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㈠ What is the concept of blockchain

Concept: Blockchain is a new application model of computer technologies such as distributed data storage, point-to-point transmission, consensus mechanism, and encryption algorithm.

The essence of the blockchain is a distributed public ledger. Anyone can verify this ledger, but no single user can control it. Participants in a blockchain system jointly maintain a ledger: it can only be modified according to strict rules and consensus.

The development of blockchain has gone through three stages:

1. Incubation period: 2009-2012, the economic form was dominated by Bitcoin and its industrial ecology.

2. Embryonic period: The period is from 2012 to 2015. Blockchain entered the public eye with Bitcoin, new wallet payment and remittance companies appeared, and the blockchain economy spread to the financial field. The underlying technology of blockchain continues to innovate. Blockchain technology is divorced from the Bitcoin system.

3. Development period: In 2016, industry applications began to be explored, and a large number of blockchain startups emerged. The popularity of ICO in 2017 brought unprecedented attention to blockchain.

(1) Extended reading on the blockchain book Baidu Encyclopedia:

Three special points of the three blockchains:

1. The core idea of ​​the blockchain is decentralization: in the blockchain system, the rights and obligations between any nodes are equal, and all nodes have the ability to vote with computing power, thus ensuring The result that is recognized is the result recognized by more than half of the nodes. Even if it suffers a severe hacker attack, as long as the number of nodes controlled by the hacker does not exceed half of the total number of global nodes, the system will still be able to operate normally and the data will not be tampered with.

2. The biggest disruption of blockchain lies in the establishment of credit: in theory, blockchain technology can make WeChat Pay and Alipay no longer valuable. The Economist made a vivid metaphor for blockchain: simply put, it is “a machine that creates trust.” Blockchain allows people to collaborate without trusting each other and without a neutral central authority. Combating counterfeit currency and financial fraud will no longer be needed in the future.

3. The collective maintenance of blockchain can reduce costs: In a centralized network system, the maintenance and operation of the system rely on the operation, maintenance and operation of platforms such as data centers, and the cost of failure cannot be omitted. Anyone can participate in the nodes of the blockchain. While participating in the recording, each node also verifies the correctness of the recording results of other nodes, which improves maintenance efficiency and reduces costs.

In one sentence, blockchain touches money, trust and power, which are the fundamental foundations on which human beings rely for survival.

㈡ What is blockchain technology? What exactly is blockchain?

Blockchain technology is one of the top ten typical judicial technology applications on the Internet. Blockchain is a computer technology based on distributed data storage, point-to-point transmission, consensus mechanism, encryption algorithm, etc.New application model.

Blockchain is an important concept of Bitcoin. In fact, it is a decentralized database. Blockchain, as the underlying technology of Bitcoin, is a series of data blocks generated using cryptographic methods. Each data block contains a batch of Bitcoin network transaction information, which is used to verify the validity of its information (anti-counterfeiting) and generate the next data block.

Blockchain originated from Bitcoin. On November 1, 2008, a person who called himself Satoshi Nakamoto published the article "Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System", which elaborated on P2P network technology, encryption technology, timestamp technology, and block technology. The concept of electronic cash system framework such as chain technology marks the birth of Bitcoin.

(2)Blockchain book Baidu Encyclopedia extended reading:

The birth of blockchain:

The concept of blockchain was first proposed by Satoshi Nakamoto in 2008. In the following years, blockchain became the core component of the electronic currency Bitcoin: a public account for all transactions. By using peer-to-peer networks and distributed timestamp servers, blockchain databases can be autonomously managed.

The blockchain invented for Bitcoin made it the first digital currency to solve the problem of repeated consumption. Bitcoin design has become a source of inspiration for other applications. On December 20, 2016, the Digital Currency Alliance-China FinTech Digital Currency Alliance and FinTech Research Institute were officially established.

