区块链用在供应链中的应用,区块链用在供应链哪里

区块链作为一种新兴的技术，在供应链中有着广泛的应用。本文将介绍区块链在供应链中的三大关键词：去中心化、可信赖性和跨境支付。

去中心化：区块链是一种去中心化的技术，它可以将供应链中的信息和交易进行加密，并将其分布式地存储在网络中的节点上。这种去中心化的特性使得供应链中的信息和交易可以得到有效的保护，并且这些信息和交易不受任何中心化组织的控制，因此可以更有效地防止供应链中的欺诈行为。

可信赖性：区块链技术的可信赖性是其在供应链中最重要的优势之一。通过使用区块链技术，可以构建一个可信赖的网络，使得供应链中的信息和交易得到有效的安全保护，同时可以更有效地管理供应链中的货物流转和货币流转。此外，区块链技术还可以有效地提高供应链中的透明度，使得供应链中的各个参与方可以获得实时的信息，从而更有效地实现供应链的协同。

跨境支付：区块链技术还可以用于跨境支付，从而改善供应链中的货币流转。区块链技术可以极大地减少跨境支付的时间和成本，使得跨境支付更加便捷和安全。此外，区块链技术还可以有效地防止跨境支付中的欺诈行为，从而提高跨境支付的安全性。

总之，区块链技术在供应链中可以极大地提高信息安全性和可信赖性，同时也可以改善供应链中的货币流转，从而更有效地实现供应链的协同。

Does blockchain need to be adopted by all companies in the supply chain?

Blockchain needs to be adopted by all companies in the supply chain. According to relevant public information, blockchain and supply chain are inseparable. Blockchain can play a role in the planning, procurement, manufacturing, delivery, and recycling of the supply chain. Therefore, blockchain needs to be adopted by all companies in the supply chain. of.

㈡ Blockchain can improve the transparency and flexibility of the supply chain

Today’s market competition has become increasingly dynamic and demanding, resulting in a challenging competitive environment. To adapt to this dynamic environment, supply chains increasingly rely on collaboration, integration, flexibility and trust among those taking over. Therefore, new technology applications are becoming increasingly important in supply chains.

In order to improve supply chain process control, Maoqiu Technology believes that modern professional applications must be implemented. Blockchain technology has become an essential part of today’s competitive environment. Companies should invest in blockchain technology to quickly respond to changing market conditions and demands in today’s dynamic business environment.

According to a paper report released by MDPI, blockchain solves the two main problems of traceability and transaction irreversibility in the supply chain, thereby effectively improving the transparency of the supply chain. Transparency, as a point of importance to all stakeholders in the supply chain, can ensure that product information can be viewed and obtained in a timely manner, thereby reducing losses caused by information delays.

Supply chain transparency is primarily based on information about the movement of products along the supply chain. If companies are to maintain the ability to proactively communicate with stakeholders to gain visibility and traceability of supply chain operations, they can ensure the visibility and Accessibility.

In the above manner, stakeholder feedback can be included in the blockchain to improve the performance capabilities of the supply chain. In addition, the history of a product can be tracked throughout the supply chain, and a clear picture of current activity can be displayed. Companies can confront environmental or social issues through transparency by articulating core values ​​to reduce uncertainty in public markets.

Many stakeholders have high hopes for blockchain because of its capabilities such as real-time information sharing, security, immutability, and transparency. With its proof-of-work and distributed database structure, blockchain can increase supply chain transparency while using real-time distributed data sharing to enable stakeholders to identify data related to product quality, location, transactions and procedures.

These capabilities of blockchain enable product tracking, allow for comprehensive product verification and product authorization throughout the transaction process, and provide end-to-end auditing based on permissions across the organization. Blockchain reduces the opportunistic behavior of trading partners in terms of information tampering, corruption, fraud, etc.

Therefore, blockchain provides transparency in transactions between trading partners, thereby increasing trust, and blockchain strengthens suppliers, customers, outsourcing, 3PLs and distribution by developing effective strategic planning tools. The relationship between contractors makes the supply chain more efficient and transparent.

Blockchain technology can help build trust and reputation by bringing transparency to supply chains. Large-scale blockchain solutions have the ability to completely redesign reputation management and detect fraud across entire networks. Blockchain consensus provides a solid foundation for the unification of opinions and the ability to achieve higher transparency. Establishing a decentralized supply chain based on blockchain technology instead of a centralized supply chain in the supply chain obviously has the advantages of being more efficient and transparent.

