为什么要提区块链

区块链技术是一种革命性的技术，它可以为传统的交易提供更安全、更透明、更高效的机制。为了更好地拓展区块链技术，本文将介绍三个关键词：去中心化、可信计算和智能合约。

去中心化

去中心化是区块链技术的核心特征之一，它指的是不存在中央控制机构的情况下，网络中的节点之间能够相互信任、交换信息。去中心化可以让交易更加安全，因为不存在中央机构的存在，交易不会受到任何第三方的干扰，从而保证了交易的安全性。此外，去中心化还能够确保网络的安全性，因为每个节点都可以参与网络的维护，从而确保网络的安全性。

可信计算

可信计算是区块链技术的另一个关键词，它指的是在没有中央机构的情况下，网络中的节点之间能够相互信任、交换信息。可信计算可以让交易更加安全、高效，因为它可以确保数据的完整性，从而避免了数据被篡改的可能性。此外，可信计算还可以保证交易的安全性，因为它可以确保交易的完整性，从而避免了数据被篡改的可能性。

智能合约

智能合约是区块链技术的另一个关键词，它指的是一种可以自动执行的条款，它可以替代传统的合同，从而提高了交易的安全性和效率。智能合约可以确保交易的安全性，因为它可以确保双方都按照合同条款执行，从而避免了纠纷的发生。此外，智能合约还可以提高交易的效率，因为它可以自动执行合同条款，从而节省了双方的时间和精力。

以上就是关于区块链技术拓展的三个关键词：去中心化、可信计算和智能合约的介绍。它们都可以帮助提升交易的安全性和效率，为传统的交易提供更安全、更透明、更高效的机制。

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① 2020-Blockchain Basics 25 Lectures-Why the world needs blockchain

1. Trust and integrity in peer-to-peer systems; the two most important ones The first condition is to understand the node data in the system, and the second is to understand the trustworthiness of the node.

2. Threats: technical failures and malicious nodes.

3. For a completely decentralized peer-to-peer system, the core problem solved by the blockchain is to realize and ensure the completeness of the system.

4. There are four ways to define blockchain. One is a data structure, just like a book. Each page has a specific message and each page has a specific encoding. Determined; the second is an algorithm, an algorithm that properly coordinates and organizes a large number of specific data structures; the third is a complete technical solution, that is, the integration of data structures, algorithms, cryptography and security technology; the fourth is in general applications An umbrella term for a fully decentralized peer-to-peer system in a scenario.

5. The blockchain is a completely distributed point-to-point ledger system. It uses a special algorithm to coordinate the order of information generation in the block, and uses encryption technology to encrypt the blockchain data. connections to ensure system integrity.

6. Ownership management;

7. Ownership and witnesses. It is a good thing to have one witness, but having multiple independent witnesses is a way to prove to the prosecutor that you The key to innocence.

8. 3 steps to prove ownership

* Proof of owner

* Proof of ownership of things
< br /> * Provide a connection between the owner and things

9. Identity authentication, authentication, and authorization; identity authentication refers to confirming the user's identity; authentication refers to proving that you are indeed The person you claim to be; authorization refers to allowing you to access specific resources or obtain specific services based on previous identification.

10. The nature and significance of ledgers; publicity (reading data, viewing historical data, maintaining status) and privacy (writing data, creating new data, changing status)

11. The connection between ownership and blockchain:

* A single ledger can be used to record information related to ownership, and can be regarded as a ledger that stores data related to ownership in the blockchain. ;

* A single ledger is stored on nodes in a peer-to-peer system;

* The blockchain algorithm ensures that each node can synchronize to A state;

* SystemThe completeness is the key for the system to provide true and correct ownership description;

* Cryptography technology must be used in identity authentication, authentication, authorization and ensuring data security;

12. The meaning of double spending includes; problems caused by copying digital goods; possible problems in decentralized peer-to-peer distributed ledgers; an example of completeness violation in a fully distributed peer-to-peer system; Blockchain technology is a A way to solve the double-spending problem.

② Why supply chain blockchain is needed

Supply chain blockchain can improve the efficiency and transparency of the supply chain, reduce costs and risks, and enhance the competitiveness of enterprises.

③ Energy Blockchain Research | Why do we need blockchain technology?

When talking about blockchain technology with outsiders, they will always mention this question: Why do we need it? Blockchain? If you answer it incorrectly, even those who are interested may not want to know more about it, and it will make them think that blockchain does not bring anything new to the world.

