough. In addition, a job is neededProducts, dedicated user groups and concepts. This is why Brave, Antube, and Alfa are some of the most forward-thinking projects on the market today—they answer the big question of why we need blockchain.

Data is important. When surfing the Internet, most Internet users provide data. This data is collected, classified, and monetized by large corporations. From this they learn who the user is and why they are buying. How to get users to buy is the key to their success. Alfa, Brave, and Antube are three unique companies trying to give users more control over their data.

Brave aims to transform the browsing experience. Previously, most people installed ad-blocking software on their browsers, but Brave is about to change that. Instead, the ad becomes an interactive experience that captures the user's attention in a short period of time, and all parties benefit.

Users should have more control over their data, but relying solely on blockchain and tokens will not solve the problem. A new blockchain with built-in economics should be developed.

Back to the original question: Why do we need blockchain?

It’s all about data. In the past, we relied on organizations to save data, but now blockchain provides users with keys and immutable records.

There are many ways to track the progress of a company or institution, but the easiest way is often to go straight to the source. Twitter will update in real time (Brave, Alfa, Antube), and checking forums such as Reddit, Bitcointalk, and articles on Hacker Noon can also provide valuable information. Whichever way you choose to update, just remember this: we want “our” data to belong to “us” — that’s why we need blockchain.

National Energy Information Platform contact number: 010-65367702, email: [email protected], address: People’s Daily, No. 2 Jintai West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing

2. How to remove the fake and preserve the true in the blockchain

The era of barbaric growth is coming, which is both an opportunity and a challenge for the blockchain.
In recent years, blockchain has gradually developed into a hot topic. Especially in 2018, which has just entered, the concept of "blockchain" has appeared frequently in the business world. So what exactly is blockchain? Why is Liang Shiqiao, an entrepreneur and capitalist, so concerned?
Previously, many people thought that there was an equal relationship between blockchain and Bitcoin, but after in-depth understanding, they discovered , this is a wrong idea. To put it bluntly, blockchain is a distributed ledger, and Bitcoin uses blockchain technology to improve itself.
Blockchain is a decentralized technologyTechnology is like a country. In this country, the distribution of data information and rights between people is the same. There is no possibility of data fraud and no possibility of loss. Sharing mechanism and value exchange are both The big advantage is the power of blockchain.
Is blockchain becoming a new trend after Bitcoin?
As early as 2008, Satoshi Nakamoto published an article titled "Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System" on the forum. The concept of blockchain was first proposed in the article.
However, there have been constant controversies since the emergence of Bitcoin. The loudest opponents are Warren Buffett and Robert Shiller. Buffett, known as the "Stock God", made it clear that Bitcoin "will definitely not have a good outcome in the end." Of course, there are also voices of support. Wall Street tycoon Jamie Dimon believed that Bitcoin was a scam a year ago, but now he has overturned his previous view and believes that blockchain is real. Regardless of the final outcome, the development of Bitcoin has attracted more and more attention in recent years.
In 2013, Bitcoin skyrocketed 100 times from being worthless at the beginning. However, in the next two years, Bitcoin showed a sharp decline again. In 2014, it fell by no less than 70%. In 2015, it fell by more than 20% again. By 2016, Bitcoin entered an upward stage, and by 2017, it was resurrected. This roller coaster development not only brought losses to people, but also attracted more attention to the blockchain.
People love and hate Bitcoin. When Bitcoin becomes popular, as the core foundation and underlying architecture of Bitcoin, blockchain is gradually attracting people's attention. Blockchain is the key to supporting the formation of Bitcoin. The reason why Bitcoin can achieve such results is inseparable from the blockchain. Since every transaction in Bitcoin is recorded in a block-by-block ledger, this ledger is decentralized, and the blockchain serves as the "role" of the Bitcoin ledger. Bitcoin can be said to be the best application of blockchain, bar none.
Some time ago, Xue Manzi acquired this domain name, and in this transaction, Xue Manzi used Bitcoin to complete the transaction. This incident caused quite a stir in the circle. Recently, the frequency of use of Bitcoin in domain name transactions has been increasing, and what caused this phenomenon is the importance that capitalists attach to blockchain.
Previously, blockchain was only used by Bitcoin, but in recent years, as Bitcoin gradually spreads around the world, blockchain has begun to be applied in various projects, such as Ant Financial, JD.com, Internet and Tencent have gradually begun to apply blockchain technology. The authenticity and non-tampering nature of blockchain makes its application in other projects such as public welfare even more convenient. For example, Ant Financial has applied blockchain technology in "Hearing-impaired Children Regain a New Life", Tencent has launched the "Public Welfare Tracing Chain" and so on. By 2017, blockchain has begun to be widely used and has gradually formed a new trend.
The era of barbaric growth is coming, which is both an opportunity and a challenge for the blockchain
In DiThere is a sentence in Gens's "A Tale of Two Cities": "It was the best of times, it was the worst of times, it was the age of wisdom, it was the age of foolishness. People have all kinds of things in front of them, people have nothing in front of them; people have everything in front of them; people have nothing in front of them. People are going straight to heaven, and people are going straight to hell." Just like the blockchain, if you do it well, you will be the pioneer who participates in the changes of the times, if you do it poorly, you will usher in destruction.
Today, the blockchain is facing such a situation: the rapidly developing society and the emerging enterprises have brought many possibilities to the blockchain, which has attracted more attention and accelerated the development of the blockchain industry. The enterprise application of blockchain may usher in a new era.
Blockchain can be roughly divided into three types: private chain, alliance chain and public chain. Each blockchain corresponds to different scenario applications. The most critical difference between these blockchains is the degree of decentralization. Limit scope. Blockchain is also widely used due to its distributed recording of data, data cannot be tampered with, and is open and transparent. Different from the transmission of information on the Internet, the blockchain is the transmission of value, which can be said to be an upgrade of the Internet. Based on this, blockchain is considered to be another central technology that is very likely to cause a disruptive revolution after steam engines, electricity, and the Internet.
But the blockchain is not omnipotent:
Firstly, there is delay in the blockchain. Take transactions in Bitcoin as an example. Its effectiveness is affected by network propagation and takes ten minutes to complete. Be informed and recognized;
Secondly, the blockchain itself does not have the two functions of "modify" and "delete", which makes post-processing very troublesome if errors occur when recording data.
In addition to its own limitations, in the face of the complex enterprise market, blockchain, which has gradually become the new darling of the market, has also led to a series of "accidents" such as "coin speculation" and "pseudo-blockchain". .
In September last year, the country had banned the trading of virtual currencies such as Bitcoin and ICO, but the strong money-making effect has brought the currency speculation boom back to people's attention. First, Xunlei launched Wankecoin (now called LinkToken) in October, then Renren released the blockchain project "Renrenfang" and the token RRcoin, and Kodak launched Kodak Coin. Many companies have entered the blockchain development industry. currency, which makes the phenomenon of "coin speculation" sweep across again.
Currently, there is no shortage of money-making projects on the market. Companies are mixed in the blockchain application market. It is difficult for investors to distinguish the pros and cons of projects, and there are even situations where bad coins drive out good coins. In the market, "processing" of public data has become a social norm. For example, in order to attract more consumers and capitalists, companies will modify the data they publish accordingly to attract users to choose and Corporate investment.
In addition, some companies are trying to make money in the name of blockchain. After seeing the benefits brought by blockchain, some companies rushed to enter the market before they understood the operation of blockchain in order to be the first to enter this trend and obtain high profits; some even used blockchain gimmicks to do so. Make money wantonly and retreat quickly after obtaining high profits. This kind of blindnessThe behavior of applying blockchain has caused some companies that really want to apply and develop blockchain to gradually withdraw from the market, while some companies that mainly focus on making money are still active in the market, which has greatly affected the normal development trajectory of blockchain. .
Although the blockchain has the core technology to create new trends, because it is still in its infancy and is not mature enough in all aspects, it will still bring about various problems such as "coin speculation", which have become obstacles to the blockchain stumbling blocks to chain development.
Will the increase in entrants accelerate the bursting of the blockchain bubble?
Relevant data shows that from November 2015 to December 2017, the growth rate of blockchain-related occupations reached 631%. However, among this huge data, there are some companies that join the blockchain ranks with the mentality of “getting a quick buck and leaving”, disrupting the normal development of blockchain in the market and further promoting the bursting of the blockchain bubble. 's appearance.
Different from previous years, blockchain has developed very well in recent years, and its application scope has expanded to various fields such as finance, education, government, cloud computing, medical care, and insurance. As the number of entrants gradually increased, many irrationalities appeared in blockchain applications, causing batches of contestants to withdraw.
Recently, a WeChat group called "Blockchain without Sleep at Three O'Clock" has aroused heated discussion. In this group, some well-known people from the industry gathered to talk about blockchain and Bitcoin day and night. Have an in-depth discussion. Among this group of people, blockchain has basically become their “belief”. It seems that if you don’t understand blockchain, you will be eliminated by the times. This kind of blindly following the trend reflects not only people's anxiety about the development of the times, but also the market's strong demand for blockchain. Furthermore, the recent popularity of blockchain concept stocks has triggered more and more investors to enter the blockchain market, causing the blockchain market to expand rapidly and create bubbles.
Furthermore, since the blockchain is still in its infancy, there are still many aspects that need to be improved. At this time, it is tentative for companies and investors to enter the blockchain. Blockchain, a technology with revolutionary significance for the times, still needs to be gradually developed. Moving forward rashly will only push the blockchain that is originally on the right track further.
Regarding the understanding of the development of blockchain, Gartner consulting firm has previously analyzed relevant aspects: a new technology basically goes through five stages, namely the embryonic stage, the popular expansion stage, the bubble bursting stage, and the upward recovery. period, maturity period. According to Gartner's analysis in 2016, blockchain is already in a period of inflated expectations. At this time, it is in a period when the bubble is about to burst, and it will take 5 to 10 years before blockchain reaches maturity. .
Will blockchain become the key to the era of change?
2017 can be said to be the year of the explosion of blockchain, with various capitals getting involved in blockchain. Although it has brought many problems to the market, the role of blockchain in market development cannot be ignored. Recently, "Three Questions about Blockchain (Economic Hot Topics)", "Seizing the Opportunity of Blockchain" and ""Being a Leader in the Digital Economy" clearly stated the important role of blockchain in various fields of the market.
Issues such as delay, "pseudo-blockchain", and "coin speculation" will further attract people's attention after the blockchain bubble bursts, and more standardized market development will occur. Today, blockchain is still in its infancy. As more and more entrants enter the industry, a blockchain bubble is inevitable in the future. But after the bubble, blockchain will bring a disruptive experience to the market and usher in a new era.
Blockchain itself emphasizes "decentralization". In order to meet the ever-changing real needs, blockchain is upgrading to "multi-centering", which will completely break the data "island" and achieve comprehensive interconnection of information. situation. It can strengthen the trust security system, improve transaction efficiency, and meet the application needs of the increasingly developing era.
In short, the explosion of blockchain is inevitable. Its decentralized nature avoids the monopoly of Internet giants and brings development opportunities to many entrepreneurs and investors. But at the same time, based on blockchain, it can reduce transportation costs, is open and transparent, cannot be tampered with, has strong permeability and other properties, and is more convenient for market management. In the future business world, there will be a blockchain era that "removes fakes and preserves authenticity" .

