打着区块链技术的骗局,区块链严打

1. How to use blockchain technology to protect platforms in the copyright field

Recently, the General Office of the CPC Central Committee and the General Office of the State Council issued the "14th Five-Year Plan for Cultural Development" , the development plan includes fifteen main contents including “prospering cultural, literary and artistic creation and production” and “promoting high-quality development of cultural industries”. Among the fifteen main contents, the State Council attaches great importance to the development of new technologies such as blockchain, copyright protection, and the application and promotion of blockchain technology in strengthening copyright protection. The key keywords of "using blockchain technology and strengthening copyright protection" were highlighted many times.
Improving the copyright protection system. Improve copyright registration and collective management systems, improve copyright protection and trading systems, and strengthen copyright full-chain protection and business development. Strengthen digital copyright protection and encourage qualified institutions and units to build copyright protection platforms based on blockchain technology. Strengthen copyright protection in traditional culture, traditional knowledge and other fields.
Ebaoquan's brand micro-copyright pioneers the "blockchain + judicial + intellectual property protection" model, which can provide work rights confirmation, infringement monitoring, and other services for various industries such as media, photography, design, animation, games, and law firms. One-stop full-chain intellectual property protection services such as network forensics and evidence-based rights protection. Promote and intensify the supervision and crackdown on infringement and piracy, improve the construction of the copyright protection system, ensure the effective implementation of the "Sword Net" special action, increase the enthusiasm of literary and artistic workers for innovation and creation, and prosper cultural and artistic creation and production.
Micro-copyright uses blockchain encryption technology to store data in a multi-node and decentralized manner, and synchronizes the certificates through the blockchain to nodes such as notary offices, judicial appraisal centers, copyright protection centers, and Internet courts, and solidifies them in a timely manner. The content of the certificate is effectively tamper-proof, ensuring that the entire process is traceable, all data is verifiable, and the entire link is credible. Promote the establishment and improvement of a cultural and technological integration innovation system, strengthen the protection and operation development of the entire copyright chain, and promote the high-quality development of the cultural industry!

2. What is blockchain technology? What exactly is blockchain?

In a narrow sense, blockchain is a way to block data in chronological order. A chained data structure composed of sequential connections, and a cryptographically guaranteed distributed ledger that cannot be tampered with or forged.

Broadly speaking, blockchain technology uses block chain data structures to verify and store data, uses distributed node consensus algorithms to generate and update data, and uses cryptography to ensure data transmission and access. It is a new distributed infrastructure and computing method that uses smart contracts composed of automated script codes to program and operate data securely.

[Infrastructure]

Generally speaking, the blockchain system consists of data layer, network layer, consensus layer, incentive layer, contract layer and application layer composition. Among them, the data layer encapsulates the underlying data blocks and related basic data and basic algorithms such as data encryption and timestamps; the network layer includes distributed networking mechanisms, data dissemination mechanisms, and data verification mechanisms; a total ofThe knowledge layer mainly encapsulates various consensus algorithms of network nodes; the incentive layer integrates economic factors into the blockchain technology system, mainly including the issuance mechanism and distribution mechanism of economic incentives; the contract layer mainly encapsulates various scripts, algorithms and intelligence Contracts are the basis for the programmable features of the blockchain; the application layer encapsulates various application scenarios and cases of the blockchain. In this model, the chain block structure based on timestamps, the consensus mechanism of distributed nodes, economic incentives based on consensus computing power, and flexible programmable smart contracts are the most representative innovations of blockchain technology.

Extended information:

[Blockchain core technology]

Blockchain mainly solves the trust and security issues of transactions, so it addresses this issue Four technological innovations:

1. Distributed ledger means that transaction accounting is completed by multiple nodes distributed in different places, and each node records a complete account, so they all Can participate in supervising the legality of transactions and can also jointly testify for them.

The uniqueness of blockchain’s distributed storage is mainly reflected in two aspects: First, each node of the blockchain stores complete data according to the block chain structure. Traditional distributed storage generally stores The data is divided into multiple parts for storage according to certain rules. Second, the storage of each node in the blockchain is independent and of equal status, relying on the consensus mechanism to ensure storage consistency, while traditional distributed storage generally synchronizes data to other backup nodes through the central node.

No node can record ledger data independently, thus avoiding the possibility of a single bookkeeper being controlled or bribed to record false accounts. Also because there are enough accounting nodes, theoretically, unless all nodes are destroyed, the accounts will not be lost, thus ensuring the security of the accounting data.

2. Asymmetric encryption and authorization technology. Transaction information stored on the blockchain is public, but account identity information is highly encrypted and can only be accessed with authorization from the data owner. , thus ensuring data security and personal privacy.

3. The consensus mechanism is how all accounting nodes reach a consensus to determine the validity of a record. This is both a means of identification and a means of preventing tampering. Blockchain proposes four different consensus mechanisms, which are suitable for different application scenarios and strike a balance between efficiency and security.

The consensus mechanism of the blockchain has the characteristics of "the minority obeys the majority" and "everyone is equal". "The minority obeys the majority" does not entirely refer to the number of nodes, but can also be the computing power and the number of shares. Or other characteristic quantities that the computer can compare. "Everyone is equal" means that when a node meets the conditions, all nodes have the right to give priority to the consensus result, which will be directly recognized by other nodes and may eventually become the final consensus result.

4. Smart contracts. Smart contracts are based on these trustworthy and non-tamperable data and can automatically execute some predefined rules and terms. Taking insurance as an example, if everyone’s information(Including medical information and risk occurrence information) are all true and credible, then it will be easy to carry out automated claims settlement in some standardized insurance products.

In the daily business of insurance companies, although transactions are not as frequent as those in the banking and securities industries, the reliance on trusted data continues unabated. Therefore, the author believes that using blockchain technology from the perspective of data management can effectively help insurance companies improve their risk management capabilities. Specifically speaking, it is mainly divided into risk management of policyholders and risk supervision of insurance companies.

Blockchain-Network

3. What is blockchain

Blockchain means a term in the field of information technology. In essence, it is a shared database, and the data or information stored in it has the characteristics of "stupid and unforgeable", "full traces left", "traceable", "open and transparent" and "collectively maintained".

It first appeared in 1991 and was used by a group of researchers to time-stamp digital documents. So that these documents cannot be tampered with, the blockchain technology looks like a notary.

A blockchain is a distributed ledger that is completely open to everyone. It has a very interesting property: once the data is recorded in the blockchain, it is corrupted and difficult to change. So how exactly does it work? Next, let us first observe the composition of a single block.

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Related information

Generally speaking, the blockchain system consists of data layer, network layer, consensus layer, incentive layer, contract layer and application layer. Among them, the data layer encapsulates the underlying data blocks and related basic data and basic algorithms such as data encryption and timestamps; the network layer includes distributed networking mechanisms, data dissemination mechanisms, and data verification mechanisms.

4. What is data blockchain (BlockChain) and how to explain it to make it easier to understand

If you want to understand the application of blockchain, you can refer to many books and opinions, including "Illustrations" Blockchain", "Blockchain: Reshaping the Economy and the World", "New Economic Blueprint and Introduction", as well as articles from Binance Community, including a detailed understanding of the Binance Community platform, which is extremely powerful.

1. What is blockchain

Blockchain, as the name suggests, is composed of blocks and chains. It is a distributed data storage , point-to-point transmission, consensus mechanism, encryption algorithm and other new application models of computer technology. It is a chained data structure that combines data blocks in a sequential manner in chronological order, and is cryptographically guaranteed to be an untamperable, unforgeable, safe and trustworthy distributed ledger.

In 2008, Satoshi Nakamoto first proposed the concept of blockchain and encrypted digital currency in his paper "Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System"Conception. Starting from Bitcoin, blockchain has become the underlying technology of various digital currencies.

2. The working principle of blockchain:

1. Basic concepts include: (1) Transaction: one operation will change the ledger status once, such as adding an Record; (2) Block (Block): records transactions and status data that occurred within a specified time, which is a consensus and preservation of the current ledger status; (3) Chain (Chain): blocks are connected in chronological order It is a log record of the entire state changes. After understanding the working concept of the blockchain, it is not difficult to understand its working principle. Suppose there is a distributed data record book. This record book only allows additions, deletions and changes are not allowed. Its structure is composed of "blocks" A linear chain formed in series (this is also the origin of the name "blockchain"). To add new data, it must be placed in a new block. The maintenance node can propose a new block, but it must go through a certain process. Consensus mechanism to reach agreement on the final selected block.

2. Take Bitcoin as an example to see how the blockchain works.

Bitcoin blocks are divided into two parts: block header and block body.

3. Core advantages and characteristics of blockchain

1. Verification, accounting, storage, maintenance and decentralization of blockchain data Transmission and other processes are based on a distributed system structure. There is no centralized hardware or management organization. The rights and obligations of any node are equal. The data blocks in the system are jointly maintained by nodes with maintenance functions in the entire system. 2. The open and transparent system is open. In addition to the private information of the transaction parties being encrypted, the blockchain data is open to everyone. Anyone can query the blockchain data and develop related applications through the public interface. Therefore, the entire System information is highly transparent. 3. Security Blockchain adopts consensus-based specifications and protocols (such as a set of open and transparent algorithms) to enable all nodes in the entire system to exchange data freely and securely in a trustless environment, thereby increasing trust in "people" Changed to trust in the machine, any human intervention will not work. 4. Information cannot be tampered with. Once the information is verified and added to the blockchain, it will be stored permanently. Unless more than 51% of the nodes in the system (almost impossible) can be controlled at the same time, modifications to the database on a single node will be Invalid, so the data stability and reliability of the blockchain are extremely high. 5. Anonymity Since the exchanges between nodes follow a fixed algorithm, the data interaction does not require trust (the program rules in the blockchain will judge whether the activity is valid by itself), so the counterparty does not need to reveal its identity to the other party. Generating trust is very helpful for the accumulation of credit.

4. Classification of Blockchains

Currently, the most mainstream classification of Blockchains is to divide Blockchains into Public Blockchains based on different participants. ), private chain (PrivateBlockchain) and Consortium Blockchain.

1. Public chain: Anyone can participate in the use and maintenance, and can obtain effective confirmation of the blockchain. The public chain is the earliest blockchain and the most widely used blockchain at present. , typically such as the Bitcoin blockchain, the information is completely public.

If a permission mechanism is introduced, it will include private chain and alliance chain. 2. Private chain: A company or individual only uses blockchain technology and has exclusive write permission to the blockchain, and the information is not made public. At present, conservative giants (traditional finance) all want to experiment with private blockchains, and the application products of private blockchains are still being explored. 3. Alliance chain: It is a blockchain between the public chain and the virtual chain, jointly controlled by multiple organizations. The use of this chain is managed with authority and can be subject to the manager or according to the manager’s wishes. Be open to others. In addition, according to the different usage scenarios and purposes of blockchain, it is divided into currency chains for the purpose of digital currency, property rights chains for the purpose of recording property rights, crowdfunding chains for the purpose of crowdfunding, etc.

5. Analysis of specific application scenarios of blockchain

1. Information anti-counterfeiting

On May 28, Tencent CEO Ma Huateng spoke at the Guiyang Digital Expo The problem of Moutai anti-counterfeiting has been raised: the anti-counterfeiting method based on cloud-based comprehensive blockchain technology will be much more efficient than traditional anti-counterfeiting methods. In future anti-counterfeiting verification scenarios, users may only need to perform a simple scan with their mobile phone to obtain a large amount of complete information based on different dimensions.

Take Moutai as an example:

Distillery address, production workshop, operating employees, inspectors, factory time, transportation vehicle information and driver information,

The vintage source of raw materials for wine, raw material suppliers, storage warehouse numbers, raw material transportation vehicles and driver information,

All information can be accurately traced, permanently recorded and cannot be tampered with.

The authenticity can be easily verified based on the above information.

2. Food safety issues

As early as November last year, Walmart had cooperated with IBM to ensure food safety by using blockchain technology to track food sources. safety and increase the circulation of food to reduce costs. For large supermarkets such as Wal-Mart, when food safety problems occurred in the past, it took several days to investigate the source of the problematic food. After using this technology, only one piece of information about the product is required. It can accurately trace the source of important information such as food origin, inspectors, suppliers, logistics and transportation, and quickly detect problems within a few minutes. Currently, products tracked using blockchain include packaging products in the United States and pork in China.

3. Information Security

Blockchain technology is promoting a revolution in information security technology. Three major security threats: man-in-the-middle attack, data tampering, and DDoS

(1) Identity protection

PKI is email, messagePublic key encryption technology commonly used in various communication applications such as apps and websites. However, since most PKI implementations rely on a centralized trusted third-party certification authority (CA) to issue, activate and store user certificates, hackers can attack PKI to fake user identities or crack encrypted information.

CertCoin is the first blockchain PKI implementation, coming from MIT, which removes the centralized certification center and uses the blockchain as a distributed ledger of domain names and public keys.

Pomcor Company: Blockchain PKI implementation path: retain the certification center and use the blockchain to store hash values ​​of issued and activated certificates. Users can verify the authenticity of certificates through decentralized and transparent sources, while also improving network access performance through local authentication of keys and signatures based on blockchain copies.

(2) Data integrity protection

GuardTime has developed a keyless signature architecture (KSI) based on blockchain technology to replace key-based data authentication technology. KSI stores hashes of the original data and files on the blockchain, runs hashing algorithms to verify other copies, and compares the results with the data stored on the blockchain. Any tampering with the data will be quickly detected because the original hash table is stored on millions of nodes.

(3) Protection of critical infrastructure

The "Achilles' heel" of the Internet, DDoS has entered the TB era, and DDoS is still the easiest way for hackers to defeat large targets at low cost. As a weapon, DNS services are the primary target for hackers to carry out large-scale damage, but blockchain technology is expected to fundamentally solve it.

The distributed storage of blockchain makes hacker attacks lose focus. Nebulis is developing a distributed DNS system using the Ethereum blockchain and the InterPlanetary Internet File System (IPFS, a distributed alternative to HTTP product) to register and resolve domain names. The biggest weakness of DNS is caching. Caching makes DDoS attacks possible and is also the bane of centralized governments censoring social networks and manipulating DNS registrations. A highly transparent, distributed DNS system can effectively prevent any entity, including the government, from manipulating records.

IV. Financial Industry

(1) Digital Currency: Improving the convenience of currency issuance and use

For example, foreign Bitcoin and Ethereum, our country currently There are Nuo Compao and so on.

From the use of physical transactions, to physical currency and credit currency, to the rise of the Bitcoin network, more people are aware of the distributed ledger blockchain technology behind it, and gradually outside of digital currency applied in many scenarios.

(2) Cross-border payment and settlement: realize point-to-point transactions and reduce intermediate costs

Transfer and payment. At present, the most mature application of blockchain technology is payment and transfer. Blockchain technology can avoid complicated systems, save the process of inter-bank reconciliation and review, and speed up settlement; using virtual currency does not require the intervention of a clearing house, reducing transaction fee. Liquidation procedures vary from country to country, a single remittance takes 2 or 3 days to arrive, which is inefficient and accounts for a large proportion of funds in transit. No longer going through a third party, point-to-point payment is formed through blockchain technology. Eliminating the need for third-party institutions, you can make payments throughout the day, receive money in real time, quickly withdraw cash, and reduce hidden costs, helping to avoid financial risks. It is timely and convenient.

(3) Bills and supply chain financial business: reduce human intervention, reduce costs and operational risks

Point-to-point value transfer, physical bills or central system for control and verification; intermediary will be eliminated and human intervention reduced. Improved efficiency, smoother financing channels, lower risks, and benefits for all parties.

(4) Securities issuance and trading: realize quasi-real-time asset transfer and accelerate transaction clearing speed

The application of blockchain technology can make the securities trading process simpler, more transparent and faster , Reduce IT systems with repetitive functions and improve the efficiency of market operations. For stocks, blockchain can eliminate paper and pen or spreadsheet records, reduce human errors in transactions, and improve the transparency and traceability of trading platforms. Citi and Nasdaq collaborate to advance blockchain applications.

(5) Customer credit reporting and anti-fraud: reduce legal compliance costs and prevent financial crimes

Customer information and transaction records recorded in the blockchain help banks identify Abnormal transactions and effectively prevent fraud. The technical characteristics of blockchain can change the existing credit reporting system. When banks perform "know your customer" (KYC), the data of customers with bad records will be stored in the blockchain.

Equity crowdfunding: Equity crowdfunding based on blockchain technology can achieve decentralized trust and investors’ returns are guaranteed.

5. Supply chain management

Distributed ledger system, participants track the ownership of assets throughout the process, and can be used to track auto parts when moving between countries and factories.

Toyota is developing blockchain technology solutions for its core parts supply chain operations. Using a large amount of data helps Toyota more efficiently ensure the accuracy of recorded data and can also help manage the supply chain. At the same time, the blockchain supply chain can control warranty, repair goods-related costs and specifications through smart contracts, and transactions throughout the product life cycle are irrevocable.

The shipping industry’s first public solution, deployed by Maritime Transport International (MTI), uses blockchain supply chain technology to share Verified Gross Mass (VGM) information for shipping containers. Information about container VGM is important to ensure ships are properly stowed and to prevent accidents at sea and in ports. VGM data is stored on the blockchain supply chain, providing a permanent record for port officials, shipping companies, shippers and cargo owners. This replaces cumbersome logs, spreadsheets, data brokers and private databases.

Logistics Integrity System Wagonbang Wagonbang launched a blockchain-based financial solution for logistics enterprises, aiming to provide enterprises with reliable financial services. It can not only help drivers solve the problem of loan difficulty, but also change the lack of integrity in the industry.status to help build a logistics integrity system. Help build the identity chain of logistics companies and create a trusted data ecosystem for logistics companies. Using a transparent, supervisory, and traceable algorithm model, we screen reliable companies that need financial support and provide them with financial services. On the other hand, at the technical level, various law enforcement departments are linked to jointly punish dishonest companies.

6. Government management

(1) Election

Based on the characteristics of blockchain technology and considering the shortcomings of current election technology, we will build an open source , Blockchain applications for elections, voting and lottery, we call it ElectionChain. We hope to optimize election and voting technology to make voting more open and transparent, reduce human manipulation, and allow voters to verify their election results.

Including identity authentication, multi-chain system, flash investment protocol, consensus algorithm EDPOS, privacy protection, voting mechanism design, decentralized ELC rental market, storage solutions, smart contracts, etc.

(2) Government services

Aiming to realize an e-government digital ecosystem based on blockchain technology and provide citizens with government services and an automated mechanism for the business of various government departments, it must be All areas of national government affairs are combined to form a common information space, including government agencies, economic data, financial transactions and social fields. This ecosystem should also include registries and corresponding software for building smart contract-based applications and platforms for government agencies, businesses and public users.

5. What is PiCoin (pi)

PiCoin is an online platform for mining digital currency.

Because it is available in more than 170 countries worldwide The country accepts real-name registration,

but some areas will prompt the risks of financial management.

It is currently in the second phase of the test network.

[Extended reference materials]:

Pi(π)Network’s APP is a mobile mining (Shiguang) software, used to mine Pi (π) coins. In the past, currency mining that used the proof-of-work mechanism such as Butte B required computing resources, and you had to spend money to buy a machine to participate, and small businesses could only stand aside.

The advantage of current Pi(π) coin mining (Shi Guang) is that everyone can participate, creating a truly global digital currency network, and there is no need to waste mobile phone data or data during mining (Shi Guang). power, you can dig (Shi Guang) even when the APP is closed, you only need to turn on the dig (Shi Guang) switch once a day.

Why are there so few domestic players?

First of all,

Domestic users cannot use Facebook, Twitter and other foreign social software. The Pi project party has relatively little publicity, and domestic users can see even less. ;

Secondly,

the entire project is not optimized enough for domestic users, and the download methodThe difficulty of the format and the English interface have discouraged many domestic players; in addition, there are currently many domestic funds and model coins in the name of blockchain, and new users are often more interested in such simple and crude things that make money quickly. Interest, projects like Pi that do not tout profits will be ignored.

6. What issues are worth pondering when blockchain extends to copyright protection?

As reported on March 20, recently, a group composed of Grammy Award winners and music producers The all-star team officially launched the blockchain music copyright project TUNE to solve the copyright protection and profit distribution issues that plague the entire music industry.

At present, the development and application of domestic blockchain is still in an early stage, the blockchain infrastructure is not perfect enough, and industry applications are also in the exploratory stage. Industry insiders suggest that we should seize the development opportunities of blockchain technology, and at the same time look at the implementation progress and application scenarios of blockchain technology rationally to avoid investment risks caused by excessive hype.

7. Be wary of hyping the new MLM model of Air Coin. What kind of MLM model is this?

Be wary of hyping the new MLM model of Air Coin. This is a type of MLM model that emerged with the popularity of digital currencies. MLM model. Since its emergence, Bitcoin has been popular among players due to its many advantages, and its development has been very popular. Many Bitcoin holders are crazy, and the government is constantly paying attention to and adjusting the status of Bitcoin. At the same time, as criminal cases continue to occur, it has also attracted the attention of holders and the government.

Investors who invest in Bitcoin mining machines should understand the principle of its production and distinguish whether the platform that can conduct Bitcoin transactions is normal. Any violation of the Bitcoin rules generated based on real Bitcoin mining algorithms is false advertising. Investments should be prudent, and staying rational and sober is the key. Under the cover of digital currencies, pyramid schemes have moved from rental houses to QQ groups and WeChat groups in the digital currency community. During the hybrid period of these new pyramid schemes, it was difficult for investors to spot them. For those virtual currency models that develop members by purchasing funds, we should be wary of falling into the trap of pyramid schemes.

8. There is someone in WeChat who does this. He posts this blockchain vulnerability every day and earns 5-6 times the principal. After making money, just give them a commission. Is it true?

It’s not true. Money won’t fall from the sky. Don’t think too much. Search Ou Kuailian on WeChat to see if you can make money, and you will know these routines.

9. How to view blockchain technology correctly

From a technical perspective, blockchain is likely to be a major technological revolution after the Internet. Currently, major corporate giants around the world are working hard on the research and application of blockchain technology. SAP opened a pilot version of the blockchain project in May last year. Banks in Japan and South Korea have just begun testing blockchain technology. Tencent has registered the trademarks "Ether Lock" and "Tencent Ether Lock". In April 2017, Tencent released the "Blockchain Solution White Paper" and announced that Tencent has independent intellectual property rights.The blockchain industry solution was also officially released on the official website. The network launched the blockchain open platform "BaaS", which is a project based on blockchain technology independently developed by the network. It mainly helps enterprise alliances build their own blockchain network platforms.

Xu Weihong, chief economist of AVIC Securities, believes that the concept of blockchain has been proposed for a long time. This round of being touted by speculators in the A-share secondary market originated from Bitcoin. Hype on a global scale. Participants do not care about the technical value of the blockchain, but they care about how much profit and water they can get from the existing "seigniorage" by creating digital currency through the blockchain. Some institutional investors even hope to use their professional judgment and ability to control market sentiment to "cut leeks" from the large amount of blind influx of social funds. In view of the recent rise of the blockchain concept, all parties concerned must remain sober. Financial exchanges and intermediaries must stay awake and reduce unnecessary advertising to mislead small and medium-sized investors, and ordinary people must also stay awake.