区块链保险统计分析,区块链保险统计表

近年来，随着区块链技术的发展，保险行业也开始应用这项技术。根据区块链保险统计分析，区块链保险统计表显示，区块链保险应用的普及和发展正在不断推进。

从统计数据来看，截至2020年6月，全球共有27家保险公司推出了区块链保险，其中包括美国、英国、德国、日本、韩国、澳大利亚等国家的保险公司。这些保险公司的产品涵盖了多个领域，如财产险、健康险、意外险、旅游险等。

此外，区块链保险还可以提高保险公司的服务效率，改善客户体验，提高客户满意度，并为保险公司带来更多的收入。例如，通过智能合约的使用，保险公司可以更快地处理理赔申请，提升服务质量。

另外，区块链保险还可以通过减少中间商的参与，降低保险公司的成本，提高保险公司的利润，从而提升保险公司的竞争力。

最后，区块链保险还可以帮助保险公司提高安全性，防止数据泄露和滥用，保护客户的隐私。因此，区块链保险可以为保险公司带来许多优势，有助于保险行业的发展和推进。

『一』What are the applications of blockchain in social security fee collection and real estate transactions

On March 24, the "One" issued by the General Office of the CPC Central Committee and the General Office of the State Council "Opinions on Further Deepening the Reform of Tax Collection and Administration" was released, and the opinions proposed to deepen the sharing and application of tax big data. Explore the application of blockchain technology in social insurance premium collection, real estate transactions and real estate registration, and continue to expand its application in promoting tax-related and fee-related information sharing and other fields. Continuously improve the tax big data cloud platform, strengthen the development and utilization of data resources, and continue to promote interconnection with the information systems of the state and relevant departments.
In social insurance, the use of blockchain electronic signature technology can synchronize the entire document signing process (document hash, signing subject, signing time, signing location, signing equipment, etc.) to the notary office, arbitration committee, Authoritative judicial institutions such as the Internet Court effectively ensure that policyholders’ information cannot be tampered with, time cannot be tampered with, and electronic data cannot be tampered with. As the only blockchain electronic signing platform in China that is connected to the National Judicial Center, Junzizhuan can protect policyholders’ electronic signatures based on the above technology. The authenticity, completeness and legal validity of the contract.
Blockchain digital tools represented by electronic contracts will become an important driving force for the digital transformation of real estate companies. As a professional domestic blockchain electronic signing platform under Yibaoquan, Junzizhuan can integrate with major software systems such as real estate enterprise OA, procurement software, bidding software, and project management systems to integrate all real estate companies’ current situation and needs. The work of signing documents and contracts has been moved from offline to online, and the entire process of document drafting, review, sealing, storage and transmission is completed electronically, which can well solve the above operation and management pain points faced by real estate companies and open up the digitalization of real estate companies. The last mile of the transformation process.

『二』2019 Internet Insurance Report

Internet premium income has experienced negative growth, and industry development has reached a bottleneck

Public data from the Insurance Association of China shows that Internet insurance has It experienced explosive growth in the four years from 2012 to 2015, with premium income increasing nearly 20 times. The penetration rate of Internet insurance reached 9.2% in 2015. However, starting from 2016, the growth of Internet insurance premiums has stagnated and begun to decrease, and the penetration rate has declined year after year. In 2018, the penetration rate was only 5%. The main reason is that due to the influence of insurance industry policies, Internet insurance The development of the industry has brought short-term pain, but from a long-term perspective, the Internet insurance industry can develop more healthily after policy adjustments.

Statistics on the scale and penetration rate of Internet insurance premiums in China from 2012 to 2018

Data source: Compiled by Qianzhan Industry Research Institute

C2B may be the key to breaking the situation

In the short term, the current Internet insurance companiesCompanies lose money because they make money, but judging from the growth pattern of small and medium-sized enterprises, short-term losses are not a big problem. However, in the future, Internet insurance companies also need to actively explore applicable and sustainable business models

In innovation and Empowered by technology, attention to Internet insurance, one of the subcategories of the insurance sentiment index, is rising significantly. Internet insurance is the only investment and financial product segment sentiment index that has seen a monthly increase in attention since January to June this year. Analysts say that the development of the Internet economy has brought an incremental market to the insurance industry. With the continuous expansion of Internet sales channels and the emergence of low-threshold and experiential innovative insurance types, more and more Internet users are beginning to turn to online channels for insurance.

