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『一』 Understand the relationship between blockchain and big data, cloud computing, and Bitcoin
Blockchain is an untamperable, full-historical database storage Technology, a huge set of block data contains the entire history of each transaction. With the rapid development of blockchain applications, the data scale will become larger and larger, and different business scenarios will further expand the data integration of blockchain. Data size and richness. However, what the blockchain provides is the integrity of the ledger, and the ability of data statistical analysis is relatively weak. Big data has massive data storage technology and flexible and efficient analysis technology, which will greatly enhance the value and use space of blockchain data.
Digital currency is a form of expression represented by blockchain 1.0, mainly Bitcoin; as a virtual currency system, the total amount of Bitcoin is limited by the network consensus agreement, and no individual or institution can Changes and modifications to the supply and transaction records, so after the Bitcoin network has been successfully running for many years, the blockchain, as the underlying technology that supports the operation of Bitcoin, is essentially an extremely clever distributed shared ledger and peer-to-peer value transmission technology. It will have a very large potential impact on finance and even all walks of life.
Blockchain and cloud computing, the research, development, and testing of blockchain technology involve multiple systems. Time and capital costs will hinder the breakthrough of blockchain technology. Software development based on blockchain technology, It is still a high-barrier job. Cloud computing services have the characteristics of elastic resource scalability, rapid adjustment, low cost and high reliability, which can help small and medium-sized enterprises to develop and deploy blockchain quickly and at low cost. The integration of the two technologies will accelerate the development of blockchain technology. The blockchain technology is mature and promotes the rapid expansion of blockchain into the financial industry.
『二』 Is the enterprise-level blockchain cloud service platform BaaS?
In many cases of blockchain commercial applications, we can always see the word BaaS, BaaS It is the abbreviation of Blockchain as a Service, and the Chinese translation is "Blockchain as a Service". So what exactly is Blockchain as a Service BaaS?
With this question, we followed Xiao Wang from the Renren blockchain technology team to discuss it carefully.
According to Xiao Wang: Blockchain as a Service BaaS is a concept mainly proposed by the two giants Microsoft and IBM. To put it bluntly, it is actually a new type of cloud service, a cloud service that combines blockchain technology. . For example, Microsoft's Azure cloud computing platform and IBM's Bluemix Garage cloud platform both provide blockchain as a service BaaS.
Blockchain as a Service BaaS is a space created by companies such as Microsoft and IBM from their own cloud service networks to run a certain blockchain node. Compared with ordinary nodes and exchange nodes, the main purpose of BaaS nodes is to quickly establish the development environment you need and provide a series of operational services such as blockchain-based search queries, transaction submissions, and data analysis. These services can both It can be centralized or decentralized.Used to help developers verify their concepts and models faster. The serviceability of BaaS nodes is reflected in: stronger tools, making it easier to create, deploy, run and monitor blockchains.
『三』How are blockchain and cloud computing related?
Blockchain is an intelligent peer-to-peer network that identifies, disseminates and records information in distributed databases, also known as For the Internet of Value.
Cloud computing is an Internet-based computing method in which shared software and hardware resources and information can be provided to various computer terminals and other devices on demand.
It can be seen that blockchain is more inclined to the identification, dissemination and recording of information, while the latter is only a calculation method based on shared hardware or information.
In the future, blockchain and cloud computing can be combined.
『四』 Which is more important, blockchain or cloud computing, in the digital economy?
Blockchain is more important in the digital economy, because in the digital economy, blockchain is used to store and analyze data. The place is the source of decision-making, so it is more important.
『Wu』 Cloud Computing and Blockchain
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Before understanding the specific relationship between cloud computing and blockchain, we Need to know what blockchain is?
