双条链区块链

双条链区块链是一种新型的区块链技术，具有高安全性、高效率、可扩展性等优点，广泛应用于金融、物联网、医疗保健等领域。它的核心思想是将区块链技术与传统的分布式账本技术相结合，利用双条链的结构来实现安全、可靠、快速的数据传输。

双条链区块链的安全性是其最大的优势之一。它采用两条独立的链来存储数据，每条链上的节点都可以独立运行，这样就可以有效防止数据被篡改或窃取。此外，双条链还支持多种加密算法，可以有效保护数据的安全性。

另外，双条链区块链的效率也非常高。它采用双链结构，可以支持多个节点之间的并行处理，从而大大提高交易的处理速度。此外，双条链还支持多种账本技术，可以更加有效地实现账本的复制和分发，进一步提高交易处理的效率。

此外，双条链区块链还具有可扩展性。它可以支持多种类型的应用，可以根据实际需要快速扩展，从而满足不断变化的业务需求。双条链区块链的优势使它成为各行业应用的理想选择，可以有效提高业务效率，提升安全性，满足不断变化的业务需求。

『一』 Briefly explain what blockchain is

Blockchain is a database storage system distributed around the world that can operate collaboratively.

Different from traditional database operations where read and write permissions are in the hands of a company or a centralized authority (centralized characteristics), blockchain believes that anyone with the ability to set up a server can participate.

Nuggets from all over the world have deployed their own servers locally and connected to the blockchain network to become a node in this distributed database storage system; once added, the node enjoys the same All other nodes have exactly the same rights and obligations (decentralized and distributed characteristics). At the same time, those who provide services on the blockchain can perform read and write operations on any node in the system. Finally, all nodes around the world will complete synchronization one after another according to a certain mechanism, thereby achieving The data of all nodes in the blockchain network are completely consistent.

Blockchain is the underlying technology of Bitcoin. It is like a database ledger that records all transaction records. This technology has gradually attracted the attention of the banking and financial industries because of its safety and convenience.

On March 31, 2018, "Blockchain Technology Principles and Development Practice" was officially introduced into university lectures, and the first course was held at the South Campus of Xi'an University of Electronic Science and Technology.

In April 2018, a group of scholars from Oxford University announced the establishment of the world’s first blockchain university, Woolf University. On May 29, a new blockchain function was launched on the network to ensure that entry editing is fair and transparent.

『二』 The two algorithms in blockchain DNA are

X chain and Y chain.
Two strands are introduced here, (in fact, there are no strands). These two also satisfy the corresponding relationship between DNA double strands.
For the convenience of research, these two chains are recorded as X chain and Y chain respectively. Y chain is responsible for recording transaction information. X is responsible for verifying the correctness of Y chain records. There is a certain relationship between X chain and Y chain.
Define the first block data on the X chain. Stringdata="IloveMaxwell", let M=hash(data, 10), M is the hash value of data represented by decimal number. Search the prime number table to find a prime number P that minimizes.

『三』 What currency is bchc

bchc is a fork of bch. bchc was created through a malicious attack when Bitcoin Cash forked on August 1, 2017. Resulting from a hard fork.

bch is the abbreviation of Bitcoin Cash, a fork of Bitcoin on August 1, 2017. On August 1, 2017, in order to solve the block size limitation of Bitcoin, Bitcoin underwent a hard fork and Bitcoin Cash was born. Since then, Bitcoin has been divided into two chains, one is the original Bitcoin, and the other is Bitcoin Cash. The other is a fork of Bitcoin, Bitcoincoin cash bch.

Moreover, Bitcoin is a virtual cryptocurrency based on decentralization, using peer-to-peer network and consensus initiative, open source code, and using blockchain as the underlying technology. It was created by Satoshi Nakamoto. It was proposed in 2008 and born in 2009. Bitcoin does not have a centralized issuer, it is generated by the calculation of network nodes, can be bought and sold on any computer connected to the Internet, and has extremely strong scarcity.

Compared with legal currency, Bitcoin does not have a centralized issuer, but is generated by the calculation of network nodes. Anyone may participate in the creation of Bitcoin, and it can be circulated around the world and can be used anywhere. Anyone can mine, buy, sell or collect Bitcoins on any computer connected to the Internet, no matter where they are, and outsiders cannot identify the user's identity during the transaction. On January 5, 2009, Bitcoin, which was not controlled by the central bank or any financial institution, was born. Bitcoin is a digital currency that consists of a string of complex codes generated by a computer. New Bitcoins are created through preset procedures. As the total number of Bitcoins increases, the rate of new currency creation slows down until it reaches 2014. With a total cap of 21 million, the total number of mined Bitcoins has exceeded 16 million.