3. Is the SAS blockchain legal?

The SAS blockchain is not legal. Five departments including the China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission issued a reminder saying that some criminals are using the name of "financial innovation" Under the banner of "blockchain", funds are absorbed through the issuance of so-called "virtual currencies", "virtual assets" and "digital assets", infringing on the legitimate rights and interests of the public. Such activities are not really based on blockchain technology, but are actually hyping up the blockchain concept to conduct illegal fund-raising, pyramid schemes, and fraud. They mainly have the following characteristics:

First, networked, cross-border The context is obvious. Relying on the Internet and chat tools for transactions, and using online payment tools to receive and disburse funds, risks have a wide scope and spread quickly.

Some criminals rent overseas servers to build websites and carry out illegal activities for domestic residents. Some individuals claim in chat tool groups that they have obtained investment quotas for high-quality overseas blockchain projects and can invest on their behalf, which is most likely a fraudulent activity. Most of the funds defrauded by these illegal activities flow overseas, making supervision and tracking difficult.

The second is that it is highly deceptive, tempting and concealable. They use hot concepts to create hype, and some also use celebrity "platforms" to promote, and use airdrops of "candy" as temptations, claiming that "the currency value will only rise but not fall" and "the investment cycle is short, the returns are high, and the risks are low", which is highly deceptive. .

In actual operation, criminals illegally make huge profits by manipulating the price trend of so-called virtual currencies behind the scenes and setting profit and withdrawal thresholds. In addition, some criminals also issue virtual currencies under various new names, or speculate on virtual currencies under the banner of the sharing economy, which is highly concealed and deceptive.

(3) Blockchain People’s Daily commentator extended reading

The key elements of blockchain services registered with the Cyberspace Administration of China: technically it is a blockchain, in form it is a website or APP, in terms of object it is the public, and in terms of content it is information services.

According to the requirements of practical operation and filing guidelines:

(1) Platform model based on public chain, alliance chain and BasS;

(2) Blockchain mining pool services;

(3) Online media and community platforms based on blockchain technology;

(4) Financial services and solutions based on blockchain technology ;

(5) Blockchain services and applications in the physical field. Once the above involves providing information services to the public, it will be included in the category of "blockchain information services" regulated by the "Regulations".

