区块链项目质量如何评判,区块链项目质量如何评判好坏

评判区块链项目质量，最重要的关键词有：技术实现、市场前景和团队能力。

首先，技术实现是评判区块链项目质量最重要的指标。首先，需要了解项目的技术架构，以及其中的关键技术，比如智能合约、共识算法、账本技术等，是否具备安全、稳定、可扩展等特点，以及是否能够满足用户的需求。其次，需要了解项目的技术实现，比如是否有可行的落地方案，如何实现可信计算，如何防止攻击等，以及是否有完善的安全体系。

其次，市场前景也是评判区块链项目质量的重要指标。首先，需要了解项目的市场定位，比如是否有明确的市场定位，是否有可行的商业模式，是否有有效的市场推广策略等，以及是否有可行的技术落地方案。其次，需要了解项目的市场潜力，比如是否有可行的市场营销策略，是否有可靠的市场资源，是否有可观的市场份额等，以及是否有可行的市场投入计划。

最后，团队能力也是评判区块链项目质量的重要指标。首先，需要了解项目的团队组成，比如是否有实力强大的技术团队，是否有专业的运营团队，是否有经验丰富的投资团队等，以及是否有高效的管理团队。其次，需要了解团队的经验，比如是否有可行的管理体系，是否有经验丰富的管理团队，是否有可靠的技术团队，以及是否有完善的商业模式。

综上所述，技术实现、市场前景和团队能力是评判区块链项目质量最重要的指标，只有在这三方面都达到了较高水平，才能够说明项目的质量较高，才有可能获得成功。

1. What are the characteristics of blockchain

Characteristics of blockchain

One of the four characteristics of blockchain: cannot be tampered< /p>

The most easily understood feature of blockchain is that it cannot be tampered with.

Immutability is based on the unique ledger of "block+chain": blocks containing transactions are continuously added to the end of the chain in chronological order. To modify the data in a block, all blocks after it need to be regenerated.
One of the important functions of the consensus mechanism is to make it extremely costly to modify a large number of blocks, making it almost impossible. Taking blockchain networks that use proof-of-work (such as Bitcoin and Ethereum) as an example, only 51% of the computing power can regenerate all blocks to tamper with data. However, destroying data is not in the self-interest of players with large computing power, and this practical design enhances the reliability of data on the blockchain.
Generally, the transaction data in the blockchain ledger can be regarded as not being "modified", it can only be "corrected" through approved new transactions. The process of modification will leave traces, which is why the blockchain is said to be tamper-proof. Tampering refers to alteration or distortion by false means.
In commonly used files and relational data, the system itself does not record modification traces unless special design is adopted. The blockchain ledger adopts a different design from files and databases. It draws on the actual ledger design - retaining record traces. Therefore, we cannot "modify" the ledger without leaving traces, but can only "amend" the ledger (see Figure 2).

Figure 6: Bitcoin is organizationally decentralized and logically centralized

In envisioning future organizations At the time, the ideal prototype in our minds was often the Bitcoin organization: a fully decentralized autonomous organization. But in practice, for the sake of efficiency and advancement, we will move slightly closer to a centralized organization and eventually find a suitable balance point.

Now, among blockchain projects that create and issue tokens through Ethereum’s smart contracts and operate in a community or ecological manner, the ideal state of many projects is an organization similar to Bitcoin , but the actual situation is between a completely decentralized organization and a traditional company.

When discussing decentralized self-organization, the fourth feature of blockchain, we are actually moving beyond the world of code to involve human organization and collaboration. Now, various discussions and practical explorations have also revealed the significance of blockchain beyond technology: it may serve as infrastructure to support human production organization and collaborative changes. This is another example that blockchain and the Internet are completely isomorphic. The Internet is not just a technology, it has changed people's organization and collaboration.

In general, Ethereum brings blockchain to a new stage. When discussing Ethereum, if we want to summarize two key words, thenSo these two keywords are smart contracts and tokens respectively; and if I can only say one, I would choose "token". I would rather look to the history of the Internet to find its meaning, repeating the previous analogy: tokens, as representations of value, play a similar role to HTML. After having HTML, what kind of website we build depends entirely on our imagination.

2. What should you pay attention to when choosing a blockchain project?

In the bear market of blockchain, how to find truly valuable blockchain projects? The editor will explain from the following aspects:

1. Use the Blockchain Security Technology Testing Center to see if it is a pyramid scheme coin or an air coin

Any project regardless of concept is boasted How advanced, how exaggerated the propaganda slogans are, but when it comes to the essence, it still depends on technology. Blockchain projects without technology are like the emperor's new clothes. They need a mirror that reflects the emperor's new clothes - blockchain Security Technology Testing Center.

Ulord public chain technology provider Tianhe Guoyun is one of the important sponsors of the Blockchain Security Technology Testing Center. The code audit function it provides is for the Blockchain Security Technology Testing Center to identify blockchain projects. A weapon for both good and bad. Code auditing uses machine learning and artificial intelligence to establish a knowledge base for automatic auditing of blockchain codes. It can improve the efficiency of code auditing and solve the security issues of smart contracts. The blockchain code audit business prevents digital asset security incidents by conducting quality assessments on blockchain projects, exchanges, wallets and smart contract codes, and provides services such as code revision measures and security protection deployment. It is reported that in addition to automatic auditing, Tianhe Guoyun's blockchain code audit can also customize expert team projects to conduct comprehensive audits to help investors identify "fake projects" to a greater extent.

2. Look at the blockchain project team

The blockchain field can be regarded as a comprehensive field, involving cryptography, mathematics, economics and even social management. Subject. We have a reliable team. As I mentioned above, the Ulord project has brought together a large number of high-level R&D and operations personnel.

3. It is not just a hot concept, but also its application.

There are many startups in the blockchain field. If you want to become a few high-quality projects that are widely recognized, just speculating on concepts or theories will not work. Only projects with hematopoiesis capabilities and practical implementation are good projects.

The current application DAPP Ushare based on the Ulord public chain has been officially launched on October 15th. Ushare is the world's first decentralized experience value sharing platform and the first DAPP based on the Ulord public chain. Through a decentralized consensus mechanism, we will build an open, fair and just content evaluation system, encourage high-quality experience producers and experience sharing disseminators, and allow the value of high-quality experience to flow.

There are also nearly a hundred teams and projects that are negotiating and cooperating with the Ulord public chain.

4. The community has itAutonomous Attributes

Whether the community has the attributes of a DAO (Distributed Autonomous Organization), this is naturally suitable for blockchain,

About the governance of the community. Whether it is the operation model of the community or the organizational form of the developer community, it is actually in a process of quantitative change to qualitative change. Everyone has realized the important role of community.

Ulord adopts a community autonomy model in which “everyone can participate and everyone can contribute to the ecology”.

We will have some new community governance models, including collaboration among some developers, and large-scale open source community collaboration models will be born and flourish.

The incentive system mainly includes three aspects: first, participation in accounting; second, contribution to network resources; third, participation in community building. As mentioned above, in the accounting part of our entire budget system, the POW + PoS part accounts for 60%, the code contribution level of participating in the open source community accounts for 10%, and the remaining 10% is used as an incentive for community operations. Therefore, we hope that more people can participate in the construction and promotion of Ulord. We hope to build a platform, but the dividends obtained from this platform should be shared with everyone to the greatest extent. This is also fundamentally different from Internet products.

3. How to judge whether a blockchain project is worth investing in?

How to evaluate the PAYC project? Is it worth investing in?
How to evaluate a blockchain project? This question ultimately asks whether the project is reliable? Regarding this point, we can analyze PAYC from multiple dimensions.
1. Project technical strength: First of all, PAYC adopts a distributed structure for platform data accounting, dissemination and storage, and consists of two parts: block header and block body. The data block structure consists of two parts: PoW and BFT-DPOS. The hybrid consensus mechanism improves the overall operating efficiency of the platform. And through smart contracts, unexpected events can be minimized.
2. Project implementation scenario: In essence, PAYC is actually a distributed data sharing platform, which means that it can break down barriers between industries to achieve data sharing. This feature makes it applicable in all walks of life. space, including cross-border settlement, smart emergence, insurance, financial investment, Internet of Things and other fields.
3. Project development plan: From the current perspective, the development stage of PAYC includes at least three major stages: the construction of big data infrastructure for the Internet of Things, the construction of original chain ecological rights infrastructure, and the construction of post-ecological construction. Only then can it be possible to truly realize the data aggregation and sharing distribution.
4. Digital currency trends: Judging from the BTK (Bit King) international digital asset trading platform, PAYC has been rising all the way since its launch, hitting a high and then falling slightly. Then it experienced a 50% increase in a single day and shot up again. Overall It shows a volatile trend, which reflects the active trading volume.
Taken together, PAYC has the value and prospects for application implementation.The project as a whole is in the preliminary development stage, so the PAYC currency itself has very great investment value. In addition, it has already performed so well that it is worth entering.

4. What are the requirements for blockchain to develop better

Speaking of blockchain, more and more people are now aware of it, especially In first- and second-tier cities, various blockchain companies are springing up in endlessly. At present, in the blockchain industry, the most popular project area is anti-counterfeiting traceability, such as DITO, TAC traceability links, etc. So, if the blockchain project wants to develop better, what points do it need to have?

1. The security of the blockchain must be high

If it is safe If there are big sexual problems, then the development of blockchain will be greatly hindered. The absence of security means that the blockchain will not develop. No one wants to use an application or technology that has no security guarantee.

2. The efficiency of blockchain must be fast

Now we are in a fast-paced environment and what we pursue is high efficiency. The project must be able to support large-scale transactions and achieve speeds similar to those of WeChat and Alipay.

3. Blockchain needs to build an ecosystem

Building a community is even more important in blockchain projects. The community is the promoter of blockchain applications. While building a community, it is more critical to find applications.

4. Blockchain needs to be more intelligent

Many things in the future will be intelligent, and if blockchain wants to continue to develop in the future, it will Breakthroughs in intelligence are also needed.

If the current blockchain projects on the market can possess the above four characteristics, then it will be just around the corner for the blockchain technology field to surpass traditional Internet technology. However, the current application of blockchain technology has not yet It’s immature and there is still a long way to go.

5. How do people judge which digital currency trading platform is the most reliable?

The reliability of the judgment mainly depends on whether the platform has a formal digital currency license, which is equivalent to an exchange. business license, so it can be used as one of the criteria for judging.
In addition, you should choose an exchange based on your own needs. Factors such as handling fees are also within the scope of personal needs.
In general, there is no completely reliable exchange. If you choose, you can only choose the exchange that suits you.

6. How to detect the risk level of blockchain smart contracts

With the acceleration of digital transformation in Shanghai, blockchain technology has been widely used in government affairs, finance, logistics, justice, etc. It has been widely used in many fields. During the application process, not only new business forms and business models were born, but also many security issues were created.Therefore, safety supervision is particularly important. As one of the important means of supervision, security evaluation has become a focus of many blockchain R&D manufacturers and application companies. This article talks about some of our exploration and practice on the blockchain compliance security assessment that everyone is concerned about.
1. Blockchain technology evaluation
Blockchain technology evaluation is generally divided into functional testing, performance testing and security evaluation.
1. Functional testing
Functional testing is a test of the basic functions supported by the underlying blockchain system, with the purpose of measuring the capabilities of the underlying blockchain system.
Blockchain functional testing is mainly based on GB/T 25000.10-2016 "System and Software Quality Requirements and Evaluation (SQuaRE) Part 10: System and Software Quality Model", GB/T 25000.51-2016 "System and Software Quality" Requirements and Evaluation (SQuaRE) Part 51: Quality Requirements and Testing Details for Ready to Use Software Products (RUSP)" and other standards to verify whether the software under test meets the requirements of relevant test standards.
Blockchain function testing specifically includes networking methods and communication, data storage and transmission, encryption module availability, consensus function and fault tolerance, smart contract function, system management stability, chain stability, privacy protection, and interoperability , account and transaction types, private key management solutions, audit management and other modules.
2. Performance testing
Performance testing is a type of test implemented and executed to describe the performance-related characteristics of the test object and evaluate it. Most of them are used in project acceptance evaluation to verify the established Whether the technical indicators are completed.
Blockchain performance testing specifically includes high-concurrency stress test scenarios, peak impact test scenarios, long-term stable operation test scenarios, query test scenarios and other modules.
3. Security Assessment
Blockchain security assessment mainly conducts security testing and evaluation of account data, cryptography mechanisms, consensus mechanisms, smart contracts, etc.
The main basis for blockchain security evaluation is "DB31/T 1331-2021 General Requirements for Blockchain Technology Security". You can also refer to standards such as "JR/T 0193-2020 Blockchain Technology Financial Application Assessment Rules" and "JR/T 0184-2020 Financial Distributed Ledger Technology Security Specifications" based on actual testing needs.
Blockchain security assessment specifically includes storage, network, computing, consensus mechanism, cryptography mechanism, timing mechanism, personal information protection, networking mechanism, smart contracts, services and access, etc.
2. Blockchain Compliance Security Assessment
Blockchain compliance security assessment generally includes “Blockchain Information Service Security Assessment”, “Network Security Level Protection Assessment” and “Special Funding Projects” "Acceptance Evaluation" three categories.
1. Blockchain information service security assessment
Blockchain information service security assessment is mainly based on the ""Blockchain Information Service Management Regulations" (hereinafter referred to as the "Regulations") and the national blockchain standard "Blockchain Information Service Security Specifications (Draft for Comments)".
The "Regulations" aim to clarify the information security management responsibilities of blockchain information service providers, standardize and promote the healthy development of blockchain technology and related services, avoid blockchain information service security risks, and provide blockchain Provide effective legal basis for the provision, use and management of information services. Article 9 of the "Regulations" states: Blockchain information service providers that develop and launch new products, new applications, and new functions must report to the national and provincial, autonomous region, and municipality Internet Information Offices for security assessment in accordance with relevant regulations.
The "Blockchain Information Service Security Specification" is a construction and preparation project led by the Institute of Information Engineering of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and jointly participated by Zhejiang University, China Electronics Technology Standardization Institute, Shanghai Information Security Evaluation and Certification Center and other units. National standards for evaluating the security capabilities of blockchain information services. The "Blockchain Information Service Security Specification" stipulates the security requirements that blockchain information service providers of alliance chains and private chains should meet, including security technical requirements and security assurance requirements as well as corresponding test and evaluation methods, and is suitable for guiding blockchain Chain information service security assessment and blockchain information service security construction. The security technical requirements and guarantee requirements framework proposed by the standard are as follows:
Figure 1 Blockchain information service security requirements model
2. Network security level protection evaluation
The main basis for network security level protection evaluation includes "GB/T 22239-2019 Basic Requirements for Network Security Level Protection" and "GB/T 28448-2019 Network Security Level Protection Evaluation Requirements".
As an emerging information technology, the application system built by blockchain is also an object of level protection and needs to be evaluated for level protection in accordance with regulations. The general requirements for level protection security evaluation are applicable to the evaluation of the infrastructure part of the blockchain, but currently there are no specific security requirements for the blockchain. Therefore, the expansion requirements for blockchain security evaluation still need to be further explored and studied.
3. Special fund project acceptance evaluation
According to the relevant regulations of the Municipal Economic and Information Technology Commission, information technology special fund projects are required to issue a safety evaluation report during project acceptance. The acceptance evaluation of blockchain application projects will be carried out in accordance with Shanghai’s latest blockchain local standard "DB31/T 1331-2021 General Requirements for Blockchain Technology Security".
3. Exploration and practice of blockchain security assessment
1. Standard preparation
Shanghai Assessment Center actively participates in the preparation of blockchain standards. Led by the Shanghai Evaluation Center, Suzhou Tongji Blockchain Research Institute Co., Ltd., Shanghai Qiyin Information Technology Co., Ltd., Shanghai Moheng Network Technology Co., Ltd., the First Research Institute of Telecommunications Science and Technology and other units participated in the preparation of the blockchain local standard " DB31/T 1331-2021 General Requirements for Blockchain Technology Security” has been officially released in December 2021.It will be officially implemented on March 1 this year. The blockchain national standard "Blockchain Information Service Security Specification", which the Shanghai Assessment Center participated in the preparation of, is in the stage of soliciting opinions.
At the same time, the assessment center also participated in the compilation of primary and intermediate textbooks for blockchain engineering technicians organized by the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security and led by Tongji University, and was responsible for compiling the chapter "Testing the Blockchain System".
2. Project Practice
In recent years, the Shanghai Assessment Center has conducted a large number of blockchain security assessment practices based on relevant technical standards, including grade protection assessment, information service security assessment, project security assessment, etc. In the evaluation practice, the main security issues discovered are as follows:
Table 1 Blockchain is mainly a security issue
Serial number
Evaluation items
Problem description
1
Consensus Algorithm
The consensus algorithm uses Kafka or Raft consensus and does not support Byzantine fault tolerance or tolerate malicious node behavior.
2
On-chain data
On-chain sensitive information is not encrypted, and all data on the chain can be accessed through the query interface or blockchain browser.
3
Cryptographic Algorithm
The random numbers used in the cryptographic algorithm do not meet the randomness requirements of GB/T 32915-2016.
4
Node Protection
For the alliance chain, security protection measures failed to be configured for the area where the node server is located.
5
Communication transmission
When communicating between nodes, the blockchain and upper-layer applications, no secure information transmission channel has been established.
6
Consensus Algorithm
The number of nodes deployed in the system is small, and sometimes the number of fault-tolerant nodes required by the consensus algorithm is not even reached.
7
Smart Contract
The operation of the smart contract is not monitored, and problems that arise during the operation of the smart contract cannot be discovered and dealt with in a timely manner.
8
Services and Access
Upper-layer applications have access control flaws such as unauthorized and unauthorized access, leading to business confusion and data leakage.
9
Smart Contract
Smart contract coding is not standardized. When an error occurs in the smart contract, the smart contract freezing function is not provided.
10
Smart Contract
The running environment of smart contracts is not isolated from the outside, and there is a risk of external attacks.
3. Tool Application
When the evaluation center organized and compiled the "DB31/T 1331-2021 General Requirements for Blockchain Technology Security", it has considered the connection needs with the level protection evaluation. The "infrastructure layer" security in DB31/T 1331 is consistent with the relevant requirements of the secure physical environment, secure communication network, security area boundary, secure computing environment, security management center, etc. of level protection, "protocol layer security", "extension layer" Safety” will more reflect the unique security protection requirements of the blockchain.
The assessment center is organizing and writing the extended blockchain assessment requirements based on the relevant security requirements of DB31/T 1331. The relevant results will be applied to the network security level protection assessment tool ——Evaluation Expert. By then, evaluation institutions using the "Evaluation Expert" software will be able to carry out blockchain security assessments accurately, standardly and efficiently, discover blockchain security risks, and put forward corresponding rectification suggestions

7. Is blockchain reliable?

With the development of the times, many science and technologies are now used in people’s lives. Blockchain is a very widely used Internet technology. The purpose of the blockchain is to verify the validity of the information, so it has an anti-counterfeiting function. The blockchain combines many data blocks in a chain structure in time order to maintain the reliability of the database. Blockchain The application fields of blockchain are also relatively wide, and are often used in finance, Internet, insurance, and some public welfare fields. Blockchain is divided into public and private. Its biggest features are high transparency, decentralization and collective maintenance. , because it is used too widely, many people in daily life have doubts about blockchain and do not know whether it is reliable.

Generally speaking, blockchain technology is not a scam. It is reliable, but at the same time it also has certain disadvantages. If blockchain technology is applied in legal fields, it can have great benefits, but once it goes astray and is introduced into illegal fields, it will have very serious consequences. The consequences.

8. What are the characteristics of the blockchain?

The characteristics of the blockchain are:

1. It cannot be tampered

The most easily understood feature of the blockchain is its non-tamperability. The non-tamperability is based on the unique ledger of "block + chain": blocks containing transactions are based on time The order continues to be added to the end of the chain. To modify the data in a block, all blocks after it need to be regenerated.

2. Uniqueness required to represent value

Whether it is an interchangeable token (ERC20), a non-fungible token (ERC721), or other proposed token standards, Ethereum’s tokens demonstrate an important feature of the blockchain: representation The uniqueness required for value. In the digital world, the most basic unit is a bit, and the fundamental characteristic of a bit is that it can be copied. But value cannot be copied, and value must be unique.

From Bitcoin to Ethereum, the biggest change in the blockchain is the "smart contract". The Bitcoin system is designed for a digital currency, and its UTXO and Scripts can also handle some complex transactions, but they have great limitations. Vitalik created the Ethereum blockchain, and his core goals revolved around smart contracts: a Turing-complete scripting language, a Virtual machine (EVM) running smart contracts, and subsequent developmentA series of standardized smart contracts for different types of tokens have emerged.

4. Decentralized self-organization

The fourth major feature of the blockchain is decentralized self-organization. So far, the organization and operations of major blockchain projects have been closely tied to this characteristic. Many people’s ideal expectation for blockchain projects is that they become a community or ecosystem that operates autonomously.

5. Openness.

The foundation of blockchain technology is open source. In addition to the private information of the parties to the transaction being encrypted, the blockchain data is open to everyone. Anyone can query the blockchain data through the public interface. and develop related applications, so the entire system information is highly transparent.

9. How to find really good blockchain projects

From the perspective of the subject, it is not about looking at the current successful blockchain applications such as Bitcoin, Ethereum, etc. It is not considered a good blockchain project.
What kind of blockchain project can be considered a good blockchain project?
From the current point of view, it should be a blockchain with rich scene applications and close ties with the real economy. Like the Bitcoin 1.0 blockchain and the Ethereum 2.0 blockchain, there is just a currency in it and has no value.
The current 3.0 Yundun Chain has a wide range of application scenarios. It not only includes Yundun Coin, but also the Tiandi Essence 100 billion economic and ecological park project, the Malaysia China Town project, the merchant alliance project, and the tourism project. There are also digital asset exchanges.
3.0 Yunzun Chain may be upgraded to 4.0 or 5.0 or 6.0. The R&D team of Yunzun Chain is doing research to lead the development of blockchain.
Therefore, I believe that Yunzun Chain is the most promising and valuable blockchain among current blockchain projects.