We might as well first use an example to gradually understand the blockchain. It is said that in a village lacking trust, the old village chief invented a new accounting method in order to prevent villagers from denying each other when borrowing money from each other: if Zhang San borrowed 100 yuan from Li Si, the village loudspeaker would Announce the news to the whole village. The villagers each have an account book in their hands. At this time, they will separately write down "Zhang San borrowed 100 yuan from Li Si at such and such a time." It would be useless if Zhang San wanted to deny it when the time came to repay the loan, because this record was written in the account books of other people in the village. This is the prototype of blockchain.
With the above cases, it is not difficult to understand the meaning of blockchain when we describe it. Blockchain refers to a technical solution that collectively maintains a reliable database through decentralization and trustlessness. Take accounting as an example. There is no central ledger in the blockchain. Everyone has the opportunity to participate in accounting. Everyone is the center, and everyone in the system has a ledger. With the above foreshadowing, let’s get down to business.
With the widespread application of cloud services, the impact of cloud service provider equipment failures is increasing. Almost all centralized cloud service providers have experienced failures or even data loss. So, is it possible to cure this problem? A simple idea is "don't put all your eggs in one basket". A more professional one is "distributed cloud computing + blockchain".
Before the birth of blockchain technology, many cloud computing manufacturers used distributed cloud computing to solve the shortcomings of centralized cloud computing. Distributed cloud computing studies how to transform a system that requires very large computing power intoThe problem that can be solved is divided into many small parts, and then these small parts are assigned to many computers for processing, and finally the computer results are combined to obtain the final result.
"Cloud computing + blockchain" is called BaaS, which means Blockchain Technology as a service, which translates to Blockchain as a Service. At present, many Internet giants have announced the launch of BaaS business. IBM announced the launch of a blockchain service platform in February 2016, where developers can access fully integrated development and operation tools for creating, deploying, running and monitoring blockchain applications on the IBM cloud. As a pioneer in the successful implementation of "distributed cloud computing and blockchain" in China, Xunlei has now achieved the combination of distributed cloud computing and blockchain technology.
『Lu』 What is blockchain
What is blockchain
What is blockchain? Many people have no idea what blockchain is. It is not very clear, and some people have even never heard of it. In fact, blockchain is a common technology. I have compiled relevant information about what blockchain is for everyone.
What is blockchain 1Speaking of blockchain, we have to mention its twin brother-Bitcoin.
Time goes back to 11 years ago. On November 1, 2008, the world was shrouded in the huge shadow of the financial crisis. That day, a mysterious geek who called himself "Satoshi Nakamoto" sent a group email.
Attached to the email is a paper titled: "Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System."
Satoshi Nakamoto said in the email that he is working on a new electronic cash system that is completely peer-to-peer and does not require any trusted third party. About half a month later, Satoshi Nakamoto released the source code of the Bitcoin system non-stop.
On January 3, 2009, an interesting invention turned out. Satoshi Nakamoto generated the first Bitcoin block on the server, which is the so-called "Bitcoin genesis block". Since then, the Bitcoin system has officially opened.
Having said that, you might as well stop and think about how we conduct cash transactions in real life.
Suppose you borrow 10,000 yuan from a friend and promise to pay it back in one month. You may choose to repay the loan by bank card transfer. The bank is responsible for deducting 10,000 yuan from your deposit account and adding 10,000 yuan to your friend's deposit account.
Here, the bank is the institution responsible for keeping accounts. The underlying reason why you choose bank transfer is that you believe it is more reliable and will help you transfer 10,000 yuan to a friend.
However, in the digital world, inventing a currency is another matter.
The unsung hero of the Bitcoin game
First of all, Satoshi Nakamoto wanted peer-to-peer directAccept transactions and bypass the third party, the bank. This problem is easy to solve. Then there will be no banks. Users will issue their own currencies through a unique mechanism and trade directly with each other.
But this brings another problem. There is no bank as a reliable intermediary responsible for accounting, and users do not know each other. How to ensure that no one cheats during transactions?
For example, in the digital world, electronic files can be easily copied. 10 yuan of digital currency turns into 100 yuan by copying and pasting it with the mouse 10 times. Isn’t it a mess?