As supplies become more widely distributed, the risk of conflicts, mismatches and inconsistencies in traditional supply chains increases. Blockchain can allow for better tracking and reporting, increasing transparency in supply chain processes, thereby improving delivery schedules. For example, GPS-based vehicle tracking devices can be used with blockchain to provide the blockchain with data that cannot be overwritten and tampered with, which can reduce costs and increase efficiency when it comes to logistics vehicle tracking.

Contemporary supply chains are more complex, dynamic and uncertain than ever because they involve many departments. So creating a flexible supply chain is key to achieving sustainable competitive advantage. A flexible supply chain improves delivery processes and quickly moves products to required markets.

Business transactions are becoming increasingly volatile and global. Agility is achieved when a company can effectively respond and adapt to competitor disruptions and demand changes throughout the supply chain to meet customer needs.

Rapid economic and technological development requires increased flexibility in both internal (marketing and manufacturing) and external (supply and distribution) supply chains. Companies with flexible supply chains can be more resilient in uncertain situations. Respond quickly and provide the company with the ability to demonstrate products and services quickly and effectively.

In a globalized world, competition has spread to the entire supply chain, not just companies. Therefore, supply chain members need to reorganize themselves to balance the organization's ability to respond to market changes by increasing flexibility.

In today's economic environment, companies outsource some business processes to ensure supply chain flexibility, which often results in a loss of control and visibility of various logistics operations. Thanks to digital technologies, visibility into integrated transport and logistics systems will be achieved at all stages of goods delivery, from manufacturer to end user. Companies need to share information directly so it can be quickly applied to every company in the supply chain, thereby increasing supply chain agility.

So this requires different information to ensure that the chain can function as a whole. Therefore, transfer from one organ to anotherThe organ information should be helpful and available to other places in the chain.

Blockchain technology serves customers by facilitating tracking and tracing of orders from various stages of production to delivery and quick adjustments. The applications brought about by blockchain technology can only be implemented at specific touch points in the network if accepted by the relevant parties, thus controlling the data security of all supply chain transactions.

Blockchain can increase supply chain visibility and enable real-time data sharing over the network. Therefore, blockchain can support supply chain flexibility strategies by reducing the number of stakeholders affected by disruptions.

At the same time, blockchain can also quickly integrate all on-chain processes to improve forecasting and management of demand, thereby achieving more realistic supply and inventory management.

Blockchain technology has become one of the most common concepts today. As digitization becomes a common phenomenon, we have begun to digitize our assets.

Blockchain can serve as an effective tool to build trust in the supply chain by increasing transparency and flexibility in the supply chain. However, Maoqiu Technology also believes that the real implementation of blockchain in supply chain applications cannot be separated from mutual trust between enterprises. Only in this way can an effective consensus foundation be formed, mutual collaboration capabilities can be improved, and the operating efficiency of the supply chain can be improved.

㈢ Blockchain technology realizes full-process visualization of the supply chain

Blockchain essentially solves privacy and security protection, information traceability, transaction compliance, data authenticity and The process handles efficiency issues and directly addresses the difficulties of supply chain management. It has strong applicability and application value in supply chain scenarios.

Data sharing: Through information encryption and decryption authorization, zero-knowledge proof and other privacy protection mechanisms, blockchain can solve the long-standing contradiction between data privacy and data sharing value, and eliminate the concerns of relevant parties in data sharing. No worries;

Data traceability and qualification assurance: Blockchain is a traceable block chain data structure built in a peer-to-peer network environment, which has the characteristics of data traceability and anti-counterfeiting and tampering , ensuring the true traceability of the entire chain data (including supply chain status information and related enterprise qualification information, etc.). True and traceable data will become an important basis for product anti-counterfeiting, supply chain management, supply chain finance and other business development;

Currently, blockchain technology is mainly used in four representative scenarios in the supply chain field: (1) Traceability and visualization (2) Supply chain collaboration (3) Logistics process optimization (4) Supply chain finance.

Blockchain + IoT technology can realize full-chain visualization of the supply chain. Among them, the characteristics of blockchain technology such as distributed storage, non-tampering, and consensus mechanism ensure that relevant partiesThe storage and circulation of data are authentic and trustworthy. The Internet of Things technology can ensure the comprehensiveness of the on-chain data and its authenticity and reliability. The combination of the two jointly improves the coverage and authenticity of data in the upstream and downstream of the supply chain.

As an enterprise-level blockchain service platform, Jiamu Technology is committed to building a more secure and stable blockchain environment for customers, simplifying deployment, operation, maintenance and development processes, and achieving rapid business on-chain.