4. Four questions reveal the true identity of blockchain: What kind of technology is it?

Four questions reveal the true identity of blockchain: What kind of technology is it? What can be changed?
Do you have the feeling that all explanations of blockchain always make people feel confused and confused? Even Yang Kaisheng, the former president of the Industrial and Commercial Bank of China, who has studied blockchain for many years, bluntly stated at the Tsinghua University Blockchain Application and Investment Forum that blockchain is becoming increasingly incomprehensible, and the more it is talked about, the more mysterious it becomes.
Actually, blockchain is just a technology, not as omnipotent and mysterious as the legend says. Abandoning the buzzing technical terms and obscure professional terms, we try to uncover the true identity of blockchain hidden behind the veil through these four questions.
1Q
What kind of technology is blockchain?
Blockchain is a very important patch in the history of the development of the Internet
What exactly is blockchain?
The "China Blockchain Technology and Application Development White Paper 2016" issued under the guidance of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology explains: Broadly speaking, blockchain technology uses block chain data structures to verify and store data, and uses distributed node consensus algorithms. A new distributed infrastructure and computing paradigm that generates and updates data, uses cryptography to ensure the security of data transmission and access, and uses smart contracts composed of automated script codes to program and operate data.
In the book "Link to the Future", the author writes more simply and clearly, "In a nutshell, blockchain is a technology that can significantly reduce the cost of credit in commercial society. Blockchain as a Once the data in a distributed account book is recorded, it will be saved forever and cannot be changed."
The weak centralization and non-tampering properties of blockchain have always been the most valued by blockchain enthusiasts Two major characteristics. According to industry insiders, this will solve the trust problem to a great extent.
“If you say that blockchain can subvert everything, I think it’s too much.” Liu Siyu, founder of Top Found, believes that blockchain is a very important patch in the history of the development of the Internet. The Internet solves the problem of efficiency, and blockchain can solve the problem of fairness to a certain extent.
In his opinion, the incident of Facebook data theft caused people toWe attach great importance to data security, and if data and credit assets are put on the chain, no unauthorized centralized institution will be able to obtain these data. Users will have the right to control their own data, and data security will also be Get the protection you deserve.
Not only that, industry insiders believe that the fair future of blockchain may also be reflected in Token. Previously, this term was translated into "token", which is a virtual currency such as Bitcoin, but now the circle Insiders prefer to translate this word as "incentive mechanism."
“When Token is no longer a currency for speculation, but a reward mechanism for users on blockchain applications, then it will become a good solution to the issue of fairness.” An industry insider He said that Token is inevitably generated during the operation of blockchain technology. How to use it in the most reasonable manner is an issue that needs to be considered in future supervision and application projects.
However, can this kind of accounting-sharing technology really improve efficiency?
Further research is needed, at least for now. As Yang Kaisheng said, Bitcoin transaction settlement is completed seven or eight times per second, which is too slow. "Frankly speaking, in today's bank operation and management, this is difficult for banks to accept, and it is also unbearable for the majority of customers and the public."
In fact, there are already blocks that are better than Bitcoin With the emergence of chain processing methods, the industry generally believes that digital currencies such as Ethereum and EOS are superior to Bitcoin in terms of settlement capabilities and application development.
Tang Ling, founder and CEO of Zhigui Technology, predicted at the "Node·Symbiosis GBA Global Blockchain Technology Application Conference" that the next generation blockchain system should be a multi-chain, multi-economic model architecture. Cross-chain interaction ultimately requires a trusted database and a trusted data source.
2Q
What exactly can blockchain change?
At least many people believe that blockchain will restructure the financial system
Speaking of blockchain, everyone seems to be talking about how blockchain can change the world and is an important force leading the world's future technological development. But what exactly can blockchain change? Perhaps many important business formats will be restructured.
At least many people believe that blockchain will reconstruct the financial system of the current world. In fact, blockchain technology was born in finance, and it can solve the problem of integrity in financial transactions.
Financial people like to use bills as an example. In the past few years, it is not uncommon to hear that bills deposited in banks have been turned into newspapers, and bills worth hundreds of millions of dollars have disappeared. If you take advantage of the non-tamperable and traceable properties of blockchain, then such absurd things will not happen.
Industry insiders believe that blockchain finance can implement contract principles and solve trust issues through technical methods. Through consensus protocols and programmable smart contracts, mutual trust and credit can be established, commercial terms agreed upon by all parties to the transaction can be formulated and executed, legal rules and regulatory control nodes can be introduced to ensure that value exchange complies with contract principles and legal norms, and avoids Unpredictable trading risks.
Industry insiders generally believe that blockchain uses technological trust to enhance commercial credit and is conducive to maintaining financial integrity. It will have an impact on many aspects such as payment, credit reporting, currency form, etc.
In addition to finance, industry insiders generally believe that blockchain may also play a role in insurance, medical care, education, real estate, even judicial activities, charity and other aspects to establish a more transparent and secure network system.
3 Questions
How far has the blockchain developed?
It is still at an early stage of development, but some companies are using the guise of blockchain to promote themselves
“No matter how you look at it, blockchain can generate great value in the future, which is why all People are actively researching it." Li Feng, head of Internet Financial Blockchain, said, but the current research and application of blockchain technology are only in the experimental stage, and the current blockchain technology does have great shortcomings.
According to Li Feng, from the perspective of the technical level of the industry, there is still a lot of room for improvement in terms of the performance of blockchain technology, its integration with business, and its underlying technology algorithms. Today, the infrastructure for blockchain is still not complete, and blockchain still has a long way to go before it can be widely used.
In fact, looking at the layout of the three Internet giants BAT on the blockchain, some applications have begun to be gradually implemented. But most are still in the research and development stage.
Since 2016, Alibaba has been trying to use blockchain technology in charity tracking, cross-border food supply chain, medical and other fields. And last year, it established the "BASIC" strategy and opened up blockchain technology. This year, Alibaba also launched the luxury goods platform Luxury Pavilion. The raw material production process, circulation process, and marketing process of goods are all written into the blockchain.
Tencent Cloud released a blockchain TBaaS white paper in early April this year, establishing blockchain services based on Tencent Cloud. At the same time, Tencent also established a joint laboratory with the Bank of China last year, and the two parties will conduct comprehensive cooperation based on blockchain, big data and other aspects.
It is worth noting that research on blockchain technology is still ongoing. The industry generally believes that blockchain technology is still at an early stage of development, but there are indeed some companies that are hyping themselves under the guise of blockchain.
4Q
What opportunities can blockchain bring?
This feast will obviously no longer belong to speculators
In February this year, the "People's Daily" article on blockchain ignited the country's enthusiasm for blockchain technology. Dou Jiali, a researcher at Peking University Guanghua Financial Technology Laboratory, wrote in the People's Daily that the birth of blockchain will significantly reduce the cost of value transmission and once again greatly liberate productivity. We should seize the opportunity of blockchain.
At the 2018 Boao Sina Finance Night·Zhenghe Island Night Talk, Xunlei Group CEO Chen Lei said that the innovation of blockchain has changed the social organizational structure and given China an opportunity to surpass the United States and Western countries. "In the development process of electronic industry, communication industry and Internet industry, China started later than the United States and Western countries. Blockchain is really a very important opportunity because China started almost at the same time as the Western world. ”
Wu Ying, chairman of Zhongze Jiameng Investment Fund, believes that the opportunities brought by blockchain are beyond the imagination of many people and are dozens, hundreds or even thousands of times those in the early days of the Internet. .
In Wu Ying’s view, capital should support those “real entrepreneurs”. In the field of blockchain, the so-called real entrepreneurs are not only those who “want to do things for a long time”, but more importantly, those who are “technical” People." He believes that blockchain is very suitable for people who really understand Internet technology to start a business. They start from making products and start from the lowest technology, and they can indeed build a new blockchain technology platform.
However, This feast will obviously no longer belong to speculators: for ordinary investors, the blockchain concept may no longer be an easy place to make money. Wu Xiaobo, a famous financial commentator, predicts that the retail blockchain craze will become the largest of the year. investment joke. He believes that the financial derivatives of investment opportunities seem to give everyone the opportunity to share the dividends of technological change, but in fact, it is more of a trap for speculators.
In other words, only by returning to technology itself and developing technology instead of using self-deception can technology be truly applied to the world, and technology can maximize its value in serving people. Only then can it bring practical and effective benefits to the further development of China's economy. .