In fact, blockchain technology has begun to get on the right track, and many industries have begun to use blockchain technology. Blockchain doesn’t always solve old problems in new ways. Compared with traditional methods, blockchain technology is safer, more cost-effective, and more transparent. This article will give answers to the above questions.

As we all know, the 21st century has brought about issues such as data breaches, misuse of personal information, and data insecurity. Blockchain combined with other technologies and services can help prevent some major information leaks and breaches because data is no longer stored in one place. If we want to truly understand how blockchain technology can help ordinary users, first, we must understand the types of services and platforms they use. For example:

Some blockchain companies are trying to replace all the products in the picture above. These attempted products are either decentralized or replaced by decentralized products. Many companies have shown time and time again that they don’t trust data and that users should get more out of it by selling their data to advertising companies.

The 2017 ICO boom swept the blockchain market, with hundreds of companies succeeding or failing seemingly overnight. But there are also benefits to this special investing period: Investors have learned how to spot innovative, high-quality companies. Some companies founded through ICOs still exist, while others raised funds during this period. The idea common to most companies is this: they allow users to control their data without interference or hosting. For example:

But is anyone really using these alternatives? The answer is yes, and it's growing well. Of course, some projects fail miserably and drag down the industry. After the ICO craze in 2017, as long as you pay a little attention, you will find that not all of these companies are successful.. However, success often comes with failure.

Even some early projects that seemed very successful have gradually lost their former glory, such as CryptoKitties. But you can learn how to get better from failure. The entire industry, users, developers and investors learned a lesson in a previously oversaturated market: it learned how to get better. Users learned how to better allocate their time among many new projects; investors learned which projects to invest in; developers learned what works and what doesn’t; and the industry learned how much new development is sustainable of.

Good ideas are no longer enough. There also needs to be a working product, a dedicated user base, and a concept. This is why Brave, Antube, and Alfa are some of the most forward-thinking projects on the market today—they answer the big question of why we need blockchain.

Data is important. When surfing the Internet, most Internet users provide data. This data is collected, classified, and monetized by large corporations. From this they learn who the user is and why they are buying. How to get users to buy is the key to their success. Alfa, Brave, and Antube are three unique companies trying to give users more control over their data.

Brave aims to transform the browsing experience. Previously, most people installed ad-blocking software on their browsers, but Brave is about to change that. Instead, the ad becomes an interactive experience that captures the user's attention in a short period of time, and all parties benefit.

Users should have more control over their data, but relying solely on blockchain and tokens will not solve the problem. A new blockchain with built-in economics should be developed.

Back to the original question: Why do we need blockchain?

It’s all about data. In the past, we relied on organizations to save data, but now blockchain provides users with keys and immutable records.

There are many ways to track the progress of a company or institution, but the easiest way is often to go straight to the source. Twitter will update in real time (Brave, Alfa, Antube), and checking forums such as Reddit, Bitcointalk, and articles on Hacker Noon can also provide valuable information. Whichever way you choose to update, just remember this: we want “our” data to belong to “us” — that’s why we need blockchain.

National Energy Information Platform contact number: 010-65367702, email: [email protected], address: People’s Daily, No. 2 Jintai West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing

④ Why should blockchain technology be used in the financial field, and what are the substantial benefits?

The main advantages of blockchain technology in the financial field are disintermediation and great reduction. cost.

First of all, the financial industry currently needs to conduct layer-by-layer audits to control financial risks to prevent single points of failure and systemic risks, but this also results in high internal costs. And due to the increasing number of regulatory regulations, especially the 2008 financial crisis, the threshold for financial control has continued to rise, and the war on terrorism has led to the scope of anti-money laundering and counter-terrorism financing, which has gradually expanded the breadth and depth of supervision, resulting in the entire financial The regulatory costs of the system have increased dramatically. In this case, blockchain technology can greatly reduce costs for the entire financial system through tamper-proof and highly transparent methods.
According to a report released by Santander, Spain’s largest bank, if all banks around the world use blockchain technology internally around 2020, they will save approximately US$20 billion in costs per year. Such data is enough to illustrate the tremendous changes and breakthroughs that "blockchain" has brought to the traditional financial field.

In addition, due to historical reasons, traditional financial institutions rely on central clearing houses for settlement and clearing, and the resulting problem is low efficiency. Traditional cross-border settlements go through institutions like SWIFT, so cross-border wire transfers are often calculated on a daily basis. However, when Bitcoin uses blockchain technology, it has been running perfectly for seven years without a centralized operating organization. Not only can it achieve real-time settlement and clearing, but there has been no accounting error.
So, if all financial systems can achieve decentralized real-time settlement and clearing, it will not only greatly improve global financial efficiency, but also change the pattern of global finance.