Both upstream and downstream companies in the supply chain, as well as consumers and regulators, will benefit from this supply chain visibility. Jiamu Technology believes that for upstream and downstream companies in the supply chain, having a complete product traceability system has become a crucial and differentiated success factor for relevant companies to respond to consumer demand.

For example, in the fresh food industry, fresh food manufacturers and retail companies can accurately control the temperature, humidity and storage time of each link through blockchain + IoT. By combining the three-party data of inventory, logistics and shelves, Through analysis, the real fresh product consumption situation can be fed back to the upstream of the supply chain, optimizing the procurement rhythm and purchasing decisions, timely adjusting inventory levels and turnover rates, effectively carrying out distribution at the distribution end, and reducing product losses. Thereby optimizing inventory management, improving the quality of fresh products, and gaining favor from consumers.

For consumers, they can scan the traceability code to realize the full-process traceability of goods down to one item and one code, and easily read product quality information. For regulatory agencies, in the context of the country’s increasing requirements for commodity safety supervision, blockchain + IoT provides the necessary technical support to improve supervision efficiency and accuracy.

At present, commodity traceability technology based on blockchain and the Internet of Things has been implemented in many scenarios such as food traceability and drug traceability. Large consumer goods manufacturing companies, retailers, and government regulatory authorities are actively involved in related blockchain construction.

The promotion of industry-level applications of blockchain is inseparable from people’s deepening understanding of blockchain technology. Jiamu Technology actively promotes the implementation of blockchain technology, pays close attention to the development of the industry and actively sorts out the industry. dynamic. Driven by favorable policies, more companies will participate in the construction of the blockchain landscape in the future, conduct innovative research and work together in the research and development of underlying technology, promotion of application scenarios, and cultivation of industrial ecology to jointly build blockchain prosperity. picture.

㈣ How to use blockchain in supply chain finance

Problems such as data fraud and untrustworthy data exist, which have brought difficulties to many application scenarios such as financial supervision and risk control. Serious challenges have arisen, and they are becoming a major obstacle to large-scale data interconnection and sharing. The issue of data authenticity and credibility has long affected all areas of society.In the era of artificial intelligence, this impact will be even more prominent.

Data falsification may occur at any stage. Among them, falsification during data storage is often easier: because under existing data storage technology, the owner, manager or entrusted storage party of the data has the ability to unilaterally tamper with or delete the data at will.

Since an important reason for the untrustworthiness of data is that one party can tamper with and delete data without authorization, how to avoid this problem has naturally attracted a lot of attention in the industry. The birth of blockchain and decentralized storage technology has played a certain role in curbing data tampering, and has also achieved preliminary verification in the market.

Many companies are beginning to try to use blockchain to store data, such as in cargo traceability and other scenarios. The approach is often to write important data directly into the block. This simple and crude approach does solve the need to prevent data from being deleted, and then satisfies the trustworthy sharing of some data, but there are many problems:

First of all, it is unable to store massive data: the block is not suitable Store big data including multimedia data, otherwise the block size will be difficult to control, making the scalability of the blockchain worse. This results in the need to filter and select native data in the business, and only select a small amount of necessary data to store in blocks, but this will reduce the richness of trusted data.

The second is the low efficiency of data access: First, due to the existence of the packaging process, blockchain data storage is generally not used for high-speed data writing. Secondly, due to the traversal data reading method, the blockchain cannot support fast indexing, let alone SQL.

The data maintenance efficiency is low again: due to its sequential reference characteristics, the blockchain does not support the deletion and modification of individual historical data (unless the entire chain is regenerated, but this is not what the blockchain should do) encouraged behavior). It should be noted here: "Put an end to unilateral private tampering" and "No deletion at all" are two completely different things. The former is a technical means to ensure mutual trust, but the latter may be a loss of necessary function points.

Finally, there is the risk of data loss: this risk refers solely to the PoW blockchain system that adopts the longest chain principle of Satoshi Nakamoto consensus. In this type of blockchain, when a chain fork occurs, the longest (or heaviest) chain branch will be retained, and other branches will be discarded, which makes the data in the block actually exist forever and be "subverted" ”, the risk of being discarded. The existence of attacks such as selfish mining will exacerbate this risk. This is unacceptable in data storage applications.

It is precisely because of the above reasons that directly using traditional blockchain for data storage obviously cannot meet the needs for trusted data storage in a large number of practical scenarios. This issue has also triggered a lot of discussions, such as "what data should be stored on the chain and what data should be stored off the chain." The root cause of these problems is due to the limited storage efficiency and capabilities of the blockchain itself. After all, in the database era, we never talk about "what data should be stored outside the database".

In recent years, some products have emerged, providing useful practices to solve the above-mentioned inefficiency problem of blockchain data storage, such as:

Interstellar File System IPFS, R3's Corda, Tencent TrustSQL, etc. However, these products still have more or less problems in the trusted storage of data. Specifically:

IPFS generates a hash summary of the data content and performs distributed storage among multiple nodes. A single The holder does not have complete data, thus protecting data privacy to a certain extent. However, IPFS can only be modified and known (because the hash value will change due to content changes), and there are no data security measures such as access control. Overall, it is still difficult to meet the needs of enterprise-level services.

Corda is a storage product tailored for the privacy needs of financial transactions, focusing on the privacy of data storage. For this reason, Corda does not have a global ledger and requires the existence of witnesses. It is a private but not secure and trustworthy data storage solution.

TrustSQL and other similar domestic products adopt a simple and intuitive design idea, which is also the most common practice in China at present, that is: first store the data in the database (or IPFS), and then store the operation records and data The hash etc. are stored on the chain. Compared with TrustSQL, some similar products such as Zhongxianbit’s ChainSQL have further improved their support for SQL. This type of product meets the needs of "auditable" and "transparent supervision" of data, but the disadvantage is that it still cannot prevent the deletion and modification of the data itself, but can only make the "deletion and modification visible"; in addition, the preservation of key data requires participation. The storage cost of full copy storage of nodes is slightly higher. And the design in terms of data privacy is still insufficient.

In view of the shortcomings in the above products, Wuyuan Technology has explored a different path through original technological innovation and launched an independent intellectual property product "ImSQL", aiming to provide a method that can truly ensure data integrity. Trusted storage products that have been tampered with or deleted without permission.

ImSQL (Immutable SQL Database) is a new type of trusted data storage solution based on blockchain and distributed storage technology, and perfectly solves the problem of "preventing private deletion" and "protecting data privacy" , "reducing storage costs" and other core issues provide a reliable technical path for trusted storage and data sharing in the big data era.

Compared with existing products, ImSQL has the following outstanding advantages:

1. Completely prevent unilateral unauthorized tampering and deletion of data. By conducting multi-party verification in both storage and retrieval processes and preventing tampering and deletion during the storage process, the authenticity and credibility of the data are fully guaranteed, so that participants in the application can trust each other and adopt other parties' data with confidence, so that the data can Support accurate traceability and accountability.

2． Eliminate single points of failure. While multiple parties share data, they also jointly maintain the data. The data does not only exist in one party, fundamentally realizing distributed data.A trusted shared pool not only avoids the risk of single point failure, but also improves data sharing efficiency.

3． Fragmented storage meets data privacy requirements and prevents any party from mastering complete data, thus solving the data privacy issues that exist in traditional cloud computing’s centralized storage or blockchain full copy storage. Complete data is not available to any storage custodian other than the data owner.

4． Excellent data access performance: ImSQL can achieve a writing speed of 3,000 TPS and a reading speed of 10,000 QPS on a single node. In addition, ImSQL also has the following advantages: supports SQL language, can be horizontally expanded, has excellent access performance and user experience, and can make full use of cluster expansion to further increase the above indicators several times.

5． It meets the efficient access requirements for big data such as multimedia, supports efficient access, efficient indexing, and efficient expansion, and is truly competent in big data business scenarios. It can achieve both reliable and efficient storage of video and other data, thereby providing solutions for video surveillance and other scenarios. An unprecedented trustworthy security experience.

6． The adoption of a sharded design greatly reduces the storage pressure and cost of each storage participant, giving more participants the opportunity to join and participate in the ecosystem of trusted data sharing.

7. Distributed architecture, compatible with light nodes, encourages more nodes to participate. There are no super nodes, and the nodes participating in storage have the same status, which better ensures the reliability and invulnerability of the system. In addition, if a node chooses to run in light copy mode, it can only store part of the data, greatly reducing its own storage pressure. Although its obligations are reduced, its power will not be affected in any way.

ImSQL takes into account database attributes such as massive storage, fast indexing, and horizontal expansion, as well as the blockchain characteristics of data being stored and solidified. It is expected to be used in many fields that focus on trusted data storage and sharing. It brings unprecedented user experience and convenience, such as: realizing the interoperability and mutual trust of data from all parties in the supply chain, realizing the interconnection and interoperability of data between various departments of the government or large enterprises, and supporting the storage of massive data related to trusted traceability, etc.