5. Energy Blockchain Research | Blockchain can help us fight climate change

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Blockchain can help us fight climate change

·Smart contracts run on the basis of blockchain, which can unlock many new ways to deal with climate change and solve its problems. The future impact.

·To achieve this requires a value intermediary network, which can help the blockchain collect information from the real society and interact with it.

Note: Oracles (value intermediaries) Providing data to smart contracts is the bridge between the real world and the blockchain.

Smart contracts allow people to design globally accepted and fully automated incentive systems that directly reward participation in sustainable practices individuals, companies and governments. These practices include: regenerative agriculture, carbon offsets, crop insurance, etc. In promoting global green actions, smart contracts have greatly motivated participants.

Initial obstacles

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The development of green smart contracts is hindered, mainly due to the inability of blockchain to interact with information from various regions in the real world, including the environment. However, in recent years, through the integration of global data into the blockchain Oracle mechanisms, physical companies can finally put into production.

For example, these oracle mechanisms can now integrate agricultureThe information set is published directly to the blockchain, and smart contract developers can eventually develop a series of small programs on food yields, soil quality, climate reporting, carbon offsets, and more. As more and more environmental data sets, such as weather patterns or Internet of Things (IoT) sensor readings, are fed into the blockchain, developers are beginning to develop a wide range of environmentally friendly smart contract applications.

The following are three related examples

1

Regenerative agriculture

Smart contracts allow ordinary people to participate in the fight against climate change One of the most important ways, it promotes the development of regenerative agriculture and makes regenerative agriculture possible.

Smart contracts can interact with real-world information to autonomously reward those who develop important land.

For example, the Green World Campaign is working with Cornell University to build a smart contract that can automatically reward those who pass satellite information through People who have successfully regenerated land by increasing vegetation cover, improving soil, etc.

Value intermediaries can also extract data from satellite images and trigger smart contracts built on the blockchain to ensure that people receive rewards fairly and transparently.

2

Transforming consumer awareness

Smart contracts can support environmentally conscious individuals and organizations. For example, if a person successfully triggers a reforestation smart contract, they can be paid in the form of carbon credits that can be sold to charities, crowdfunding, or even companies that have a positive impact on the environment.

Smart contracts can also provide environmentally conscious consumers with more choices in energy consumption.

For example, decentralized energy grids like the Brooklyn Microgrid Projectare could use smart contracts and blockchain as a coordination mechanism to allow consumers and their neighbors to take advantage of solar energy Generate electricity and generate transactions. Buying and selling solar credits among neighbors can reduce energy transportation costs and greenhouse gas emissions.