Many insurance professionals said that Internet insurance business entities should focus on continuously cultivating value users and building their own core value user base through measures such as scene exploration, precise traffic drainage, value induction and relationship deepening.

Taking customer needs as the starting point for all business cooperation and better meeting customer needs through reverse customization (C2B) is an advanced form of customer-centered expression and also allows the Internet to be used from the supply side. Insurance products meet needs more accurately. However, customization does not mean allowing customers to customize freely. Insurance products are very complex and customers are not professional. Therefore, we must not only encourage customization, provide customers with customized tools and platforms, but also provide reasonable guidance.

For more data sources and analysis, please refer to the "China Internet Insurance Industry Business Model and Investment Strategy Planning Analysis Report" released by Qianzhan Industry Research Institute. At the same time, Qianzhan Industry Research Institute also provides industry big data and industry planning. , industrial declaration, industrial park planning, industrial investment promotion and other solutions.

『三』Blockchain application in insurance industry

To answer this question, let’s first introduce the core technology of blockchain and the current problems in the insurance industry.
Introduction to the core technology of blockchain
Blockchain mainly solves the trust and security issues of transactions, so it proposes four technological innovations to address this issue:
The first one is called distributed ledger , that is, transaction accounting is completed by multiple nodes distributed in different places, and each node records a complete account, so they can all participate in supervising the legality of the transaction and can also jointly testify for it. Different from traditional centralized accounting solutions, no node can record accounts independently, thus avoiding the possibility of a single accounting person being controlled or bribed to record false accounts. On the other hand, since there are enough accounting nodes, theoretically, the accounts will not be lost unless all nodes are destroyed, thereby ensuring the security of the accounting data.
The second one is called symmetric encryption and authorization technology. The transaction information stored on the blockchain is public, but the account identity information is highly encrypted and can only be accessed with the authorization of the data owner, thus Data security and personal privacy are guaranteed.
The third one is called the consensus mechanism, which is how all accounting nodesReaching a consensus to determine the validity of a record is both a means of identification and a means of preventing tampering. Blockchain proposes four different consensus mechanisms, which are suitable for different application scenarios and strike a balance between efficiency and security. Taking Bitcoin as an example, it uses proof of work. Only when more than 51% of the accounting nodes in the entire network are controlled, it is possible to forge a non-existent record. When there are enough nodes joining the blockchain, this is basically impossible, thus eliminating the possibility of fraud.
The fourth technical feature is called smart contracts. Smart contracts are based on these trustworthy and non-tamperable data and can automatically execute some predefined rules and terms. Take insurance as an example. If everyone's information (including medical information and risk occurrence information) is true and trustworthy, it will be easy to automate claims settlement in some standardized insurance products.
Policyholder Risk Management
In today's insurance operations, disputes between insurance companies and policyholders often occur. Either the policyholder provides false personal information to defraud the insurance, or the exemption clause is used when settling a claim. There are differences in the identification. The key to these problems lies in the lack of an authentic and credible data collection and storage method for the personal information of policyholders.
With the advancement of national systematic projects such as the digitization of medical information and personal credit reporting systems, more and more authoritative data sources appear. If these data can be introduced and stored on the blockchain, it will become Along with each person's digital identity, the data on this is authentic and trustworthy, cannot be tampered with, is synchronized in real time, and is valid for life, which will bring great benefits to the risk management of policyholders.
First, it is to connect the data between different companies and refer to each other, so as to timely discover information such as repeated insurance and historical claims, and timely identify high-risk users.
Second, introducing data from different industries into the blockchain can improve the accuracy and efficiency of underwriting and claims verification. To give an example of critical illness insurance, if all the medical treatment records of the policy holder and even the medical records of immediate family members can be queried on the blockchain, we will have a first-hand understanding of the policy holder’s current physical condition, disease history, and family medical history. information, effectively preventing you from taking out insurance while you are sick.
For example, Tongxinhuzhu, the first network mutual aid platform in China that uses blockchain technology as its core, uses blockchain technology to achieve decentralized information sharing based on traditional mutual aid platforms and innovatively achieve comprehensive and transparent operations. , to build a fair, just, open, safe and efficient open mutual aid information service platform for the public.

