私有区块链存在的意义

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1. What is the meaning of blockchain

Blockchain is a new application model of computer technologies such as distributed data storage, point-to-point transmission, consensus mechanism, and encryption algorithm.

Blockchain is an important concept of Bitcoin. It is essentially a decentralized database. At the same time, as the underlying technology of Bitcoin, it is a series of cryptographic methods related to each other. Each data block generated contains a batch of Bitcoin network transaction information, which is used to verify the validity of the information (anti-counterfeiting) and generate the next block.

(1) Extended reading on the significance of the existence of private blockchain:

Types of blockchain

1. Public area Blockchain

Public BlockChains means: any individual or group in the world can send transactions, and the transactions can be effectively confirmed by the blockchain, and anyone can participate in its consensus process. .

Public blockchain is the earliest blockchain and the most widely used blockchain. The virtual digital currencies of all major bitcoins series are based on public blockchains. There is only one such blockchain in the world. The blockchain corresponding to the currency.

2. Consortium (Industry) Blockchain

Industry Blockchain (ConsortiumBlockChains): Multiple pre-selected nodes are designated as bookkeepers within a certain group. Each block The generation is jointly decided by all pre-selected nodes (the pre-selected nodes participate in the consensus process), and other access nodes can participate in transactions.

But don’t worry about the accounting process (it is essentially still managed accounting, it just becomes distributed accounting, how many nodes are pre-selected, and how to determine the accountant of each block to become the main owner of the blockchain) Risk point), anyone else can conduct limited queries through the API opened by the blockchain.

3. Private Blockchain

Private Blockchains (PrivateBlockChains): Only use the general ledger technology of the blockchain for accounting. It can be a company or an individual. With exclusive write access to the blockchain, this chain is not much different from other distributed storage solutions.

Traditional finance is trying to experiment with private blockchains, while public chain applications such as Bitcoin have been industrialized, and private chain application products are still being explored

2. What is a blockchain Blockchain, what is the role of blockchain?

It is very important to understand the blockchain, which is very important to see through various fake block chain scams.

If someone uses a bunch of professional terms to explain blockchain, it will be difficult for you to understand, and they may not really understand it themselves.

So, we first establish a psychological line of defense. Anyone who sells you concepts and uses a lot of unfamiliar technical terms may be a liar. Be very careful!

To understand blockchain, you must know what the core appeal of blockchain is. You imagine, today’s InternetIn a world where the Internet is highly developed, what are you most worried about?

Privacy, yes, privacy. How to protect privacy? You may be monitored at any time, and any of your personal information may be stolen at any time. If personal privacy is not absolutely protected, the Internet will become another pyramid of power. Who is standing on top of the pyramid? He is the smartest technical master, a platform provider, and an information regulator. You and I may be the people at the bottom of this pyramid.

The people who originally invented the blockchain had serious concerns about being completely swallowed up by the Internet, and tried to create an absolutely safe encryption technology to lock up personal privacy. This technology completely subverts traditional encryption technology. In fact, rather than locking up privacy, it is better to tear it into pieces and then distribute the pieces to different people for private keeping. Unless everyone agrees to take out the pieces and spell out the complete code, the truth cannot be revealed. This is the first mechanism of blockchain, which is decentralization.

But decentralization alone is not enough. Those who steal password fragments must also be given nowhere to hide, so that every action of the thief is recorded indelibly and spread everywhere on the Internet. , made public. This is the second mechanism of the blockchain, the non-anonymous mechanism. Do you think, who snoops into privacy is not sneaky?

To sum up, the blockchain is to hide privacy in a decentralized manner, record any actions that reproduce this privacy, and make it public. Seeing this, you may want to applaud the blockchain. Don't worry, how can there be such a good thing in the world? Is there any utopia that is absolutely safe? If blockchain can be realized in an absolute sense, will the existence of the government still be meaningful? Yes, blockchain was originally the embodiment of anarchy. Its ultimate meaning is destined to never be realized. Its survival may have to rely on power, and it is destined to become another beautifully packaged lie and a pretense to deceive others. In this sense, the government must also specify a framework for the development of the blockchain, reconstruct the value of the blockchain, and expel the anti-government and anti-national attempts contained in the blockchain. Some blockchain technologies can be used in concrete applications, but decentralization must not be promoted. In short, we must remain highly vigilant about blockchain. Beauty often hides its sting. Absolutely ideal recipes often turn out to be poison. The person who says he can absolutely protect your privacy and financial security is the real voyeur and vampire.