While many consumers are already changing their consumption habits, broader social behavioral shifts may require a combination of monetary incentives and sustainable choices among consumers. By using smart contracts connected to real-world data, different spending habits trigger different reward and punishment mechanisms. This will promote changes in consumer behavior.

3

Hedging risks by insuring crops

Climate change is altering weather patterns around the world. The vast majority of farmers around the world are uninsured, leaving their crops extremely vulnerable to weather conditions such as heavy rain, drought, and strong winds.

Adverse weather conditions can cause financial losses to farmers, devastate their families, and cause farmland to be damaged and abandoned.

Fortunately, smart contracts can detect changing climates through value intermediaries and propose solutions.

Using smart contracts, farmers can insure their land, stipulating predefined conditions for the contract to be effective (such as a certain amount of rainfall); they can then detect weather patterns through a value intermediary.

If the value intermediary detects that the conditions have been met, the farmer automatically gets a sum of money.

Smart contracts communicate climate information through value intermediaries, allowing farmers to protect their property with just a smartphone.

Outlook

The combination of blockchain and value intermediary opens up a new era of smart contracts, which can create a new incentive model for sustainable human energy consumption. . As discussions about climate change continue to escalate, it’s important to understand that the impact of this industry on the environment will go far beyond the consensus mechanisms of any one project.

National Energy Information Platform contact number: 010-65367702, email: [email protected], address: People’s Daily, No. 2 Jintai West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing

6. Wisdom What is parking

Smart parking refers to the comprehensive application of wireless communication technology, mobile terminal technology, GPS positioning technology, GIS technology, etc. to the collection, management, query, reservation and navigation services of urban parking spaces to realize parking The real-time update, query, reservation and navigation services of space resources are integrated to maximize the utilization of parking space resources, maximize the profits of the parking lot and optimize the parking services for car owners.

The "wisdom" of smart parking is reflected in: "smart parking space + automatic payment of parking fees." Serving car owners' daily parking, staggered parking, parking space rental, car aftermarket services, reverse car search, and parking space navigation.

(6) Blockchain People’s Daily commentator extended reading:

The purpose of smart parking is to make it easier for car owners to find parking spaces, including offline , online wisdom in both aspects. Online intelligence is reflected in car owners using mobile APP, WeChat, and Alipay to obtain parking lots at designated locations, parking space availability information, charging standards, availability of reservations, charging, sharing and other services, and realize pre-payment and online checkout functions. .

Smart parking is not a new concept. 2015 is known as the first year of smart parking in China. This concept attempts to realize online inquiries and parking reservations through technical support, and supports induced parking, reverse car search, and smart payment. The primary purpose of developing smart parking is to solve parking information asymmetry.

Accelerating the development of smart parking has become an important sub-topic in building smart cities, testing the technological innovation capabilities of enterprises and urban operations.Use the modern governance capabilities of Internet + traffic management. If every city can implement city-level smart parking solutions, it will not only help resolve the congestion caused by parking inconvenience, but also hope to alleviate urban traffic congestion and make the city more calm.

7. How to do blockchain

It is necessary to establish the data layer, network layer, consensus layer, incentive layer, contract layer and application layer.

1. The data layer encapsulates the underlying data blocks and related data encryption and timestamps and other basic data and basic algorithms;

2. The network layer includes distribution

3. The consensus layer mainly encapsulates various consensus algorithms of network nodes;

4. The incentive layer integrates economic factors Into the blockchain technology system, it mainly includes the issuance mechanism and distribution mechanism of economic incentives;

5. The contract layer mainly encapsulates various scripts, algorithms and smart contracts, which is the programmable feature of the blockchain The basis;

6. The application layer encapsulates various application scenarios and cases of the blockchain.

(7) Blockchain People’s Daily Commentator Extended Reading

General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized during the 18th collective study session of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee, “Take blockchain as a core technology An important breakthrough for independent innovation” and “accelerating the development of blockchain technology and industrial innovation”.

The forward-looking judgment of the Party Central Committee has brought "blockchain" into the public eye and has become a common concern for financial capital, the real economy and social public opinion.

From network power to big data, from media convergence to blockchain, the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee has collectively studied and aimed at the forefront of technological change, demonstrating the direction, forward-looking judgment and future foresight of the Party Central Committee, leading It follows the pace of China's industrial reform and economic transformation. This collective study by the Political Bureau of the Central Committee specifically emphasized "blockchain", which opened up imagination space for the development and application of blockchain.

From a technological perspective, blockchain involves many scientific and technical issues such as mathematics, cryptography, Internet and computer programming. From an application perspective, simply put, blockchain is a distributed shared ledger and database, which has the characteristics of decentralization, non-tampering, full traceability, traceability, collective maintenance, openness and transparency.

These characteristics ensure the "honesty" and "transparency" of the blockchain and lay the foundation for the blockchain to create trust. The rich application scenarios of blockchain are basically based on the ability of blockchain to solve the problem of information asymmetry and achieve collaborative trust and consistent action among multiple subjects.