㈢ "Blockchain Encyclopedia: An introductory manual for Bitcoin and other digital currencies that everyone can understand" epub download and online reading, seek Baidu network disk cloud resources

《区"The Complete Book of Blockchain Network" (Sun Jian) ​​e-book network disk download for free online reading

Resource link:

Link:

Book title: Complete Book on Blockchain Network

Author: Sun Jian

Douban Rating: 7.3

Publisher: Electronic Industry Press

Publication year: 2018-8

Number of pages: 289

Content introduction:

Online full-book content structure, vivid cases and explanations are enough to allow every reader to fully and quickly understand the knowledge related to blockchain and digital currencies such as Bitcoin. It can be called a complete survival manual for the blockchain and currency circles. Ejian Wufeng’s digital currency investment ideas are also a guidebook for gold nuggets in the currency circle.

This book explains the "past and present" of blockchain technology in simple and vivid language, and points out the intrinsic relationship between Bitcoin and currency, including the development history of digital currency, blockchain technology and application interpretation , the secrets of the blockchain communication circle, basic knowledge such as managing your own digital wallet. In addition, it also comprehensively disclosed the entire process of digital currency "mining" from the principles to the purchase and setup of mining machines, detailed the process and common sense of digital currency transactions, and demonstrated a digital currency step by step.All the processes and details of the currency from generation to exchange reveal various routines and scams in the name of digital currency.

This book hopes to allow more ordinary users to understand blockchain in a faster way. After reading this book, you will have a comprehensive understanding of blockchain and digital currencies such as Bitcoin, master basic investment concepts, identify common routines and scams, and stand at a higher cognitive starting point in the blockchain industry. Find your place in the feast of technology and wealth.

About the author:

Sun Jian, a native of Nanjing, is a currency player. Specialized in social marketing, training, content dissemination and other fields. In 2015, he published the book "WeChat Marketing and Operation: Revealing the Practical Secrets of Official Accounts, WeChat Business and Self-Media", which was widely praised. Currently engaged in research and investment in blockchain and digital currency.

㈣ What is blockchain? Explanation of blockchain technology

Blockchain is distributed data storage, point-to-point transmission, consensus mechanism, encryption algorithm, etc. New application models of computer technology. Blockchain is an important concept of Bitcoin. It is essentially a decentralized database.

At the same time, as the underlying technology of Bitcoin, it is a series of data blocks generated using cryptographic methods. Each data block contains a batch of Bitcoin network transaction information, which is used to verify its Validity of information (anti-counterfeiting) and generation of the next block.

The blockchain is a public data list, and each record in it is called a block. These blocks are connected together like a chain to form a blockchain. Just like an idiom solitaire, there must be some connection between adjacent words to form a word chain. The same is true for blockchain, but the connection between blocks is much more complex.

(4) Blockchain book Baidu Encyclopedia Extended Reading

Blockchain technology innovation does not mean speculating on virtual currencies, and the use of blocks should be prevented Chains issue virtual currencies and speculate on air coins. At the same time, we should also note that blockchain is still in its early development stage and needs further development and improvement in terms of security, standards, supervision, etc.

The general direction is not wrong, but it is necessary to avoid rushing in and duplicating construction, and to open up the imagination space of the blockchain in orderly competition. China has a good foundation in the field of blockchain. Some large Internet companies have already laid out their plans. The talent pool is relatively sufficient and the application scenarios are rich. It is fully qualified to achieve a leading position in this new track.

From a larger perspective, human beings can develop civilization because they have achieved effective cooperation among large-scale groups of people. The "invisible hand" explained by Adam Smith also realizes the division of labor and cooperation in human society through the market mechanism.

From this perspective, blockchain has greatly expanded the breadth and depth of human trust and collaboration. Perhaps, blockchain is not only the next generation of Internet technology, but also the next generation of cooperation mechanisms and organizational forms.

㈤ What is data blockchain (BlockChain)

Blockchain is a new application model of computer technology such as distributed data storage, point-to-point transmission, consensus mechanism, and encryption algorithm. Blockchain is an important concept of Bitcoin.

It is essentially a decentralized database. At the same time, as the underlying technology of Bitcoin, it is a series of related data using cryptographic methods. Each data block generated contains a batch of Bitcoin network transaction information, which is used to verify the validity of the information (anti-counterfeiting) and generate the next block.

(5) Blockchain book Baidu Encyclopedia extended reading

Most public blockchain chains are limited by scalability. The biggest feature of blockchain technology is decentralization, which requires all ledgers in the network to handle the accounting process. Distributed accounting has high security, low misoperation rate, and is also politically neutral and correct.