⑤ What exactly is blockchain? Decrypt the concept of blockchain

⑥ What does blockchain mean and what are its main uses

< p>In recent years, a hot word has appeared frequently on the Internet, and that is "blockchain". This word gives people a very noble and powerful feeling, but many people don't know what blockchain means? And what are the main uses of blockchain? Let’s take a look at the relevant content that has been issued.

Blockchain Blockchain is actually equivalent to a disintermediated database, which is composed of a string of rubber data blocks. Each of its data blocks contains information about a Bitcoin network transaction, which is used to verify the validity of the information and generate the next block. In other words, blockchain is essentially a decentralized database.

In a narrow sense, blockchain is a chain data structure that combines data blocks in chronological order and is cryptographically guaranteed. Distributed ledger that cannot be tampered with or forged. Broadly speaking, blockchain is actually a distributed infrastructure and computing method that is used to ensure the security of data transmission and access.

In addition, the blockchain is composed of six infrastructures: data layer, network layer, consensus layer, incentive layer, contract layer and application layer. Regarding its role, blockchain is mainly used to solve the trust and security issues of transactions. The above is the relevant content about the meaning and function of blockchain. I hope it can help friends in need.

⑦ Why blockchain is needed for second-hand housing transactions

With the rapid development of Internet technology, second-hand housing direct sales platforms have developed rapidly in recent years. Similar to "Lianjia Second-hand House Direct Sales Network" and "I Love My Home Without Intermediary Business", other representative second-hand house self-sale platforms aim to allow house buyers and house sellers to trade more directly, especially in the case of disputes arising from real estate intermediaries and transactions. have been solved to a certain extent. And will the emergence of these direct sales platforms de-intermediate second-hand housing transactions in the future?

Regarding this issue, we need to note that in the context of possible de-intermediation of second-hand housing transactions in the future, in addition to direct sales platforms, more reasons come from the development of blockchain technology. As blockchain technology becomes more mature, a new real estate platform called "Blockchain Real Estate Transaction Registration Platform" has begun to emerge, and its biggest feature is that it completely records housing transaction information on the blockchain. Let buyers and sellers have more security for each other.

From this perspective, the scenario in which second-hand housing transactions may be completely de-intermediated in the future is rather confusing. Because "complete deintermediation" does not mean "cancel the existence of brokers" or "cancel intermediary services", but means that house buyers and house sellers complete the house buying and selling process more directly through transactions on the blockchain platform. , and have more effective protection in terms of information.

But in any case, from the perspective of consumers, the impact of such deintermediation on consumers in the future will be extremely profound. On the one hand, based on blockchain registration, consumers can obtain a more convenient, secure and transparent housing transaction experience. For example, in house purchase and sale transactions, such a system will realize mutual supervision and use blockchain to eliminate unnecessary intervention by intermediaries. On the other hand, it will make consumers' housing transactions safer, and records of fraud that cannot be related to disintermediation will be completely recorded on the Bingzhi blockchain to protect consumers' legitimate rights and interests from infringement.

Taken together, the emergence of second-hand house direct sales platforms and the gradual maturity of blockchain technology will have a profound impact on second-hand house transactions in the future. Second-hand housing transactions may be de-intermediated in the future. In this context, consumers can obtain a more transparent, convenient and secure housing transaction experience, which will expand the development space of China's real estate market and help China's real estate industry become healthier and more stable. Development