8. In order to seize this trend, Tong Liya and Gao Xiaosong joined the "3 O'clock Sleepless" group, but Han Geng was kicked out

Recently, a "3 O'clock Sleepless" blockchain group ” (hereinafter referred to as the 3:00 Sleepless Group) has become popular in the investment circle!

According to China Entrepreneur Magazine, big names in the investment circle such as Sequoia Capital Shen Nanpeng, 360 Chairman Zhou Hongyi, angel investors Cai Wensheng and Xue Manzi are all here.In this group, there are even celebrities such as Gao Xiaosong, Tong Liya, Lin Yuner, and Han Geng.

This WeChat group, created on February 11, reached the upper limit of 500 members in less than a day. During the Spring Festival, it is said that the total amount of red envelopes in this group reached one million. However, this is not the main motivation for celebrities and big shots to join the group. It is even forbidden to publish information such as currency speculation and ICO in this group. People in the group mainly learn about the application prospects of blockchain technology.

I noticed that according to the definition of "China's Blockchain Technology and Application Development White Paper" issued by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, blockchain is a computer technology such as distributed data storage, point-to-point transmission, consensus mechanism, and encryption algorithm. Innovative application models in the Internet era.

Blockchain technology is considered to be a disruptive innovation in computing models after mainframes, personal computers, and the Internet, and is likely to cause a new technological innovation and industrial change on a global scale.

Today, with the price of Bitcoin “cutting in half” from its peak, and the strict supervision of countries such as China, the craze for “virtual currency” has begun to dissipate. However, as the underlying technology, blockchain is expected to be widely used in finance, supply chain management, manufacturing, Internet of Things and other fields in the future.

The group once distributed over one million red envelopes in seven days

The "3 O'clock Sleepless Blockchain Group" was originally founded by Yuhong on February 11. Yuhong had previously He is the main person in charge of 360 Games and is now the founder of SEEU & QYGAME, which launched the large-scale online game "Basic World" based on blockchain.

Since it was three o'clock in the morning when the group was first established, it was named the 3 O'clock Sleepless Blockchain Group.

In this WeChat group, known as the No. 1 blockchain information group, there are Sequoia Capital Shen Nanpeng, 360 Chairman Zhou Hongyi, angel investors Cai Wensheng, Xue Manzi, Fenbushi Capital partners Shen Bo, and even stars such as Gao Xiaosong, Tong Liya, Lin Yoona, and Han Geng.

Xue Manzi, Li Xiaolai, Chen Weixing, Shuai Chu and others are the earliest participants of the blockchain. Xue Manzi invested in Quantum Chain, Bytom Chain, and Mo Chain. Li Xiaolai is the first person in China to invest in Bitcoin and Ethereum. Chen Weixing also has his own fund and has invested in projects such as Huobi, Binance, and Tron. Shuai Chu is the founder of Quantum Chain.

Interestingly, the person who received the warmest welcome among those who joined the group was not the industry boss, but the film and television star Tong Liya. It is said that after Tong Liya was added to the group, there were hundreds of messages welcoming her to join. Tong Liya said that she is still a blockchainA beginner who hopes to learn more, and attached a big red envelope of 8,000 yuan.

Some inactive people in this group will be kicked out, such as Han Geng, No. 1 Matchmaker founder Mu Yan, Meitu CEO Wu Xinhong, etc. Those who remain in the group often engage in intense “mutual” discussions, and there are also some new members who are thirsty for knowledge and quickly absorb fresh knowledge about the blockchain.

On February 24, Chen Weixing in the group and Zhu Xiaohu, managing director of Jinshajiang Venture Capital, had a "mutual fight" around the blockchain.

The cause of the incident was that Zhu Xiaohu forwarded an article about blockchain in his circle of friends and said not to include him in various 3 o'clock groups. There are some outlets that he would rather miss and some money that he would rather not make. Otherwise, the late holiday will not be guaranteed.

This statement immediately aroused Chen Weixing's refutation. Chen Weixing asked, is the method of cutting leeks in equity investment more advanced than that in the currency circle? Is the bubble in the entire blockchain industry as high as the global stock market bubble? Zhu Xiaohu responded that ICO, a model that tests human nature, has never been successful.

Don’t talk about currency speculation, just talk about blockchain

Yuhong and the first industry tycoons Xue Manzi and Chen Weixing to join the group jointly set rules in the group: It is strictly prohibited to post news about currency speculation, ICO, etc. in the group. Therefore, the main topic of group chat is the application of blockchain technology.

Guo Hongcai is a well-known figure in the currency circle. He doesn’t know much about blockchain technology, but he became a rich man through currency speculation. He was kicked out of the group for the second time because he said in the group, "I'm here to make money anyway. Talking about technology is really meaningless... The biggest application of blockchain is currency speculation." After being kicked out, Guo Hongcai was unconvinced and sulked in another group, "They never talk about making money, they are too vain."

China has always been at the forefront of regulating virtual currency speculation.

In September last year, China completely banned the domestic Bitcoin trading platform business. This regulation also has an impact on global Bitcoin transactions.