However, while blockchain technology embraces these characteristics, it sacrifices scalability, cannot meet personalized supervision, and is slightly insufficient in protecting data privacy. Moreover, as the number of ledgers increases, the interaction delay will increase exponentially, which means that the more ledgers in the blockchain network, the higher the latency will be.

㈥ What are the introductory books on blockchain?

"New Economic Blueprint and Introduction"

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Published: 2016

Recommendation: This book is mainly for programmers. Combined with API programming, it tells you the principles and usage of cryptocurrency, and how to develop related software. For non-programmer readers, the first few chapters of this book are still applicable as an in-depth introduction to Bitcoin. (Book pdf download: https://quant.la/Download)

㈦ What is the concept of blockchain? What exactly is blockchain? Read it in three minutes!

On October 25, 2019, Xinwen Broadcast sent a very important signal: the country must vigorously develop blockchain. After that, blockchain has become an Internet celebrity, and the figure of "blockchain" is floating in the streets and alleys. In fact, many technology companies have already deployed blockchain technology.

Although blockchain is very popular, many people do not know much about blockchain.

What is blockchain?

Let’s first take a look at how Du Niang explained it. Network display: Blockchain is a new application model of computer technologies such as distributed data storage, point-to-point transmission, consensus mechanism, and encryption algorithms.

Why is blockchain called blockchain?

The blockchain is linked by blocks one by one, and the blocks are storage units one by one, which record the communication information of each block node. The blocks are much like the records of the database. Writing data once is to create ablock. With the expansion of information exchange, one block continues with another, and the result is called a blockchain.

What are the characteristics of blockchain?

Blockchain mainly has the following characteristics:

1. Decentralization: In the blockchain system, every node has equal rights. and obligations, there is no central control here. Decentralization has well established trust relationships with each other. Although there is no central management organization, people can collaborate with each other and trust each other. This mainly applies blockchain distributed ledger technology.

2. Openness: Blockchain data is open to everyone. Except for some encrypted information that is not open, everyone can check the data here.

3. Independence: The entire blockchain system does not rely on other third parties. All nodes can automatically and securely verify and exchange data within the system without any human intervention.

4. Security: Blockchain has a certain degree of security and cannot be tampered with. Because everyone in the blockchain system has the same ledger, if someone wants to tamper with it, it is possible to forge a non-existent record only if they control more than 51% of the accounting nodes. Of course, this is basically impossible. This is mainly due to the core technology of the blockchain: the consensus mechanism. The consensus mechanism has the characteristics of "the minority obeys the majority" and "everyone is equal".

5. Anonymity: Many people think that if the blockchain is so open and transparent, will we lose privacy? In fact, no, although the transaction information in the blockchain is open and transparent, the identity information of the account is encrypted and can only be accessed with authorization.

Now let me tell you a story to help you better understand the blockchain.

There are three people in the family, mom, dad, older brother and younger brother. Last year, my father was in charge of the family's account books. He was responsible for all the family's income and expenses alone.

However, on the day of Double Eleven, my mother, who has always been frugal, wanted to buy herself a beautiful piece of clothing on a certain online store. When she checked the account book, she found something was wrong. It stands to reason that except for some money deposited in banks and financial management, the whereabouts of the daily consumption money at home are all in this account book, but no matter how you look at it, it is wrong. Some consumption is clearly not recorded, but is recorded.

Later, my father took the initiative to confess that he couldn’t help but buy a pack of cigarettes.

Later, my mother changed her strategy and the whole family kept accounts. Everyone recorded their monthly consumption expenditure in their own account books. Whenever there was a transaction or consumption at home, my mother would shout, "Book it," and everyone would record the transaction in their own books. This is the decentralized accounting model, everyoneThey are all centers, and everyone has a ledger in their hands.

The previous accounting model for dad was centralized accounting. If dad wanted to do something alone, it would be difficult for anyone to see it. The decentralized accounting model has solved the problem of centralization very well. The disadvantage of bookkeeping is that it is very difficult for dad to tamper with the books.