Take government big data construction as an example. Achieving efficient data interconnection among the many different government departments and entities has always been a difficult problem. The current practice often requires the establishment of an independent big data department and an independent data storage system, which pulls relevant data from different entities, analyzes it, reconstructs it, and then visualizes it. This often brings about large upfront expenses, including explicit expenses such as people, finances, and materials, as well as implicit expenses such as staffing, rights, responsibilities, interests, time costs, and department walls. At the same time, the existence of an independent big data department also implies the need for a trusted third party to endorse or even assume responsibility. If ImSQL is used as the underlying platform for data interoperability in this scenario, this task can be completed more efficiently, as shown in:

There is no need to rely on third-party entity endorsement: data between different entities can be Write directly to ImSQL, and the data will be preserved as soon as it is written. The data can no longer be tampered with or modified privately by any party.Deletion ensures the availability, consistency and credibility when other entities access the data at any time;

There is no need to establish and maintain additional data storage systems: the data is jointly stored and maintained by all participating entities, naturally Sharing and connecting can reduce system implementation and maintenance costs without reducing usage efficiency. At the same time, ImSQL's data fragmentation storage technology can realize data sharing while also taking into account privacy protection. That is, the data stored by all entities can be incomplete fragments, and only those entities with access rights can search for fragmented data. , keys to combination and interpretation.

In summary, as a reliable and tamper-proof data storage technology, ImSQL fully inherits the advantages of blockchain data preservation, and breaks through the efficiency weaknesses of blockchain, providing a Users are provided with the same efficient data access experience as the database. ImSQL is a new category created by the combination of blockchain and database technology, and it is the best choice to achieve trusted data storage.

㈤ What is the main value of the supply chain blockchain?

The main value of the supply chain blockchain lies in the following aspects:

Improving the supply chain Chain transparency: Blockchain technology can realize the sharing and recording of supply chain information, thereby improving the transparency and visibility of the supply chain. By sharing and recording supply chain information, potential risks can be better identified and managed, and overall supply chain efficiency improved.

Strengthen supply chain security: Blockchain technology can ensure that data is not tampered with or forged, thereby strengthening supply chain security. For example, during the procurement and transportation of raw materials, blockchain technology can be used to better track the flow of goods and prevent counterfeit and shoddy products or malicious attacks.

Optimize supply chain costs: Blockchain technology can simplify complex transaction links in the supply chain, thereby reducing supply chain costs. For example, in trade finance, using blockchain can simplify transaction processes and reduce labor and time costs.

Improve supply chain efficiency: Blockchain technology can speed up the transmission and processing of supply chain information and optimize supply chain efficiency. For example, in the logistics process, the use of block chain can realize automated processing and tracking, improving logistics efficiency and accuracy.

Promote supply chain cooperation: Blockchain technology can establish a decentralized data sharing platform, allowing different nodes in the supply chain to better collaborate and trust each other. Blockchain technology can change traditional competitive relationships and establish a more cooperative and fair supply chain ecosystem.

To sum up, the main value of supply chain blockchain lies in its advantages in improving supply chain transparency, strengthening supply chain security, optimizing supply chain costs, improving supply chain efficiency, and promoting supply chain cooperation. , thereby realizing the digital transformation and upgrading of the supply chain.

㈥ How to use blockchain in supply chain finance

In traditional supply chain finance, difficult financing, high financing costs, and cumbersome financing processes have always restricted small, medium and micro enterprises from growing bigger. A strong bottleOne of the neck. The bank relies on the core enterprise's ability to control goods and regulate sales. For risk control reasons, the bank is only willing to provide factoring business to upstream suppliers (limited to first-tier suppliers) that have direct accounts payable obligations of the core enterprise, or Provide advance payment or inventory financing to its downstream dealers (first-tier suppliers). This has resulted in the needs of second- and third-tier suppliers/dealers with huge financing needs not being met, and the business volume of supply chain finance being restricted. The lack of timely financing for small and medium-sized enterprises can easily lead to product quality problems. , will harm the entire supply chain system.

To solve these problems, the decentralized, non-tamperable, and distributed ledger characteristics of blockchain technology can be used to create a blockchain supply chain financial platform.

1. The core enterprise issues a receivable voucher to the distributor. After the distributor signs the receipt, it indicates that a purchase and sales contract has been signed, and the core enterprise delivers the goods.

2. Distributors need financial loans due to financial constraints.

3. The financial institution will transfer the loan amount to the core enterprise after review and approval.

4. Distributors repay the loan and interest after selling the goods

㈦ What are the main development trends of supply chain blockchain

The main development trends include digitalization , intelligence, sustainability, collaboration, globalization, etc.