The best way to protect our privacy is to not have any privacy and live a completely open life, either like a sun or like a god of wine.

3. Is blockchain useful? What impact and prospects does blockchain have?

I believe everyone is no longer unfamiliar with the emerging technology of blockchain, because it is The most popular topic at the moment, many big names in different industries are analyzing its role and prospects. Today we also do some research on blockchain, is it useful and what are the benefits of blockchain? I hope this analysis of the impact and prospects can help everyone.
Is blockchain useful?
1. Banking: As a digital, secure and interference-proof account, blockchain realizes the core function of the banking industry: a safe storage and transfer center of value. In other words, in the next few years, a wave of companies based on blockchain technology may affect the banking industry.
2. Payment and transfer: Blockchain technology can avoid complicated systems and create a more direct payment process between the payer and the payee. Whether it is a domestic transfer or a cross-border transfer, this method has its advantages. Low price, fast, and no intermediate handling fees.
3. Network security: Although the blockchain system is public, its verification, sending and other data exchange processes use advanced encryption technology. This technology not only ensures the correct source of data, but also ensures that the data is not intercepted during the process. If blockchain technology is more widely used, the probability of being attacked by hackers may also decrease, so people believe that blockchain systems are more stable than traditional systems. One of the reasons why blockchain systems can reduce traditional network security risks is that they eliminate the need for middlemen.
4. Election: Everyone's vote "can never be modified or deleted by us - programmers, school administrators or students."
5. Smart contract: Smart contracts are actually on another object. A computer program that performs functions on the go. Like ordinary computer programs, smart contracts are also an "if-then" function, but blockchain technology enables the automatic filling of these "contracts" without manual intervention. Such contracts may eventually replace the legal merger industry's core business of drafting and managing contracts in both commercial and civil areas.
6. Stock trading: For many years, companies have been trying to simplify the process of buying, selling and trading stocks. Emerging blockchain technology startups believe they can go beyond the past, automating the entire process, improving security and efficiency.
What impact and prospects does blockchain have?
1. The dual impact of bringing wealth and risk:
The difference between blockchain technology and traditional Internet technology is that it chooses the high-risk financial industry as the entry point, but the financial field is full of Areas with many obstacles. Such direct entry has a dual impact: on the one hand, it can bring wealth effects to entrepreneurs relatively quickly; on the other hand, various risks will also come directly and violently.
2. Improve efficiency and reduce costs:
For physical finance, blockchain can maintain the fidelity in the process of transmitting information, such as personal credit information and other data, thereby avoiding many transaction costs and enabling large-scale Improve efficiency, this is the positive meaning it brings.
3. Control financial risks early and small:
Blockchain is cooperating with the innovation of digital currency, preventing over-insurance in the insurance industry, over-lending in bank mutual funds loans, and the integration of supply chain finance. , promote electronic identity recognition, etc., applicable to many industries and fields. In terms of financial security, many companies have also cooperated with regulatory authorities to build regulatory technology systems to help regulatory authorities monitor each other.Monitor and provide early warning for the risks of Internet-connected financial enterprises, and control financial risks early and at an early stage.
4. The owner of the data should be the user himself:
Blockchain is a technology worthy of attention, and it has relevant layouts in its own business and investment. Bitcoin and other electronic currencies are applications based on blockchain technology. They have certain currency functions and have certain use value. However, the main problem now is that the gap between the use value and the transaction price is too big. . ICO is a financing business model.
5. The darkest stage contains the most opportunities:
The darkest stage often contains the most opportunities. The application of blockchain is far more than just monetary and financial. For example, big data can be applied to the entire medical industry in the future. health field. If medical records and diagnosis data are shared to all different medical systems through the big data blockchain, the efficiency of treating diseases and saving lives can be greatly improved.
The editor believes that the correct development prospect of blockchain is to "talk less about financial innovation, focus more on financial security, focus more on inclusive finance, and do more on medical care, health, and environmental protection."
The above is the blockchain brought to you by the editor. Is it useful? What impact and prospects does blockchain have? of the entire content.