For example, if dad wants to take some money from the ledger and secretly buy cigarettes, the amount of money is limited, and if he wants to take the money, he has to change the ledger, but he only tampered with his own ledger. No, he had to change the accounts of three people including himself. And this is undoubtedly more difficult than reaching the sky.

So, many times my father had the idea of ​​smoking, but he had no choice but to give up the idea due to the current situation.

Are blockchain and Bitcoin the same thing?

In fact, blockchain and Bitcoin are not the same thing. It is just the underlying technology of Bitcoin. Bitcoin is the first digital currency applied by blockchain.

In 2008, Satoshi Nakamoto first proposed the concept of blockchain. In the following years, it became a core component of the electronic currency Bitcoin, serving as a public account book for all transactions. Blockchain was first applied to Bitcoin.

The origin of blockchain is to solve the problem of trust, and one of the most successful applications of blockchain is digital currency. Bitcoin is arguably the most successful application of blockchain so far.

What are the applications of blockchain?

The application of blockchain is actually very wide. In addition to digital currency, the future applications of Bitcoin are still very extensive. Blockchain technology has been widely used in different industries. Such as product traceability, copyright protection and transactions, payment and settlement, Internet of Things, digital marketing, medical care, etc., promoting different industries to quickly enter the "blockchain+" era.

1. Payment and clearing: Blockchain can abandon the role of transit banks, realize point-to-point payment, reduce transit fees, and accelerate fund utilization.

2. Product traceability: For example, if we buy a piece of clothing on a certain store, we can see the past and present life of this piece of clothing.

3. Securities trading: Traditional securities trading requires the coordination of four major institutions, which is inefficient and costly. Blockchain technology can independently complete one-stop services.

4. Supply chain: Introducing blockchain technology into the supply chain system, synchronizing information within the system can control all links, better complete division of labor and collaboration, and facilitate subsequent accountability.

5. Intellectual property rights: With copyright on the chain, our photographic works, musical works, literary works, etc. will become our information, and the ownership of the information will be confirmed and become our property.

㈧ Do you have any recommendations for books on blockchain

Huawei Blockchain's "Blockchain Technology and Applications", this book introduces the basic architecture of the blockchain, key technologies, and blockchain policies and standards, as well as discussions of technical details and algorithms, etc. Suitable for blockchain developers to learn and read. In addition, "Blockchain Engineering Practice: Industry Solutions and Key Technologies" by Lu Jing of Yuangang Software is also good. The book describes several practical application cases and is very down-to-earth, whether you are a blockchain novice or a professional. You can easily read and acquire knowledge, and there are detailed introductions on the Internet.

㈨ Can you introduce some books about Bitcoin and blockchain?

1. "Bitcoin White Paper: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System", author Satoshi Nakamoto. Read this white paper first before considering other content.
2 "Fortran95 Programming", the author is Peng Guolun.
3 "Introduction to Fortran 77 and 90/95 Programming", the author is Ding Zejun.
4. "Out of Control: The New Biology of Machines, Society and Economy"
5. "Inevitability", written by Kevin Kelly, mentioned 12 inevitable trends in the next 20 years.
6. "Mastering Bitcoin", this book will provide you with the necessary knowledge and guide you into the world of Bitcoin.
7. "Blockchain Revolution" tells how the underlying technology of Bitcoin changes money, business and the world. The authors are Don Tapscott and Alex Tapscott
8 ."Blockchain New Economic Blueprint and Introduction", author Melanie Swann
9. "Blockchain: Quantum Wealth Concept", author Han Feng/Zhang Xiaomei
10. "The Logic of Finance" ", the author is Chen Zhiwu. The work starts from the cultural and institutional genes of wealth in an in-depth and simple way, thereby telling readers what the logic of finance is.
Relevant books include "Principles of Economics", "Blockchain: Technology-driven Finance", "Blockchain Revolution: How Bitcoin's underlying technology changes currency, business and the world", "Blockchain Technology Guide", "Illustration Area" Blockchain" "How Blockchain Will Redefine the World" "Digital Currency: Bitcoin Data Reporting and Operation Guide" "Blockchain: From Digital Currency to Credit Society" "Intelligent Era" etc. To be honest, blockchain As a hot resource, there are quite a few. The main thing is judgment (whether it is valuable) and action (enter early).
I also recommend a blockchain-related APP called Golden Finance and a public account called Quanke Online. The article is rich in information;

㈩ What is blockchain technology? What exactly is blockchain?