Extended reading: [Insurance] How to buy, which one is better, and a step-by-step guide to avoid these "pitfalls" of insurance

『四』The current status of application scenarios in the field of blockchain insurance, What are the future development trends?

Although the application of blockchain technology in the insurance industry is mostly in the technical verification stage, the rapid development of application scenarios already indicates that this technology will have a transformative impact on the insurance industry. Some IT giants such as Microsoft, IBM, AGuwen, Alibaba, Tencent, etc. have already begun to deploy in the blockchain field, and some have even launched products or services based on blockchain technology.
According to the "In-depth Analysis Report on Business Model Innovation and Investment Opportunities in China's Blockchain Industry" by the Qianzhan Industry Research Institute, the current application of blockchain in the domestic and foreign insurance industry mainly includes the following categories: The first category is the use area Blockchain technology can complete insurance contracts in accordance with established rules when a certain condition is triggered when data is scattered at multiple points, such as flight delay insurance, unemployment insurance, etc.; the second category is in the field of reinsurance and co-insurance. In the transaction matching and settlement of mutual insurance business, blockchain is used to enhance the efficiency and transparency of transactions and settlements; the third category is used to track the production/growth process of commodities, using the traceability characteristics of blockchain for tracking The farming process of agricultural products or the production and circulation of valuables.
In the long run, the application of blockchain in the insurance industry has broad development prospects and numerous business convergence points, and is very likely to bring about revolutionary and disruptive changes.

『五』KBC: What earth-shattering changes will blockchain technology bring to the insurance industry?

KBC KBC

1 .What do you think about medical insurance?

However, with the improvement of living standards and the opening of ideas, we have begun to have a new view of this slightly derogatory term, and slowly begun to accept it into our lives. For example: purchase various types of medical insurance on a regular basis, even if you have not been to the hospital for several years.

This is by no means a waste of money, but you are gradually starting to pay attention to your health. Since you are not sure what kind of accidents will happen in the future, you choose to reduce the risk through medical insurance - especially When the cost is acceptable.

The chart below shows statistical data from the World Health Organization and the World Bank, which shows that medical consumption as a whole has been on a fluctuating upward trend in recent years.

Medical consumption (trillions of US dollars)

However, you may also find that the development pace of insurance companies does not seem to keep up with the speed of this era. In this era, more and more attention is paid to In the Internet world of product user experience, you start to get tired of the tedious processes and low processing efficiency when handling insurance business, and you also need to pay a lot of service fees.

You are also beginning to get used to a lot of your private data being in the hands of insurance companies. After all, you have no idea what they will do with your information, and you may even occasionally worry about some small insurance companies. Will he suddenly go bankrupt or even run away?

So is there a better option?

2. Mutual Aid Community - an optimized version of the insurance company

The business model of the "Mutual Aid Community" is very simple, just like when we were in school: each student pays 10 yuan As a class fee, it will be kept with the class leader and used for future class expenses..

"Mutual aid communities" are similar to class fees: some people spontaneously form a community, and each person regularly pays a sum of money as a certificate of joining, which is deposited with the community manager. If any member has an accident or accident later, Diseases can be compensated from the fund pool, and the money is shared equally by everyone in the community.

This is a great idea - you thought so at first, after all, it means no more paying service fees to the insurance company, and no more cumbersome and complicated forms. But as time goes by, you need to consider other issues: because the money is placed with the community manager, there may be problems with false reporting of information; of course, if you know a little bit about economics, you will also know that due to annual inflation, your funds will The funds in the pool will depreciate year by year (because they cannot generate current income).

The "inflation" statistics of medical costs are shown in the following chart:

The above chart shows that the rise in medical costs has always been more serious than monetary inflation. To put it bluntly, if the treatment of a certain disease cost 10,000 yuan 10 years ago, then today, 10 years later, the cost of treatment will be 23,828 yuan, an increase of nearly 140%, and a compound annual growth rate of 9%. If this growth trend continues, medical treatment will become increasingly luxurious.

If you begin to agree with and have some concerns about the above issues, you may be able to look forward to the arrival of blockchain technology.