⑧ How to view the country’s accelerated promotion of blockchain technology

1) First of all, clarified the technical value and positioning of blockchain. As I said at the beginning, the positioning of blockchain should be regarded as a core technology and an important breakthrough for independent innovation.
2) Blockchain, the Internet, and artificial intelligence must be regarded as technologies of the same level, and blockchain must officially enter the category of hard technology development.
3) It points out the development and application direction of our blockchain, including the speech mentioned in this speech that blockchain technology has extended to digital finance, Internet of Things, intelligent manufacturing, supply chain management, digital asset transactions, etc. In terms of application, some regulatory or legal issues will inevitably arise during the application process. What instructions were given in this speech? He mentioned that network governance according to law should be implemented into the management of blockchain and promote the safe and orderly development of blockchain.
4) Regarding the more important points of application and development, it is mentioned that blockchain can move from reality to reality, empower entities, improve people's livelihood, gain industrial advantages, and better serve the development of the entire industrial economy. In fact, through the study of blockchain technology, from one aspect or the signal released, it expresses the attitude towards innovation and leading of blockchain. I hope that in the development of blockchain, we can first have our own core technology, and we must In today's fierce international competition, we are in a leading position.
5) It is to enhance market confidence in the entire blockchain industry, especially in the application and development of blockchain technology. This has greatly improved market confidence, which is bound to attract more people in the next period of time. More, including the capital market and more talents and research applications will enter this field. More capital, more manpower, and more other social-related aspects including the rule of law and legislation, and multi-faceted attention, will better promote the application and implementation of the entire blockchain technology. This is my opinion on the area. Four points or summary of blockchain technology learning.
If you have been paying attention to blockchain for a long time, in fact, from the national level, including the "13th Five-Year Plan", blockchain technology has been included in the "13th Five-Year Plan" as an important link with artificial intelligence, Big data and cloud computing are being developed as parallel technologies, including the introduction in the second half of 2018, when the Cyberspace Administration of China issued a filing for blockchain application services, which actually affects the development of the entire blockchain from all aspects. Act as a positive guide or protector.
Of course, when it comes to blockchain, everyone may have said in their previous understanding that blockchain will always think of currency speculation and the like. Digital currency is actually only a relatively narrow area of ​​​​the blockchain field. , we now include support from the mainstream of modern society or the national level, more support for the application of blockchain technology in real industries, empowering the development of real industrial economies
The core advantage of blockchain technology is decentralization ization, which can realize point-to-point transactions, coordination and collaboration based on decentralized credit in a distributed system where nodes do not need to trust each other by using data encryption, timestamps, distributed consensus and economic incentives, thereby solving the problem of centralized institutions pervasive high costs, inefficiencies andProvides solutions to problems such as insecure data storage.
The application fields of blockchain include digital currency, certificates, finance, anti-counterfeiting and traceability, privacy protection, supply chain, entertainment, etc. With the popularity of blockchain and Bitcoin, many related top domain names have been registered. , which has had a relatively large impact on the domain name industry.

⑨ How important is blockchain

With its exquisite design concepts and thinking, blockchain can promote the reconstruction of rule systems in economic and social related fields and change the relationship between people and people. Collaborative relationships and benefit distribution mechanisms with organizations, organizations and organizations; at the same time, blockchain technology can effectively solve the "double spend problem", that is, to prevent the same digital asset from being reused due to improper operations.

This provides a solution to the problem of digital asset rights confirmation and transaction circulation, which can break through the problems such as digital asset rights confirmation and double spending that restrict digital development, and build Forming new production relations that adapt to the development of the digital economy has become the most important value of blockchain technology.

01 Reduce transaction intermediate links and promote cost reduction and efficiency improvement

There are a large number of rent-seeking intermediary organizations in various fields of economic and social life. Some of these organizations do not create real value, but only seek profits through the monopoly of business information or data. , artificially increasing unnecessary transaction links and costs.

Through the innovative application of blockchain, a self-organizing mechanism for economic behavior based on technology can be built to replace the business role of some intermediaries, which can greatly improve data acquisition. , consensus formation, accounting and reconciliation, and value transfer efficiency, further open up the upstream and downstream industrial chains, significantly reduce unnecessary intermediary organizations and intermediate links, improve the efficiency of effective docking of supply and demand in various industries, reduce the burden on the public and commercial entities, and promote The real economy reduces costs and increases efficiency.

02 Help confirm the rights of digital assets and stimulate innovation vitality

In the era of digital economy , data resources are becoming more and more important. In 2019, my country has officially regarded data as one of the seven production factors as important as labor, capital, land, knowledge, technology, and management, and has promoted the establishment of a data factor market system.

However, due to the difficulty in confirming data rights, tracing back, and dividing interests, data cannot yet achieve efficient market-oriented allocation and orderly circulation, seriously restricting the development of the digital economy. develop.

Based on the distributed, non-tamperable, traceable, transparent, multi-party maintenance, cross-verification and other characteristics of the blockchain, data ownership can be effectively defined, data circulation can be tracked and supervised, and data revenue can be reasonably shared, providing a basis for data production. Efficient market-oriented allocation of elements and other digital assets removes obstacles and is expected to reverse the current trend of increasing centralization of data ownership, use and benefit distribution, promote the entire society and digital economy to develop in a more trustworthy, shared, and balanced direction, and further unleash digital Economic innovation vitality.