To solve this problem, we need to provide a mechanism for everyone to trust each other.
The method adopted by the Bitcoin system is to record all transaction processes openly and transparently in chronological order. These records are permanent and cannot be tampered with. This way you won't be able to do anything sneaky.
With these mechanisms, the Bitcoin system operates successfully.
This system stores data in units of data blocks, which are blocks. Approximately every 10 minutes, new blocks will be added. Each block records the detailed transaction process of Bitcoin and is timestamped. Different blocks are connected in chronological order through a certain algorithm, which is a chain.
Together, they are called "Blockchain".
In this way, the blockchain took root with the birth of Bitcoin. If Bitcoin is the star in front of the spotlight, blockchain is the hero behind the scenes responsible for providing a trust mechanism in the underlying technology.
Brand new changes in accounting methods
Although behind the scenes, the talent of blockchain was quickly discovered.
In technical terms, blockchain is a distributed ledger technology. To understand it, let’s take the simplest example.
Suppose your family keeps accounts like this: you, your father, and your mother each have an account book. You each record your own expenses, and at the end of each month, you tally the total household expenses together.
But dad likes to buy cigarettes, mom likes to stock up on cosmetics, and you like to buy snacks. You may both miss a few entries intentionally or unintentionally, and sometimes make corrections in the ledger. Therefore, when checking the accounts at the end of the month, there is always a discrepancy with the actual expenditure of the family.
In order to change this situation, you bought a new account book. You, your father, and your mother jointly use a new account book to keep accounts, remind and supervise each other, and check every expense together.
At the same time, you also agreed that once the expenses are clearly recorded, no alteration or deletion is allowed. After trying it for a few months, you found that this joint ledger matched the actual expenses of the family much more closely.
Blockchain is the second accounting method. The little story above tells us that it has at least these major features or benefits.
First of all, it is to go toCentralized, the database that was previously maintained by one party has become jointly maintained by multiple parties. Everyone writes data together based on consensus, and no one can control the data alone.
Secondly, it allows everyone to change from keeping separate accounts to joint accounting, which brings consistency and openness and transparency to the data.
In addition, the blockchain only allows data to be written, not deletion or modification, which prevents data from being secretly tampered with.
Mutual trust between strangers
In reality, many scenarios are much more complicated than how to keep accounts at home. Moreover, many aspects of financial transactions and business processing are mostly operated by strangers. How can we make everyone trust each other?
It’s blockchain’s turn to show its talents. Don’t forget, it can provide a mechanism for everyone to trust each other from the underlying technology.
For example, when you usually go to the wet market to buy things, you may worry about whether fish, shrimp, and vegetables are safe. Some companies see business opportunities and move the data of farmers and fish ponds to the blockchain. In this way, you will know which fish pond the fish you buy comes from, and you will feel more confident when eating.
For another example, links to fundraising for seriously ill patients often appear in Moments. When making a donation, you may have some concerns: Is the patient's condition real? Can donations really be delivered to patients?
In order to eliminate these concerns, some Internet charity organizations use blockchain to allow you to clearly view the steps for using your donation. If the review finds that the patient's condition is not true, the blockchain system will automatically return the donation to your account.
In the future, what changes can blockchain bring to our lives?
It is conceivable that when blockchain is widely used in various fields of society, it will become an important infrastructure in the information age and can solve many of the headaches that currently cause us.
For example, blockchain will allow countless islands of information to be "chained" together. When seeing a doctor, there is no need to repeat the examination just because you change hospitals. Entrepreneurs do not have to go to multiple departments to go through a procedure; many transactions no longer need to be done. Third-party guarantees are required, consumers no longer worry about non-refundable deposits, and creators do not have to worry about their works being stolen but getting nothing...
What is blockchain 2From an academic perspective, blockchain is New application models of computer technologies such as distributed data storage, point-to-point transmission, consensus mechanisms, and encryption algorithms. Blockchain is essentially a decentralized database.