4. How important is blockchain

With its exquisite design concepts and thinking, blockchain can promote the reconstruction of rule systems in economic and social fields and change the relationship between people and The collaborative relationship and benefit distribution mechanism between people and organizations, organizations and organizations; at the same time, blockchain technology can effectively solve the "double spend problem", that is, to prevent the same digital asset from being reused due to improper operations.

This provides a solution to the problem of digital asset rights confirmation and transaction circulation, which can break through the problems such as digital asset rights confirmation and double spending that restrict digital development, and build Forming new production relations that adapt to the development of the digital economy has become the most important value of blockchain technology.

01 Reduce transaction intermediate links and promote cost reduction and efficiency improvement

There are a large number of rent-seeking intermediary organizations in various fields of economic and social life. Some of these organizations do not create real value, but only seek profits through the monopoly of business information or data. , artificially increasing unnecessary transaction links and costs.

Through the innovative application of blockchain, a self-organizing mechanism for economic behavior based on technology can be built to replace the business role of some intermediaries, which can greatly improve data acquisition. , consensus formation, accounting and reconciliation, and value transfer efficiency, further open up the upstream and downstream industrial chains, significantly reduce unnecessary intermediary organizations and intermediate links, improve the efficiency of effective docking of supply and demand in various industries, reduce the burden on the public and commercial entities, and promote Cost reduction and increase in real economyeffect.

02 Help confirm the rights of digital assets and stimulate innovation vitality

In the era of digital economy , data resources are becoming more and more important. In 2019, my country has officially regarded data as one of the seven production factors as important as labor, capital, land, knowledge, technology, and management, and has promoted the establishment of a data factor market system.

However, due to the difficulty in confirming data rights, tracing back, and dividing interests, data cannot yet achieve efficient market-oriented allocation and orderly circulation, seriously restricting the development of the digital economy. develop.

Distributed, non-tamperable, traceable, With features such as transparency, multi-party maintenance, and cross-verification, data ownership can be effectively defined, data circulation can be tracked and supervised, and data revenue can be reasonably shared, removing obstacles to the efficient market-oriented allocation of data production factors and other digital assets. It is expected that Reversing the current trend of increasing centralization of data ownership, use and benefit distribution, promote the entire society and digital economy to develop in a more trustworthy, shared, and balanced direction, and further release the innovation vitality of the digital economy.

03 Shortening the distance of trust and expanding the space for collaboration

Modern human lifestyle The changes and progress are all directly related to the development of science and technology. Scientific and technological revolutions always dialectically expand the territory of human activities while shortening the distance between them. Every major technological change is always accompanied by the collapse of "distance" in some sense, thus bringing convenience to people.

For example, the invention of transportation has expanded the radius of human activities and shortened the geographical distance between people; the invention of communication tools has expanded the radius of human "conversation" The physical distance has been shortened; the invention of the Internet has expanded the radius of human access to information and shortened the distance of information; the invention of artificial intelligence has expanded the radius of cognition and shortened the distance of cognition of the world.

Blockchain shortens the distance of trust

Today, blockchain has brought us a new radius expansion. Blockchain can form a trust mechanism based on cryptographic algorithms without relying on authoritative centers and market environments, allowing strangers who are thousands of miles apart, have never met or even never met to establish a trust relationship, expanding the radius of human trust, thus making strangers Cooperation becomes possible.

Especially in some areas and fields with imperfect market mechanisms and lack of credit systems, the value of blockchain technology is even more precious. Blockchain technology enables strangers to establish production relationships based on technical constraints, making it possible to carry out business cooperation in unfamiliar environments, and is expected to inspire a series of new business models.

04 Driving the Internet Revolution and Accelerating Value Delivery

The first 20 years of the 21st century , human society has experienced the comprehensive baptism and reconstruction of the Internet. "Internet +" has brought about earth-shaking changes in related industries and fields. People's lives have become more convenient because of the Internet, economic activities have become more active because of the Internet, and society has become more fair and open because of the Internet. .

However, the Internet mainly solves the problem of dissemination of information. It is difficult to judge the authenticity of information content, and there are still many constraints and obstacles to the transfer of digital assets. While the Internet brings great convenience, it is also filled with more and more false information, and has even become a hotbed for various new types of fraud. While people are becoming more and more dependent on the Internet, they are also increasingly wary of the Internet.

Based on blockchain technology, the next generation of reliable technology based on technical constraints can be built. Trusting the Internet and solving the trust problem of strangers on the traditional Internet will allow digital assets to circulate efficiently on the Internet. Based on blockchain technology, digital assets and intellectual property rights on the Internet can be effectively protected. Asset transactions between people will be as convenient as sending emails. People will put down their guard against the highly dependent Internet because of the innovation of blockchain technology. The Internet will give birth to more valuable applications.

05 Strengthen the constraints of the integrity system and purify the market environment

Blockchain is a Trust the machine. By promoting the deep integration of blockchain and the real economy, a market environment that is convenient, efficient, fair, competitive, stable and transparent can be created. The technical characteristics of blockchain technology that cannot be tampered with and are traceable can play a very important role in the innovation of trust mechanisms in regions and fields with imperfect market mechanisms and incomplete credit systems.

Under the traditional model, market supervision requires a heavy workload and is difficult to implement. Due to insufficient administrative law enforcement resources and regulatory means, it is widely hated by the public. The phenomena of laobao, counterfeit products and fraudulent behaviors are repeated and difficult to eradicate.

Blockchain technology can form an intermediaryIt is a self-organizing and self-regulatory mechanism based on the prerequisites of institutions and laws and regulations. The non-tampering, non-repudiation and non-manipulability of its distributed ledger actually plays a role in technical supervision of various economic behaviors.

This will help solve problems such as difficulty in loan financing for small and medium-sized enterprises and difficulty in bank risk control; by recording the entire commodity production and transaction circulation process, it can significantly reduce the risk of counterfeit, shoddy, and shoddy goods. Various market frauds such as shoddy goods are used to solve problems such as difficulty in market supervision.

[This article comes from the "Popular Reader on Frontier Hot Technologies in the Field of Information Technology" published by People's Publishing House]

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5. What is the meaning of blockchain

Blockchain is a shared database. Blockchain is distributed data storage, point-to-point transmission, and consensus. Mechanisms, encryption algorithms and other new application models of computer technology.

Blockchain does not belong to any industry. Blockchain is a new application model of computer technologies such as distributed data storage, point-to-point transmission, consensus mechanism, and encryption algorithm. In a narrow sense, blockchain is a chained data structure that combines data blocks in a sequential manner in chronological order, and is a cryptographically guaranteed distributed ledger that cannot be tampered with or forged.

Features

Decentralization. Blockchain technology does not rely on additional third-party management agencies or hardware facilities, and there is no central control. In addition to the self-contained blockchain itself, each node realizes self-verification, transmission and management of information through distributed accounting and storage. Decentralization is the most prominent and essential feature of blockchain.

Openness. The foundation of blockchain technology is open source. In addition to the private information of the transaction parties being encrypted, the data of the blockchain is open to everyone. Anyone can query the blockchain data and develop related applications through the public interface. Therefore, the entire System information is highly transparent.

6. What effect does blockchain have on real life?

Blockchain is essentially a disintermediated database that uses a blockchain data structure to verify and A new distributed foundation that stores data, uses distributed node consensus algorithms to generate and update data, uses cryptography to ensure the security of data transmission and access, and uses smart contracts composed of automated script codes to program and operate data. Architecture and computing methods. In layman's terms, blockchain is a distributed accounting technology, which has the characteristics of decentralization, non-tampering, and node consensus mechanism. Although it sounds a bit obscure, it can actually bring tangible benefits to our daily lives:
First, blockchain technology can be used to establish a traceability mechanism for food and vegetables, completely eliminating source pollution of food and vegetables, and providing the common people with Safe and hygienic green food and vegetables allow everyone to buy and eat with confidence;
Second, blockchain technology can be used to store various rightsCertificates and notes and transcripts, to completely eliminate fake certificates, fake files, fake academic records, fake medical records, fake transcripts and other fraud incidents;
Third, blockchain technology can be used to vote in community elections, to completely eliminate fake votes, and truly achieve openness and fairness. ,just. Build a democratic community and achieve democratic governance.
In addition, blockchain technology can also be used in many aspects of daily life such as charity fundraising and commodity anti-counterfeiting.

7. What is the impact and significance of blockchain technology on society

On the morning of November 8, 2019, the 2019 Trusted Blockchain Summit opened in Beijing. Wang Xinzhe, chief economist of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, and Shang Bing, chairman of the Internet Society of China, attended the opening ceremony of the summit and delivered speeches.

Wang Xinzhe pointed out that a new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation characterized by accelerated innovation and integration of information technology is booming. Blockchain technology is important for promoting high-quality economic development, improving national governance systems and The modernization level of governance capabilities is of great significance.

(7) Further reading on the significance of the existence of private blockchain:

Wang Xinzhe emphasized that the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology attaches great importance to the development of the blockchain technology industry work, supporting the development of the blockchain technology industry and consolidating the development of China's blockchain field by creating a good development environment, guiding local governments to accelerate the pace of exploration, supporting breakthroughs in key core technologies, promoting the implementation of industry applications, and building a complete standard system. Base.

The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology will accelerate the innovative development of the blockchain technology industry, vigorously promote the deep integration of blockchain and economy and society, and give full play to the role of blockchain technology in driving technological breakthroughs, driving economic development, and promoting It plays a strategic role in improving people's livelihood and promoting social progress, and makes positive contributions to the realization of the "Two Centenary Goals" and the Chinese Dream of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.

8. What benefits does the application of blockchain technology bring to enterprises?

Blockchain classification:

1 Private chain

Refers to a blockchain with certain centralized control. Just using the general ledger technology of the blockchain for accounting, it can be a company or an individual, with exclusive write permission to the blockchain. This chain is not much different from other distributed storage solutions. The only participating nodes are the users themselves, and data access and use are subject to strict permission management. Since the alliance chain has certain centralized control, it can also be considered to belong to the category of private chain.

Features: Since the user has the final say, the data inside has no characteristics that cannot be changed, and there is not much protection for third parties. Generally used for internal audit. The vice president of technology at Huobi Network believes that private chains do have a large number of scenarios that can meet the needs of the real world. Limited decentralization makes it easier to reach consensus, can make transactions faster and more efficient, and can provide more controlled function. Decentralization is the core value of blockchain technology. If the private chain cannot make full use of the decentralization constructed by the public chain in practice,Based on the trust foundation, its development space will be limited.

2 Public Chain

Public blockchain is the earliest blockchain and the most widely used blockchain at present. It refers to a blockchain like the Bitcoin blockchain that is completely decentralized and not controlled by any institution. Any individual or group in the world can send a transaction, and the transaction can be effectively confirmed by the blockchain, and anyone can participate in its consensus process. Participants in the consensus process maintain the security of the database through cryptography and built-in economic incentives.

Features: Completely open, uncontrolled, relying on encryption technology to ensure security.

3 Alliance Chain

A certain group designates multiple pre-selected nodes as bookkeepers. The generation of each block is jointly decided by all pre-selected nodes. Other access nodes You can participate in transactions, but you are not involved in the accounting process (it is essentially still managed accounting, but it becomes distributed accounting. How many pre-selected nodes and how to decide the accountant of each block becomes the main risk point of the blockchain) , anyone else can make limited queries through the blockchain’s open API.

The nodes participating in the blockchain are selected in advance, and there are likely to be good network connections between the nodes. Other consensus algorithms other than proof of work can be used on such a blockchain. For example, a certain blockchain has been established among 100 financial institutions, and it is stipulated that more than 67 institutions must agree to reach a consensus.

Prospects:

The development of blockchain technology has also brought about changes in the operational concepts of various industries. New technologies and new concepts have promoted new developments in various industries. This kind of The impact of the driving force on society and the promotion of economic activities are also huge. Many new industry phenomena will occur one after another, and the public is also waiting and watching, hoping that this brand-new technology will be used by various industries and better benefit all industries. .

Blockchain is a new application model of computer technologies such as distributed data storage, point-to-point transmission, consensus mechanism, and encryption algorithms. The so-called consensus reserve mechanism is a mathematical algorithm in the blockchain system to establish trust and obtain rights and interests between different nodes.

9. What are the functions and characteristics of blockchain?

Blockchain is starting a revolution in currency. Blockchain should be liquidity with bit characteristics, rather than currency characteristics.
According to the Radcliffe Report, "Only liquidity is the transmission mechanism through which monetary policy affects the economy." People's spending is not limited by the amount of money available, but only by the amount of money people expect they can get. Relevantly, these currencies may be obtained as income, obtained by selling assets, or borrowed. Blockchain marks value through tokens, and all assets can be expressed on the blockchain very simply. The structure and marginal cost of asset exchanges tend to be zero. The Technology Research Department of Maoqiu Technology believes that this is one of the core technologies of the blockchain, and what it brings is an explosion of liquidity in a zero marginal cost scenario.
Only liquidity is the transmission mechanism of blockchain value
In layman’s terms, the liquidity of currency refers to the ability of currency to be quickly realized without losses during circulation. As the informatization process intensifies, currency is required to be more simple and fast in transactions. The current liquidity of paper money is far lower than that of electronic money.
In the era of Internet finance, "liquidity" can be completely explained as "the flow of information that transcends the value expressed in the form of banknotes."
We all know that the central bank system cannot survive without controlling the flow of information behind value. Because the essence of the central bank's monetary policy is to control the flow of value information, or simply to deny the "information flow." This is one of the reasons why inflation has increased over the past few years.
The reason why electronic money is gradually becoming more liquid than paper money is that the value of paper money before the prosperity of the Internet is because it can provide higher value than information flow such as gold and silver. Therefore, the essence of electronic currency is direct value exchange, and the form carrier is information exchanged through digital signals through the network. This is completely consistent with the characteristics of "liquidity".
Although there was no way to know the situation of blockchain in the last century, based on liquidity analysis, the future value characteristics of currency can still be accurately grasped. Now when it comes to blockchain, most people talk about its technical aspects and rarely touch on its value content.
However, if the central banks' "quantitative easing" is tracked by the blockchain to the flow of benefits, the technology will immediately "reveal" as benefits.
Is the blockchain the general equivalent of distributed, or distributed? Specific use value
Blockchain can record and measure the monetary flow facts of transactions in a distributed manner. In a distributed transaction recording system based on blockchain technology, each node becomes an independent product consumer, and each subject Equal and decentralized decision-making, all transactions are public, transaction nodes can be anonymous, ensuring the security of node accounts, decentralized management does not require a central server, avoiding expensive operation and maintenance costs, and reducing costs.
Although the blockchain is similar in form to currency Than, it is decentralized, but the liquidity it handles is still based on general equivalents.
We all know that the emergence of blockchain is based on the increasingly serious centralization problem. From the perspective of general equivalent theory, the general equivalent It appears because the equivalents in the existing value form cannot meet the growing exchange needs, so a new equivalent is needed to make up for the shortcomings of the existing equivalents.
French biologist Jacques Monod published " "Inevitability and Contingency" mentioned: There is inevitability in the development of things. The reason why the blockchain is designed as a liquidity account book of general equivalents is self-evident. Of course, according to Jiang Qiping, Information Research Center of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, " From the perspective of "Blockchain and Monetary Philosophy", blockchain is now just a distributed system designed as a general equivalent. If the characteristics of general equivalents no longer play the leading role in the future, then future liquidity will need to be utilized, used, and serviced. reflected invalue. Therefore, the Technology Research Department of Maoqiu Technology believes that in the future, blockchain should not only reflect distribution in technology, but should also be reflected in specific value applications.
Heidegger proposed the philosophical concept: Dasein in his masterpiece "Being and Time". There is no better way to describe the blockchain here, that is, God will not be content with being a means of accounting. He wants to live in the present and the purpose of being. This means that if the blockchain wants to develop for a long time, it must develop a function that can be used contextually as a being, rather than a flash in the pan.
If blockchain is no longer a general equivalent, how to view liquidity
From Jiang Qiping’s liquidity point of view, shells, currencies, and blockchain are liquidity in different historical periods and under different value logics. Different carriers. Currency, as liquidity, ignores the use characteristics of value, which are always specific, local, and current, and therefore can only be distributed.
The Technology Research Department of Maoqiu Technology believes that when blockchain captures the distributed characteristics of liquidity, although it will be used as a ledger of general equivalents in the early days, it will eventually have to be modified. Negation of negation develops a valuation function corresponding to services.