3. Blockchain: the solution that emerged

Since there are such obvious pain points, you will naturally be more concerned about how to solve these problems, and as With the popularity and rise of digital currency in recent years, even if you are in other industries, you have heard more or less relevant information. Of course, you are more interested in whether the underlying technology of Bitcoin, blockchain, can solve the problem. Current pain points.

1

Trust issues

The primary feature of blockchain is decentralization, which means that rights are distributed by a single institution to various users. This means that economic value and governance are distributed among network stakeholders, and all property transfers are recorded, so that you can follow all public data of the community, thus avoiding the modification or concealment of any key information.

2

Inflation issue

Digital assets on the blockchain generally have a clear upper limit on the total amount, which can effectively weaken inflation. And it can flow globally, forming asset hedging.

3

Personal privacy issues

The distributed system of blockchain can perfectly solve the problem of personal data privacy.

You can fully control the disclosure of your data through your own private key, and only submit it when needed (such as applying for compensation).Specific parties (such as notaries) only need to disclose specific information (you did suffer an accident). In one sentence: I did have an operation, but I do not need to disclose my mobile phone number or prove that I Do you have a driver's license?

At this time, companies have begun to make plans in this field, such as KBC, which has begun crowdfunding. In an interview, Campbell, the founder of its product, also emphasized the importance of blockchain technology to their business:

“Blockchain technology essentially solves the problem of trust, and in the actual business process Among them, there are cost issues caused by trust. At the same time, the information Internet will inevitably transition to the value Internet. Therefore, blockchain technology will also inevitably optimize the business model of the insurance industry, remove intermediate costs, and promote the efficient transmission and sharing of information and value. For example Liquidation efficiency, optimization of compensation, industry interconnection of user data, etc.”

Naturally, KBC will also try to create a corresponding mutual aid community through blockchain technology.

Recently, KBC has cooperated with OK-Burma Digital Asset Exchange to build a global blockchain healthy mutual aid community. The decentralization, data transparency, and non-tamperability of smart contracts of blockchain technology perfectly fit the concept of mutual assistance. In the era of blockchain revolution, it has become possible to change the production relations of the global health security industry. Kangbao Coin-KBC came into being and is committed to building a global health mutual aid community through blockchain technology.

KBC will leverage OK-Burma’s most complete data model and operational experience in the global digital currency industry. Based on the strategic partnership with OK-Burma, it is expected to provide KBC with a cold start market of one million users within half a year. At the same time, KBC will be open to global users and organizations to join through its own encouragement mechanism to truly form a global healthy mutual aid community.

In the KBC global blockchain health mutual aid community, members around the world share the health risks of serious diseases. If one person gets sick, everyone will share it equally, allowing members to use a very small KBC (Kangbao Coin system token) ) expenditure to obtain stable health protection. KBC allows any individual and organization to use KBC to join the community and become a community member or extend membership. When a user suffers from a serious illness, the compensation application will be reviewed by a global notary body elected by decentralization. After passing the review, you can get a large amount of KBC as compensation. After converting KBC into local legal currency through a digital currency exchange, you can pay huge medical expenses and obtain health protection. KBC forms an agreement through smart contracts and operates automatically for a long time in a decentralized form. KBC obtains market value through liquidity, combined with the growing risk funds in the system. The three factors work together to enable KBC to implement perfect health protection for its members.

4. Integrate scattered mutual aid organizations to achieve win-win results for the entire industry

The size of the mutual aid group directly affects the stability of the entire community ecology. Therefore, whether it is foreign mutual insurance or domestic small mutual aid platforms, it is difficult to form a long-term and stable economic model, and it is difficult to avoid vicious competition. Illegal operations and outages of individual organizations have a great impact on the protection of mutual aid members. As a decentralized global mutual aid community, KBC is committed to integrating the current status of the industry through its solid user base, stable data model and effective incentive mechanism to achieve a win-win situation for the industry and users.