Many people still don’t understand this explanation, so let me make a simple metaphor.
Hypothetical situation: Suppose you have a ledger at home and you are asked to keep accounts. In the past, your parents gave you your salary and asked you to record it in your account book. If you are greedy and want to buy something delicious in the meantime, the record in the ledger may be less than ten yuan.
This is just an example. I believe that when we were children, everyone probably wanted to take some money from their parents’ pockets to spend.
UseBlockchain’s method of solving problems:
If you use the whole family mobilization method to keep accounts, the above-mentioned problems will not exist, because you are keeping accounts, your father is also keeping accounts, and your mother is also keeping accounts. When it comes to bookkeeping, they can all see the general ledger. You can't change it, and neither can your parents. So your father who wants to buy cigarettes and you who want to eat can't do anything about it.
Functional "blockchain"
It can not only record every transaction, but also can be programmed to record almost everything of value to mankind. Things: birth and death certificates, marriage licenses, title deeds, degrees, financial accounts, medical history, insurance claims, ballots, food sources, and anything else that can be represented by a code.
Each block is like a hard disk, which saves all the above information and then encrypts it through cryptography technology. The saved information cannot be tampered with.
Every 10 minutes, the blockchain system will check all data generated during the period (such as transaction records and records of when the block was edited or created, etc.) and store these data in a new area. On the block, this block will be connected with the previous block to form a chain. Each block must contain relevant information from the previous block to be effective.
Characteristics of blockchain
1. Exceptionally safe:
Unlike centralized databases owned by companies or government agencies, blockchain is not controlled by anyone. or entity's control, data is replicated (distributed) in its entirety across multiple computers.
Unlike centralized databases, there is no single entry point for attackers, and data security is more guaranteed.
2. Non-tamperability:
Once entered into the blockchain, no information can be changed, and even the administrator cannot modify this information.
Once something appears, it cannot be changed. This attribute is of great significance to the changeable and ever-changing online world that humans currently live in.
3. Accessible:
All nodes in the network can easily access information.
4. No third party:
Because the blockchain is decentralized, it can facilitate peer-to-peer transactions, so whether you are trading or exchanging funds, there is no need for a third party of approval.
Blockchain itself is a platform.
Blockchain technology refers to a way for all people to participate in accounting. There is a database behind all systems. You can think of the database as a big ledger. Currently, each is keeping its own account.
Since there is no centralized intermediary agency, letting everything run automatically through preset programs can not only greatly reduce costs, but also improve efficiency. And since everyone has the same ledger, it can ensure that the ledger recording process is open and transparent.
Blockchain technology is the underlying technology of Bitcoin. Without the operation and management of any centralized organization, Bitcoin has been operating very stably for many years without any problems, so some people have noticed its The underlying technology abstracts the Bitcoin technology and calls it blockchain technology, or distributed ledger technology.
According to a report released by Santander, Spain's largest bank, if all banks around the world use blockchain technology internally around 2020, they will save approximately US$20 billion in costs per year. Such data is enough to illustrate the tremendous changes and breakthroughs that "blockchain" has brought to the traditional financial field.
Cloud computing is usually defined as providing dynamic, easily scalable and often virtualized resources through the Internet, but it is often a centralized organization that provides a cloud computing platform. The network composed of blockchain generally does not have a specific organization, so blockchain is closer to the definition of a distributed computing system and is a type of distributed computing.
The future development and application scenarios of blockchain
1. Digital identity
Many people will encounter "prove that my mother is me" when applying for various certificates. "Mom" dilemma, with blockchain, you no longer have to worry about it.
It turns out that our birth certificates, real estate certificates, marriage certificates, etc. need a central node for everyone to recognize them. Once cross-border, contracts and certificates may become invalid because of the lack of a global central node.
The non-tamperable nature of blockchain technology has fundamentally changed this situation. Our birth certificates, real estate certificates, and marriage certificates can all be notarized on the blockchain and become things trusted by the world. , of course, it can also easily prove "my mother is my mother".