In a narrow sense, blockchain is a chronological A chained data structure composed of data blocks that are sequentially connected, and a cryptographically guaranteed distributed ledger that cannot be tampered with or forged.

Broadly speaking, blockchain technology uses block chain data structures to verify and store data, uses distributed node consensus algorithms to generate and update data, and uses cryptography to protect data.A new distributed infrastructure and computing method that ensures the security of data transmission and access and uses smart contracts composed of automated script codes to program and operate data.

[Infrastructure]

Generally speaking, the blockchain system consists of data layer, network layer, consensus layer, incentive layer, contract layer and application layer composition. Among them, the data layer encapsulates the underlying data blocks and related basic data and basic algorithms such as data encryption and timestamps; the network layer includes distributed networking mechanisms, data dissemination mechanisms, and data verification mechanisms; the consensus layer mainly encapsulates network nodes Various consensus algorithms; the incentive layer integrates economic factors into the blockchain technology system, mainly including the issuance mechanism and distribution mechanism of economic incentives; the contract layer mainly encapsulates various scripts, algorithms and smart contracts, and is the core of the blockchain The basis of programmable features; the application layer encapsulates various application scenarios and cases of the blockchain. In this model, the chain block structure based on timestamps, the consensus mechanism of distributed nodes, economic incentives based on consensus computing power, and flexible programmable smart contracts are the most representative innovations of blockchain technology.

Extended information:

[Blockchain core technology]

Blockchain mainly solves the trust and security issues of transactions, so it addresses this issue Four technological innovations:

1. Distributed ledger means that transaction accounting is completed by multiple nodes distributed in different places, and each node records a complete account, so they all Can participate in supervising the legality of transactions and can also jointly testify for them.

The uniqueness of blockchain's distributed storage is mainly reflected in two aspects: First, each node of the blockchain stores complete data according to the block chain structure. Traditional distributed storage generally stores The data is divided into multiple parts for storage according to certain rules. Second, the storage of each node in the blockchain is independent and of equal status, relying on the consensus mechanism to ensure storage consistency, while traditional distributed storage generally synchronizes data to other backup nodes through the central node.

No node can record ledger data independently, thus avoiding the possibility of a single bookkeeper being controlled or bribed to record false accounts. Also because there are enough accounting nodes, theoretically speaking, the accounts will not be lost unless all nodes are destroyed, thereby ensuring the security of the accounting data.

2. Asymmetric encryption and authorization technology. Transaction information stored on the blockchain is public, but account identity information is highly encrypted and can only be accessed with authorization from the data owner. , thus ensuring data security and personal privacy.

3. The consensus mechanism is how all accounting nodes reach a consensus to determine the validity of a record. This is both a means of identification and a means of preventing tampering. Blockchain proposes four different consensus mechanisms, which are suitable for different application scenarios and strike a balance between efficiency and security.

The consensus mechanism of the blockchain has the "minority obeys the majority"" and the characteristics of "everyone is equal", where "the minority obeys the majority" does not entirely refer to the number of nodes, but can also be computing power, the number of shares, or other characteristics that computers can compare. "Everyone is equal" means that when a node When the conditions are met, all nodes have the right to give priority to the consensus result, which will be directly recognized by other nodes and may eventually become the final consensus result.

4. Smart contracts, smart contracts are based on these trustworthy and untrustworthy Tampered data can automatically execute some predefined rules and terms. Taking insurance as an example, it would be easy to say that everyone's information (including medical information and risk occurrence information) is true and trustworthy. In some standardized insurance products, automate claims settlement.

In the daily business of insurance companies, although transactions are not as frequent as those in the banking and securities industries, their reliance on trusted data has increased. Unreduced. Therefore, the author believes that using blockchain technology from the perspective of data management can effectively help insurance companies improve their risk management capabilities. Specifically, it is mainly divided into risk management of policyholders and risk supervision of insurance companies.

Blockchain-Network