『Lu』 The use of blockchain technology can really solve the current situation of online mutual insurance

In the daily business of insurance companies, although transactions are not as frequent as those in the banking and securities industries , but the reliance on trusted data continues unabated. Therefore, using blockchain technology from the perspective of data management can effectively help insurance companies improve their risk management capabilities. Specifically speaking, it is mainly divided into risk management of policyholders and risk supervision of insurance companies.
Policyholder Risk Management
In today's insurance operations, disputes between insurance companies and policyholders often occur. Either the policyholder provides false personal information to defraud the insurance, or the exemption clause is used when settling a claim. There are differences in the identification. The key to these problems lies in the lack of an authentic and credible data collection and storage method for the personal information of policyholders.
With the advancement of national systematic projects such as the digitization of medical information and personal credit reporting systems, more and more authoritative data sources appear. If these data can be introduced and stored on the blockchain, it will become Along with each person's digital identity, the data on this is authentic and trustworthy, cannot be tampered with, is synchronized in real time, and is valid for life, which will bring great benefits to the risk management of policyholders.
First, it is to connect the data between different companies and refer to each other, so as to timely discover information such as repeated insurance and historical claims, and timely identify high-risk users. Take the fraudulent accidental injury insurance claim of RMB 40 million in March this year as an example. Zhou from Yangzhou purchased insurance from more than ten life insurance companies, but was not discovered until manual underwriting. If every insurance information he applies for is recorded in the blockchain, it can be discovered quickly and measures can be taken in a timely manner.
Second, introducing data from different industries into the blockchain can improve the accuracy and efficiency of underwriting and claims verification. To give an example of critical illness insurance, if all the medical treatment records of the policy holder and even the medical records of immediate family members can be queried on the blockchain, we will have a first-hand understanding of the policy holder’s current physical condition, disease history, and family medical history. information, effectively preventing you from taking out insurance while you are sick.
Risk supervision of insurance companies
During the operation of insurance companies, risks occur from time to time due to various reasons. Regulatory agencies can only take measures to review beforehand or restrict afterward. However, as the front end of the insurance business becomes increasingly open and the companies participating in the insurance market become more and more diversified, the need for in-process supervision becomes increasingly prominent. In the author’s opinion, blockchain technology is one of the effective technical means for ongoing supervision. As long as the insurance company will operate on a daily basisBy moving the process to the blockchain and developing an accounting node (even a read-only accounting node) to the regulatory agency, the regulatory agency can observe all business trends of the insurance company in real time. For example, capital flow and investment composition, product underwriting and compensation data, major personnel and management operations, etc. do not need to wait for insurance companies to declare afterwards, so that possible business risks and illegal operations can be discovered in a timely manner.
On this basis, regulatory agencies can also use big data technology to analyze and predict the national insurance market, timely discover and prevent possible systemic risks, or discover potential protection needs and trends, thereby Provide better protection for the people.
At present, the first domestic blockchain startup company Abbots Financial Technology Company launched the first project Tongxin Mutual Assistance, which uses network mutual assistance as the entry point to continuously promote the application and development of blockchain technology in China. Technically, through blockchain and big data technology, we can eliminate the shortcomings of the traditional network mutual aid model and establish an open and transparent new network mutual aid platform.

『撒』 What applications can blockchain technology have in the insurance industry?

Blockchain technology also has incomparable advantages in the insurance industry. From the perspective of data management, the application of blockchain technology by insurance companies can effectively improve risk management and control capabilities, including the risk supervision of insurance companies and the risk management of policyholders.

The application of blockchain technology in the insurance industry can strengthen the internal risk supervision of insurance companies. Blockchain technology can record the daily operating processes of insurance companies on nodes, and can achieve in-process control over the company's capital flow, investment status, compensation amounts and other businesses, and improve the company's risk management and control capabilities.

In addition, blockchain technology is safe, reliable, and cannot be tampered with at will, ensuring that the information obtained by the policy holder is true and effective, thereby enhancing the policy holder's risk management capabilities.

『8』What can blockchain technology + network mutual assistance bring to the insurance industry?

Network mutual assistance is actually a domestic version of foreign mutual insurance (or mutual insurance). Variants. It inherits some characteristics of the mutual insurance model, such as organizational form and management methods, and also makes some changes based on the characteristics of China’s insurance market and the current regulatory environment.
The benefits of online mutual aid
Online mutual aid relies on the Internet’s efficient information matching capabilities, convenient payment services, and low joining thresholds, so online mutual aid has the ability to gather a large number of members in a short period of time
Low cost
At least 50%~80% cheaper than traditional protection solutions
The value provided by network mutual aid is easily accepted by users

Flexible protection
Flexible products Diversified, mutual aid products for various groups of people can be launched
Problems with online mutual aid
Operation is not transparent
There may be problems such as the platform fabricating mutual aid events to steal user funds
User concealmentPrivate
Internet mutual aid platforms are generally supported by technology companies and lack supervision and public trust, so they are easily questioned
Inefficient
Slow compensation process
Currently the first domestic application of blockchain Tongxinshe, a technological network mutual aid platform, believes that the emergence of blockchain technology provides solutions to these problems. Network mutual aid applications developed based on the blockchain platform can maximize the absolute security of funds, protocols, and information and increase risks. control ability.
Transparent fund flow
All fund flow details are recorded on the blockchain. The data cannot be forged or tampered to ensure the authenticity and validity of the data. All regulatory units, public media, and ordinary users can view and supervise it at any time.
Efficient execution of rules
All fund transfers are executed in accordance with public and non-tamperable smart contracts. Once determined, they can be executed accurately and without error. No one can intervene, embezzle or intervene artificially, which improves the rules. Execution efficiency
User information security
All personal sensitive information is highly encrypted and stored. Unless authorized by the user, others cannot access or steal it
The service will never go down
Run on the public chain The network mutual assistance on the Internet does not depend on whether a certain central server is online, and can ensure that the services provided will never be down

『九』 How to use modern information technology such as blockchain to improve the digital level of supply chain finance

In recent years, supply chain finance has been encouraged by many policies at the national level and is an important way for my country to serve the real economy and support small and medium-sized enterprises. On July 6, 2019, the China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission issued the "Guiding Opinions of the General Office of the China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission on Promoting Supply Chain Financial Services to Serve the Real Economy", requiring banking and insurance institutions to rely on core supply chain enterprises to provide upstream and downstream chain enterprises with A package of comprehensive financial services such as financing, settlement, and cash management. In September 2020, eight departments including the central bank, the Ministry of Commerce, and the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology issued the "Opinions on Regulating the Development of Supply Chain Finance to Support the Stable Cycle and Optimization and Upgrading of the Supply Chain Industrial Chain", requiring financial institutions and entities to strengthen information sharing and collaboration to improve The online and digital level of supply chain financing has improved the efficiency of accounts receivable financing for small, medium and micro enterprises, and has become a programmatic document for the development of supply chain finance in my country. The 2021 Government Work Report separately mentions "innovative supply chain financial service models" for the first time, which means that the development of supply chain finance has become a national strategy. It can be seen from this that the state emphasizes on the service model to play the credit transmission role of core enterprises based on the authenticity of trade; on the application of technology, it encourages the role of blockchain, big data, Internet of Things and other technologies , monitor the flow of information such as property rights and claims in the industrial chain to solve the problem of business credit risk management and control.
According to data from the National Bureau of Statistics, the accounts receivable of my country's industrial enterprises above designated size exceeded 16 trillion yuan in 2020, an increase of 15.1% from the end of 2019; the inventory of finished products reached 4.6 trillion yuan, an increase of 7.5%. The balance of accounts receivable continues to increase nationwide, and the proportion of liquid assets also continues to rise. Problems such as slowdown in corporate working capital turnover, high financing pressure, and high liquidity risks in accounts receivable cannot be effectively alleviated, which to a large extent affects The healthy development of small and medium-sized enterprises and the good operation of the economy. It is urgent to solve the working capital pressure of real enterprises, especially the financing problems of small, medium and micro enterprises. "Ask the easy questions and solve the difficult ones." To solve the financing problems of small, medium and micro enterprises, we must first solve the problem of mutual trust between banks and enterprises in the industrial chain, and truly realize that the information on financial services and business operations is well-founded, verifiable and consistent. Returning to the essence of blockchain is actually to use technologies such as data encryption, multi-party verification, and blockchain storage to solve problems such as difficulty in verifying the authenticity of assets and trade information between buyers and sellers in the industry chain, and high cost of credit assessment; through blockchain technology To optimize the production relations of the inclusive financial ecosystem and accelerate the improvement of supply chain financial innovation service models and service capabilities.
According to the "Blockchain Financial Application Development White Paper (2020)" released by the Industrial and Commercial Bank of China Financial Technology Research Institute, supply chain finance regards the core enterprises in the supply chain and its related upstream and downstream enterprises as a whole. Relying on core enterprises and taking real trade as the premise, we use self-reimbursement trade financing to provide comprehensive financial products and services to upstream and downstream enterprises in the supply chain. By observing the current development of supply chain finance business, we found that its large-scale substantial advancement still faces many difficulties.
Multiple levels of credit transmission are blocked. Restricted by corporate reputation and traditional financial risk control requirements, the self-built supply chain financial platforms of most financial institutions and core enterprises mainly focus on the first-level upstream and downstream of the core enterprise, but can truly cater to the second-level, third-level, and N-level upstreams. There are very few downstream enterprises that can use the real trade links of core enterprises as credit endorsement to carry out financing business. Under existing business operations, we often face situations where core enterprises or key enterprises are not proactive and unwilling to cooperate in confirming rights. The reason is that there is often no direct trade relationship between core enterprises and N-level enterprises, and core enterprises in a strong position are not willing to cooperate; there are also problems such as high frequency of rights confirmation, cumbersome offline operations, and concerns about the leakage of commercial secrets. Therefore, small, medium and micro enterprises in the industrial chain cannot solve their own financing problems with the help of core enterprise credit and trade flow information, and the credit "watering" of core enterprises only reaches first-level upstream and downstream enterprises. Blockchain has the characteristics of distributed ledger, transparent traceability, automatic execution of smart contracts and other characteristics, which has become the exploration direction of technology application to solve credit disassembly and realize multi-level credit transmission.
The authenticity of the trade is difficult to verify. Supply chain finance relies on real trade transactions to carry out financing. However, in practice, due to the lack of effective verification methods and multi-dimensional risk control data sources, it is difficult for financial institutions to know the authenticity of transaction information, and manual verification Costs remain high, resulting in information asymmetry and trust gaps between banks and enterprises. In recent years, there have been frequent news incidents of loan fraud involving companies colluding and colluding with false trade. Therefore, solving silverInformation asymmetry between enterprises has become a necessary condition for the smooth development of supply chain finance. Blockchain's multi-party maintenance of the same ledger, built-in timestamp, and non-tampering characteristics have begun to be used by industry insiders to build multi-dimensional trusted data sources to ensure the verifiability of transaction information.
Information from multiple parties in the industry chain is separated from each other and cannot be shared. The links, enterprise types, participants, etc. involved in supply chain finance are relatively complex and diverse. The information and data islands of each supply chain participant have not been effectively connected. Faced with problems such as difficulty in matching capital flow, information flow, business flow, and cargo flow, it has not been able to form a The synergistic effect of the entire industrial chain has hindered the development of supply chain finance, making it difficult and difficult to cure the stubborn problem of financing difficulties and expensive financing for small and medium-sized enterprises.