On February 5 this year, the People’s Daily published another article discussing “currency speculation” and believed that all countries should strengthen coordinated supervision to prevent systemic risks.

People's Daily stated that in recent times, various conferences and exchange activities with the themes of blockchain, digital assets, and virtual currencies have emerged one after another, and crazes such as "coin speculation" and "disguised ICO" have also emerged one after another. Some people join the "coin speculators", hoping to obtain huge returns through short-term speculation. Since blockchain and virtual currencies can transcend national boundaries, countries should strengthen coordinated supervision, to prevent virtual currency transactions from causing systemic financial risks.

This is exactly what it is:

The virtual currency is booming,

and it is a series of sudden rises and sudden falls.

Beat the drum and spread the flowers, blow the big bubble,

There is an urgent need to regulate the cloud.

Blockchain has broad application prospects

According to the white paper of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, blockchain technology originated from a scholar with the pseudonym "Satoshi Nakamoto" published in 2008 The foundational paper "Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System".

In a narrow sense, blockchain is a chain data structure that combines data blocks in a sequential manner in chronological order, and is cryptographically guaranteed to be non-tamperable and Unforgeable distributed ledger.

Currently, blockchain technology is hailed by many large organizations as a major breakthrough technology that will completely change the way business and even organizations operate.

The widespread application of blockchain technology can enable "decentralization" to be realized at low cost.

When we send an email, what the other party receives is actually a copy of the email, which allows the information to be spread quickly. However, this approach cannot be replicated in applications in finance and other fields. For example, when you pay 100 yuan to the other party, you cannot copy and paste the 100 yuan currency in your hand to the other party.

Therefore, in today's society, transactions involving cash, securities, intellectual property rights, patents, carbon emission quotas, etc. must be solved with the help of a huge central institution (bank, third-party payment platform, etc.) Trust issues will increase transaction costs and slow down transactions. For example, we can send an email in a minute, but a transfer within the same city may take several days. Transferring funds from one country to another comes with high fees.

Canadian blockchain expert Don Tapscott believes that blockchain technology will change the world and make trust-building technology simple and easy to understand. He said that the popularity of blockchain technology means that we may no longer need a powerful central institution as a credit medium in the future. This is the next generation of the Internet, one that has the potential to transform our money, trade, government, and society.

9. Energy Blockchain Research｜The cryptocurrency mining industry is overloaded and triggers global controversy

The cryptocurrency mining industry is overloaded

Sparking global controversy (Part 1)

Blockchain enables data recording and storage in a secure and detailed manner, which has led many enthusiasts of the technology to say that the benefits of blockchain Applications are crucial to the development of the future power grid, in which distributed energy resources dominate. Consumers with different consumption capabilities use blockchain and related equipment to generate, store, purchase and sell electricity.

At the same time, there have been some problems with cryptocurrencies derived from blockchain and operating on the current grid.

The reason is that cryptocurrency mining puts a load on the grid, which has sparked controversy around the world over power distribution.

Basically, cryptocurrency miners perform the following tasks: verify cryptocurrency transactions and record these accounts in a distributed ledger, which then keeps track of all transactions involving cryptocurrency. They perform these tasks not out of altruism, but because the first miner to verify a transaction can be rewarded with a new cryptocurrency for recording it in the ledger and solving the mathematical problems associated with it.

Cryptocurrency mining requires significant computing power, in addition to large amounts of electricity, as the process is complex and involves competition among miners. This has led miners to set up shop in areas where electricity is cheap, which is not always popular.

Abkhazia has made huge efforts to attract outside investment to optimize the domestic power grid, but its controversial geographical location has played a negative role in this. However, at the same time, the region is rich in water and electricity resources, housing prices are not high, regulations are loose, and the government is in turmoil all year round. Therefore, the price of electricity in the region is low, which in turn attracts many cryptocurrency miners.

The combination of heavy loads on server farms run by cryptocurrency miners and Abkhazia's inadequate power infrastructure exacerbated the problem, prompting local grid operators to black out power for several days earlier this month. and called on the state to halt miners' operations until conditions on the grid improve.

Cryptocurrency miners have also caused some relatively minor controversy in the United States.

For example, low utility prices in upstate New York caused local cryptocurrency miners to use too much electricity, so the local utilities that served them had to purchase more, more expensive power. , and increase electricity prices for all customers. If miners could add some economic benefit to the communities where they build their factories, there might be less trouble. But the fact is that they don't do that, they neither employ many people nor invest a lot of money in the buildings they occupy. This led to the New York City Power Authority, which represents the state’s 36 municipalities, asking members of the New York State Public Service Commission (PSC) to develop new tariffs for high-density load customers such as cryptocurrency miners. In March 2018, Paul Ciamp, American Public Power AssociationAn article by Mr. Oli revealed that the PSC has tacitly approved of this approach.

National Energy Information Platform contact number: 010-65367702, email: [email protected], address: People’s Daily, No. 2 Jintai West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing