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A. What is digital currency
Digital currency is an alternative currency in the form of electronic currency. It is an unregulated, digital currency that is usually issued and issued by developers. Management, acceptance and use by members of a specific virtual community. It is different from virtual currency in the virtual world because it can be used for real transactions of goods and services and is not limited to online games. Early digital currency (digital gold currency) is a form of electronic currency named after the weight of gold. Current digital currencies, such as Bitcoin, Litecoin and PPCoin, are electronic currencies that rely on verification and cryptography technology to create, issue and circulate.
Currency Definition
Digital gold currency is a form of electronic currency named after the weight of gold. The typical unit of measurement for this currency is the troy gram or troy ounce, although the gold dinar is also sometimes used. Digital gold currencies are funded through unquoted or decentralized allocations of gold storage. As of January 2006, digital gold currency providers held more than 8.6 metric tons of gold as reserves, worth approximately $154 million.
Future Trends
In November 2016, the central bank prepared digital currency. Cash will probably not exist in ten years.
In November 2016, the China Digital Currency Research Institute was established to cultivate high-level digital currency talents and carry out digital currency research, consultation, development planning and related activities. A legally licensed non-profit organization dedicated to promoting the integrated development of scientific research and practice in the digital currency industry.
Up to now, Hangzhou City, Shenzhen City, and Guizhou Province have become the three most popular areas competing for central bank digital currency pilots. It is reported that Hangzhou is currently actively promoting the planning and construction of the Qiantang River Financial Harbor, which also includes the blockchain industry. Hangzhou will build the country's first blockchain industrial park, which will be located in the Internet Finance Town of Xihu District, surrounded by well-known enterprises and parks such as Ant Financial, MYbank, Zhejiang University and its Science and Technology Park.
In February 2020, digital currency was selected as one of the top ten breakthrough technologies in the world in 2020 by MIT Technology Review
B. Does anyone know what digital currency is?
The abbreviation of digital currency is DIGICCY, which is the abbreviation of "Digital Currency" in English. It is an alternative currency in the form of electronic money. Digital gold coins and cryptocurrency are both digital currencies (DIGICCY). It cannot be completely equated with virtual currency in the virtual world, because it is often used for real transactions of goods and services, and is not limited to virtual spaces such as online games. Currently, central banks do not recognize or issue digital currencies, and digital currencies do not necessarily have to have a base currency. Popular digital currencies in 2015 include: Bitcoin, BitShares, etc. There are currently thousands of digital currencies issued around the world.
In February 2017, the central bank issued severalNew progress has been made in digital currency. The blockchain-based digital bill trading platform promoted by the central bank has been successfully tested. The legal digital currency issued by the central bank has been put into trial operation on the platform. The digital currency research institute under the central bank will also be officially launched after the Spring Festival. This means that on a global scale, the People’s Bank of China will become the first central bank to issue digital currency and carry out real-world applications.
Digital gold currency is a form of electronic currency named after the weight of gold. The typical unit of measurement for this currency is the troy gram or troy ounce, although the gold dinar is also sometimes used. Digital gold currencies are funded through unquoted or decentralized allocations of gold storage. As of January 2006, digital gold currency providers held more than 8.6 metric tons of gold as reserves, worth approximately $154 million.
Current situation
Currently, no country, including China, recognizes the currency attributes of Bitcoin. Some currency functions can only be realized in some private special occasions.
Differences from virtual currencies
Digital currencies are divided into two categories, which refer to non-Cryptocurrency currencies (i.e. digital gold currencies, such as e-gold, and currencies issued by companies, such as xrp) and Cryptocurrency currencies (i.e. Bitcoin currency).
Virtual money originally refers to non-real currency, and now specifically refers to currency in the online virtual economy. When there is a connection between virtuality and reality, virtual currency has its real value. Well-known virtual currencies such as Internet Coin of Internet companies, Q coins of Tencent Company, Q points, points of Shanda Company, U coin rice tickets launched by Sina (used in iGame games), Xiayi Yuanbao (used in Xiayi Dao games), Wen Yin (used in Bixue Qingtian game)
C. What is blockchain and what is digital currency
Blockchain is an important concept of Bitcoin, which is essentially A decentralized database.
At the same time, as the underlying technology of Bitcoin, it is a series of data blocks generated using cryptographic methods. Each data block contains a batch of Bitcoin network transaction information, which is used to verify the validity of its information. (anti-counterfeiting) and generate the next block. Digital currency is an unregulated, digital currency that is usually issued and managed by developers and accepted and used by members of a specific virtual community. The European Banking Authority defines virtual currency as: a digital representation of value that is not issued by a central bank or authority and is not linked to a legal currency, but which, because it is accepted by the public, can be used as a means of payment or can be transferred, stored or traded electronically. .
The content of this article comes from: China Law Publishing House's "Comprehensive Knowledge of Legal Life Series"
D. The difference between virtual currency and electronic currency
With the development of the Internet To grow, while providing a large number of free services to the majority of Internet users, we also provide various services according to the company's profit needs and the diverse needs of users.To meet the demand, various websites have launched paid services. This also promotes the creation of virtual currencies.
Many portal websites and online game operators have long begun to provide virtual currencies for use in order to provide better services. According to incomplete statistics, there are currently no fewer than 10 types of online virtual currencies (referred to as online currencies) in circulation on the market, such as Q coins, network coins, cool coins, Warcraft coins, paradise coins, Shanda (game area) coupons, etc. Taking Q Coin as an example, there are more than 200 million users. Industry insiders estimate that the domestic Internet has a virtual currency market size of several billion yuan per year and is growing at a rate of 15% to 20%.
In a market economy, demand stimulates innovation, and innovation in turn drives demand. The growing popularity of virtual currency is due to the needs of users and the innovation of enterprises. At present, there are many types of virtual currencies in China's online market, among which Tencent, relying on its huge QQ users and the maturity of the instant messaging market, also launched Q Coin in a timely manner.
It is undeniable that virtual currency allows us to feel the convenience of purchasing online services, which is an inevitable product of the development of the Internet economy. But at present, online virtual currencies have quietly transformed and formed a huge trading market.
Linton LaRouche, a famous American economist, also predicted that starting from 2050, the virtual currency of the Internet will be officially recognized to some extent and become a circulating currency. With such a large-scale market and bright prospects, many companies are already eager to occupy this market. Right now, it seems that DotNet, PAYPAL, and Tencent are in the lead.
At this stage, most electronic currencies are based on existing physical currencies (cash or deposits) and have the functions of "value scale" and "value preservation", and electronic currencies are not related to physical currencies. This is based on the prerequisite that currencies can be exchanged at a ratio of 1
:1.
As a means of payment, most electronic currencies cannot be separated from cash or deposits. They are transmitted and transferred electronically to settle claims and debts. Therefore, the function and impact of electronic money at this stage is essentially the relationship between electronic money and cash and deposits.
Currently, there are four main types of popular electronic currencies in our country.
1. Stored value card type electronic money. They generally appear in the form of magnetic cards or IC cards. In addition to commercial banks, their issuers include telecommunications departments (ordinary phone cards, IC phone cards), IC companies (Internet cards), commercial retail companies (all kinds of consumer cards), government agencies ( Internal consumption IC card) and school (campus IC card), etc. After receiving funds from customers in advance, the issuing entity issues stored-value cards of equal value, making the stored-value cards a new "deposit account" independent of bank deposits. At the same time, the stored-value card pays by deduction when customers consume, which is equivalent to paying currency in a deposit account. Deposits in stored-value cards are currently not subject to central bank reserve requirements. Therefore, stored-value cards can reduce the need for cash and current savings.
2. Credit card application typeElectronic money. Refers to credit cards or quasi-credit cards issued by issuers such as commercial banks and credit card companies. You can borrow money for consumption within the credit limit specified by the issuer, and then repay it within the specified time. The widespread use of credit cards can expand consumer credit and affect the money supply.
3. Deposit utilization electronic currency. Mainly include debit cards, electronic checks, etc., which are used to electronically withdraw cash, transfer settlement, and transfer funds from bank deposits. The widespread use of this type of electronic payment method can reduce the cost of consumers going to and from the bank, resulting in a reduction in cash demand balance and speeding up the circulation of money.
4. Cash simulation electronic currency. There are two main types: one is electronic cash that is used based on the Internet network environment and stores binary data representing monetary value in the hard drive of a microcomputer terminal; the other is electronic cash that stores the monetary value in an IC card and can be circulated independently of the bank payment system. electronic wallet. This type of electronic currency has the anonymity of cash, can be used for personal payments, and can be changed hands multiple times. It was developed with the purpose of replacing physical cash. The expanded use of this type of electronic currency can affect the currency issuance mechanism, reduce the seigniorage revenue of the central bank, and reduce the scale of the central bank's assets and liabilities.
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