In response to the above-mentioned outstanding problems in the development of supply chain finance, my country has proposed an "innovative supply chain financial service model" at the central government level for the first time. As an emerging financial service model, industry insiders generally believe that in order to innovate the supply chain financial model, it is necessary to accelerate the digital transformation of supply chain finance, conduct business online and digitally, and use blockchain, big data and other technologies to solve trade confirmation issues. , transaction authenticity and other issues, helping financial institutions control transaction risks and build a digital trust mechanism. The key is to make the information data in supply chain financial activities credible, transparent, mutually verified and traceable.
Blockchain technology has been identified as an important breakthrough for independent innovation of national core technologies. The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology positioned it as a new infrastructure in 2019 and has begun to serve the real economy on a large scale, reducing costs and increasing efficiency for the real economy. According to statistics from CCID Blockchain Research Institute, blockchain accounted for 29% of application implementation projects in the financial field in 2019, the highest proportion among application implementation projects in the same period, covering electronic vouchers, payment and settlement, and insurance claims. , credit investigation, loan financing and other business scenarios. According to the "China Blockchain Development Report (2020)", it is expected that the market size of my country's blockchain core products and solutions, as well as related derivative industries, will reach 10 billion yuan by 2022. From the perspective of the technology itself, according to the "White Paper on Supply Chain Finance Based on Blockchain Technology (2020)", blockchain is a kind of data block that is connected sequentially in chronological order and combined into a chain data structure that distributes, Distributed ledger technology that is consistently stored among all participants and uses cryptography to ensure that data cannot be tampered with or forged. Blockchain is the integration of a series of technologies such as point-to-point network, data encryption, distributed data storage, and consensus mechanisms. It has the characteristics of multi-center, non-tampering, traceability, and high security. As a new cutting-edge technology, blockchain is naturally suitable for supply chain finance business scenarios involving multiple parties, and has great potential to promote supply chain finance to deeper industrial applications.
Faced with the difficulties faced by supply chain finance business development, the blockchain-based supply chain finance platform has changed the business development model in the following aspects.
Confirm the rights of basic claims. Since the logic of supply chain financial financing services is to treat debts and claims based on the supply chain as a financial asset,In order to achieve financing through external transfer, it is necessary to confirm the rights of the basic creditor's rights, that is, to confirm that the basic creditor's rights have truly arisen and to confirm that the adverse factors that may affect the effective exercise of the basic creditor's rights have been eliminated. Faced with the practical problem that core enterprises are unwilling to cooperate in confirming rights, the supply chain financial platform based on blockchain transforms claims into blockchain digital certificates that can be freely split, transferred for payment, and financing, which can realize accounts receivable. The circulation of payment transactions among multi-level enterprises. While ensuring the authenticity of the trade, this model is equivalent to pre-confirmation of rights. Financial institutions can directly lend money based on the blockchain digital certificate in one step online, changing the traditional offline lending model.
Achieve multi-level transmission of credit. The core of supply chain finance is credit. Only multi-level transmission of credit can effectively provide financing services to small, medium and micro enterprises based on the credit of core enterprises. Different from the traditional supply chain finance method, the credit of core enterprises can only be transmitted to first-level enterprises. Financial technologies such as blockchain are used to generate transferable digital certificates on the platform, and the underlying assets of debts and claims generated by trade are transferred through the blockchain. Generate unique digital credentials. Its block chain structure with timestamps can ensure that digital certificates cannot be tampered with, are extremely verifiable and traceable, can be transferred and split, and turn corporate credit into a tool. After multiple splits and transfers, digital certificates can clearly retain the core corporate credit, allowing the core corporate credit to be passed along trusted trade links to the end of the industrial chain. For example, after a first-tier supplier signs for a voucher issued by a core enterprise, it can transfer it to the upper-tier supplier as a means of payment based on the real trade background, which solves the problem that the core enterprise's credit cannot be transferred to multi-tier suppliers.
Ensure the authenticity of trade. By fully recording and uploading basic materials related to trade in the supply chain - contracts, invoices, documents, funds and other information - all types of data can be shared in a timely manner. Utilizing blockchain's real-name authentication, cross-verification identity access, authentication, etc., can ensure the credibility of data sources; technical features such as multi-level encryption and signature verification can ensure data security. Combined with big data analysis technology, the authenticity of trade data can be verified through cross-validation, which can effectively reduce the verification and risk control costs of offline authenticity, build a new trust mechanism and efficient collaboration mechanism, and effectively support supply chain finance. The service covers multi-level enterprises in the supply chain, especially small, medium and micro enterprises at the end.
With the popularization of technology, the exploration of supply chain financial innovation models based on blockchain is in the ascendant. For example: Zheshang Bank cooperated with Qulian Technology in 2017 to launch the accounts receivable chain platform. The platform adopts the "blockchain + supply chain finance" model and can handle the issuance, acceptance, confirmation and payment of accounts receivable. , transfer, pledge, redemption and other businesses, converting accounts receivable into electronic payment settlement and financing tools, revitalizing the originally illiquid accounts receivable assets; Tianjin Free Trade Pilot Zone launched a blockchain-based receivable Xin Warehouse is the country's first supply chain financial innovation model that integrates warehouse receipt pledge, disposal, trading, and risk control and price locking.
MadeAs one of the important starting points for financial digital transformation, blockchain has entered a comprehensive construction stage. The original intention of building blockchain is to empower the development of industry and finance. By leveraging the role of blockchain in building digital trust, we can build new organizational relationships, create an innovative service paradigm for industrial chain finance, and actively promote the digital, intelligent, and scenario-based development of supply chain finance. , to help create an open, shared, green, efficient and credible supply chain financial ecosystem, truly solve the practical pain points of many parties in supply chain financial services, and enhance the stability and competitiveness of the industrial chain supply chain.
The author is the CEO of Qulian Technology