『四』What are hard forks and soft forks in Bitcoin and what are their respective characteristics

To put it simply, due to differences in compatibility, hard forks have emerged. Forks and soft forks, soft forks are temporary, while hard forks are permanent.

The blockchain has a permanent divergence. After the new consensus rules are released, some nodes that have not been upgraded in time have no way to verify the blocks generated by the upgraded nodes. At this time, a hard fork will occur. For hard forks, the definition in the industry is this. A hard fork means that when Bitcoin’s block format or transaction format (also known as “consensus”) changes, nodes that have not been upgraded will refuse to verify the Blocks produced by nodes that have completed the upgrade. Nodes that have been upgraded can verify blocks generated by non-upgraded nodes. Then everyone continues the chain they think is correct. Therefore, it is divided into two chains: the new chain and the old chain.

Soft fork has the following characteristics:

1. It has good compatibility. Some functions of the previous old version are available and there is no need to upgrade.

2. There is no forked chain at the blockchain level, but the blocks of the chain are divided into old and new blocks;

3. For a long time , it is allowed not to upgrade, but to continue to use the original version to generate old blocks and coexist with the new block.

『Wu』Fang Gang said: Several misunderstandings about the blockchain

On August 2, 2017, viaBTC dug out the first block larger than 1M in history , since then Bitcoin split into two chains: BTC and BCC. In essence, BCC is a new currency due to the implementation of UAHF.It is also in line with Satoshi Nakamoto’s original intention.
BCC is a network fork of Bitcoin
In fact, BCC is a network fork of Bitcoin, which is an incorrect interpretation. The Bitcoin network itself operates stably and there is no fork at all. BCC is internationally defined as a new currency that appears by copying the Bitcoin blockchain and changing certain codes. Not only that, BCC does not meet the definition of a Bitcoin network fork, because BTC and BCC are two completely different chains.
The entire Bitcoin network information failed to be synchronized on one chain, and two (multiple) identical Bitcoin blockchain networks appeared. Both networks have a large number of miners mining, and in two different Transactions that occur on the network cannot be synchronized with each other, resulting in two parallel chains with exactly the same difficulty. This is called a fork.
The problem of developer centralization
Bitcoin once had a three-year expansion dispute due to the problem of developer centralization, which made the Bitcoin community restless. As the twin brother of Bitcoin, BCC also faces this problem. The community is worried that the history of Bitcoin’s expansion dispute will repeat itself on BCC in the future. The community mistakenly believes that the only team responsible for the BCC development team is Bitcoin ABC. The single development team will inevitably lead to the problem of developer centralization.
But in fact, BCC currently has four development teams, namely Bitcoin XT, Bitcoin Classic, Bitcoin Unlimited, and Bitcoin ABC. They are all competitors in the Bitcoin expansion plan, and have now developed compatible versions of BCC.
These four development teams basically include the teams that support large blocks in the Bitcoin expansion debate. Not only that, this can also ensure competition between development teams, and is also expected to attract more development teams to join. into their ranks.
BCC is controlled by an organization
ViaBTC founded by Yang Haipo is the first trading platform in the world to launch BCC, and he is also the first person to mine BCC. The first block was mined by ViaBTC. The community is worried that BCC is controlled by a centralized block and has become a political tool for some people.
But in fact, BCC is the product of Bitcoin’s three-year expansion battle. It is a decentralized digital currency supported by a huge community of big block supporters. It is Bitcoin’s Altcoins. Segregated verification has been removed, the block size limit of 1M has been removed, and the on-chain expansion route has been adhered to.

『Lu』 What is blockchain

Blockchain is a new application model of computer technology such as distributed data storage, point-to-point transmission, consensus mechanism, and encryption algorithm. Blockchain is an important concept of Bitcoin.

It is essentially a decentralized database, and as the underlying technology of Bitcoin, it is a series of related cryptographic methods.Data block, each data block contains a batch of Bitcoin network transaction information, used to verify the validity of its information (anti-counterfeiting) and generate the next block.

(6) Extended reading on dual-chain blockchain

Characteristics of blockchain:

1. Deposit certificate< /p>

The "non-tamperable" feature of blockchain provides a solution to the problem of "certificate storage" in economic and social development. As long as the authenticity of the on-chain information and data can be ensured, the blockchain can solve the problem of "storage" and "certification" of information.

For example, in the field of copyright, blockchain can be used to store electronic evidence, which can ensure that it is not tampered with, and can link original platforms, copyright bureaus, judicial agencies and other parties through distributed ledgers, which can greatly Improve the efficiency of handling infringements.

2. Sharing

The "distributed" characteristics of the blockchain can break through the "data barriers" between departments and achieve information and data sharing. Different from centralized data storage, the information on the blockchain will be distributed to each node through point-to-point broadcasting, and all information can be "truthfully recorded" through "whole network witness".

『撒』What is blockchain technology? What exactly is blockchain?

In a narrow sense, blockchain is a way to store data in a chronological order. A chained data structure composed of blocks connected in sequence, and a cryptographically guaranteed distributed ledger that cannot be tampered with or forged.

Broadly speaking, blockchain technology uses block chain data structures to verify and store data, uses distributed node consensus algorithms to generate and update data, and uses cryptography to ensure data transmission and access. It is a new distributed infrastructure and computing method that uses smart contracts composed of automated script codes to program and operate data securely.

[Infrastructure]

Generally speaking, the blockchain system consists of data layer, network layer, consensus layer, incentive layer, contract layer and application layer composition. Among them, the data layer encapsulates the underlying data blocks and related basic data and basic algorithms such as data encryption and timestamps; the network layer includes distributed networking mechanisms, data dissemination mechanisms, and data verification mechanisms; the consensus layer mainly encapsulates network nodes Various consensus algorithms; the incentive layer integrates economic factors into the blockchain technology system, mainly including the issuance mechanism and distribution mechanism of economic incentives; the contract layer mainly encapsulates various scripts, algorithms and smart contracts, and is the core of the blockchain The basis of programmable features; the application layer encapsulates various application scenarios and cases of the blockchain. In this model, the chain block structure based on timestamps, the consensus mechanism of distributed nodes, economic incentives based on consensus computing power, and flexible programmable smart contracts are the most representative innovations of blockchain technology.

Extended information:

[Blockchain core technology]

Blockchain mainly solves the trust and security issues of transactions, so it addresses this issue four skillsTechnological innovation:

1. Distributed ledger means that transaction accounting is completed by multiple nodes distributed in different places, and each node records a complete account, so they can all participate in supervision The legality of the transaction, and can also jointly certify it.

The uniqueness of blockchain's distributed storage is mainly reflected in two aspects: First, each node of the blockchain stores complete data according to the block chain structure. Traditional distributed storage generally stores The data is divided into multiple parts for storage according to certain rules. Second, the storage of each node in the blockchain is independent and has equal status, relying on the consensus mechanism to ensure the consistency of storage, while traditional distributed storage generally synchronizes data to other backup nodes through the central node.

No node can record ledger data independently, thus avoiding the possibility of a single bookkeeper being controlled or bribed to record false accounts. Also because there are enough accounting nodes, theoretically speaking, the accounts will not be lost unless all nodes are destroyed, thereby ensuring the security of the accounting data.

2. Asymmetric encryption and authorization technology. Transaction information stored on the blockchain is public, but account identity information is highly encrypted and can only be accessed with authorization from the data owner. , thus ensuring data security and personal privacy.

3. The consensus mechanism is how all accounting nodes reach a consensus to determine the validity of a record. This is both a means of identification and a means of preventing tampering. Blockchain proposes four different consensus mechanisms, which are suitable for different application scenarios and strike a balance between efficiency and security.

The consensus mechanism of the blockchain has the characteristics of "the minority obeys the majority" and "everyone is equal". "The minority obeys the majority" does not entirely refer to the number of nodes, but can also be the computing power and the number of shares. Or other characteristic quantities that the computer can compare. "Everyone is equal" means that when a node meets the conditions, all nodes have the right to give priority to the consensus result, which will be directly recognized by other nodes and may eventually become the final consensus result.

4. Smart contracts. Smart contracts are based on these trustworthy and non-tamperable data and can automatically execute some predefined rules and terms. Take insurance as an example. If everyone's information (including medical information and risk occurrence information) is true and trustworthy, it will be easy to automate claims settlement in some standardized insurance products.

In the daily business of insurance companies, although transactions are not as frequent as those in the banking and securities industries, the reliance on trusted data continues unabated. Therefore, the author believes that using blockchain technology from the perspective of data management can effectively help insurance companies improve their risk management capabilities. Specifically speaking, it is mainly divided into risk management of policyholders and risk supervision of insurance companies.

Blockchain-Network