03 Shortening the distance of trust and expanding the space for collaboration

Modern human lifestyle The changes and progress are all directly related to the development of science and technology. Scientific and technological revolutions always dialectically expand the territory of human activities while shortening the distance between them. Every major technological change is always accompanied by the collapse of "distance" in some sense, thus bringing convenience to people.

For example, the invention of transportation has expanded the radius of human activities and shortened the geographical distance between people; the invention of communication tools has expanded the radius of human "conversation" The physical distance has been shortened; the invention of the Internet has expanded the radius of human access to information and shortened the distance of information; the invention of artificial intelligence has expanded the radius of cognition and shortened the distance of cognition of the world.

Blockchain shortens the distance of trust

Today, blockchain has brought us a new radius expansion. Blockchain can form a trust mechanism based on cryptographic algorithms without relying on authoritative centers and market environments, allowing strangers who are thousands of miles apart, have never met or even never met to establish a trust relationship, expanding the radius of human trust, thus making strangers Cooperation becomes possible.

Especially in some regions and fields with imperfect market mechanisms and lack of credit systems, the value of blockchain technology is even more precious. Blockchain technology enables strangers to establish production relationships based on technical constraints, making it possible to carry out business cooperation in unfamiliar environments, and is expected to inspire a series of new business models.

04 Driving the Internet Revolution and Accelerating Value Delivery

The first 20 years of the 21st century , human society has experienced the comprehensive baptism and reconstruction of the Internet. "Internet +" has brought about earth-shaking changes in related industries and fields. People's lives have become more convenient because of the Internet, economic activities have become more active because of the Internet, and society has become more fair and open because of the Internet. .

However, the Internet mainly solves the problem of dissemination of information. It is difficult to judge the authenticity of information content, and there are still many constraints and obstacles to the transfer of digital assets. While the Internet brings great convenience, it is also filled with more and more false information, and has even become a hotbed for various new types of fraud. While people are becoming more and more dependent on the Internet, they are also increasingly wary of the Internet.

Based on blockchain technology, the next generation of reliable technology based on technical constraints can be built. Trusting the Internet and solving the trust problem of strangers on the traditional Internet will allow digital assets to circulate efficiently on the Internet. Based on blockchain technology, digital assets and intellectual property rights on the Internet can be effectively protected. Asset transactions between people will be as convenient as sending emails. People will put down their guard against the highly dependent Internet because of the innovation of blockchain technology. The Internet will give birth to more valuable applications.

05 Strengthen the constraints of the integrity system and purify the market environment

Blockchain is a Trust the machine. By promoting the deep integration of blockchain and the real economy, a market environment that is convenient, efficient, fair, competitive, stable and transparent can be created. The technical characteristics of blockchain technology that cannot be tampered with and are traceable can play a very important role in the innovation of trust mechanisms in regions and fields with imperfect market mechanisms and incomplete credit systems.

Under the traditional model, market supervision requires a heavy workload and is difficult to implement. Due to insufficient administrative law enforcement resources and regulatory means, it is widely hated by the public. The phenomena of laobao, counterfeit products and fraudulent behaviors are repeated and difficult to eradicate.

Blockchain technology can be formed without the need for intermediaries and laws and regulations. The conditional self-organization and self-supervision mechanism, and the non-tampering, non-repudiation, and non-manipulability of the distributed ledger actually play a role in technical supervision of various economic behaviors.

This will help solve problems such as difficulty in loan financing for small and medium-sized enterprises and difficulty in bank risk control; by recording the entire commodity production and transaction circulation process, it can significantly reduce the risk of counterfeit, shoddy, and shoddy goods. Various market frauds such as shoddy goods are used to solve problems such as difficulty in market supervision.

[This article comes from the "Popular Reader on Frontier Hot Technologies in the Field of Information Technology" published by People's Publishing House]

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⑩ Why the blockchain is so important

The role of blockchain technologyThe distributed ledger structure has the public characteristics of being irreversible and non-tamperable. It is not only used in the financial field, but also in supply chain management, intelligent manufacturing, culture and entertainment, financial services, medical health, IP copyright, education, Internet of Things, sharing economy, and communications. , social management, charity, social employment, and e-government can be widely used.
At present, domestic Internet and IT are involved in the blockchain industry, and are beginning to develop or launch a series of solutions for basic application cases. In the current development trend, integrating blockchain technology into smart life, the Internet of Things and other fields, integrating massive physical business application scenarios, carrying out blockchain + physical industry projects, and realizing the physical transformation and upgrading of the physical industry are the most promising ones. One of the representative blockchain application directions.