2. Health care
Simply put, it is to use the blockchain to establish a universal record repository with timestamps, so that different databases can extract data information.
For example, when you go to see a doctor, you don’t have to change hospitals for repeated examinations, and you don’t have to worry about reimbursement for medical insurance, which can save time and expenses.
3. Travel consumption
For example, we often use apps such as Ctrip and Meituan to find and place orders for hotels and other services, and each platform gets commissions from them.
The application of blockchain is to remove middlemen and create a secure, decentralized way for service providers and customers to connect and trade directly.
4. More convenient transactions
Blockchain can make payments and transactions more efficient and convenient. The blockchain platform allows users to create smart contracts that become active when certain conditions are met, meaning that automatic payments can be released when both parties to a transaction agree that their conditions are met.
5. Strictly control product quality
If you buy an apple, with blockchain technology, you can know fromThe entire process from production to distribution for fruit farmers. Among them are government regulatory information, professional testing data, enterprise quality inspection data, etc. A smart supply chain will make the food we eat and the products we use every day safer and give us more peace of mind.
6. Property rights protection art
The creator puts his work on the blockchain, and if someone uses his work, he can immediately Know. Corresponding royalties are also automatically paid to the creator.
Blockchain technology not only protects copyright, but also helps creators sell their works to consumers better and more directly, without the need for the assistance of distribution companies.
What is blockchain 3Advantages of blockchain
Decentralized, it does not require the intervention of a third party and enables point-to-point transactions, coordination and collaboration. Because the data is distributed in various nodes through algorithms and has a unique verification mechanism, no one organization or individual can control the global data. Since it is distributed in various nodes, any node stopping work will not affect the entire system. Operation, this decentralized network will greatly improve data security. The data in the system is jointly maintained by various nodes with maintenance functions.
Openness. In addition to the private information of all parties being encrypted, the blockchain data is open to everyone. Anyone can query the blockchain through the public interface. Data and development related applications, so the entire system information is highly transparent.
Where does blockchain come in?
Blockchain is an open, transparent, decentralized and secure technology. This technological revolution is applied to the Internet. For data-sensitive fields such as medical care, public opinion supervision, and ecological testing, it can prevent data from being tampered with and ensure the authenticity of the data.
In short, blockchain is not just a form of virtual currency, its advantages will play an important role in many industries.
『撒』 Big data platform, physical What is the difference between an Internet platform and a cloud platform?
Whether it is the Internet of Things, cloud computing or the big data era, they are the cornerstone of the development of our information age. So what exactly are they? Let’s find out together!
When we enter the Internet age, whether you are listening to a song or browsing a web page, all kinds of data about you already exist, then How to store this big data? And how to flexibly calculate and analyze these data? This is what the big data platform has to do. It provides a medium to manage these data. On the big data platform, developers can run the written programs in the "cloud" or use the software provided in the "cloud". services.
So next, what we are going to talk about is the cloud platform. It is said that enterprises move to the cloud. What exactly is this "cloud"?? In fact, we can think of the cloud as a warehouse with infinite capacity. This is also the product of the continuous development of cloud computing. It provides enterprises with a series of IT solutions such as modeling, development, integration, operation, and management. On the "cloud", resources can be mobilized, stored, etc. to ensure that the entire IT system does not collapse and runs smoothly.
The Internet of Things is an inevitable trend after the development of the Internet matures. The scope of the Internet is still very limited, but the Internet of Things is different. It requires a refrigerator or even a road. A small light bulb on the Internet can be connected through the Internet of Things technology, giving them new intelligent things. It can be said that everything is under the "control" of the Internet of Things.
Big data refers to an application scenario in the context of the mobile Internet and the Internet of Things. The huge amounts of data generated by various applications need to be processed and analyzed to mine valuable Information focuses on the storage, processing and analysis of massive data, discovering value from massive data, and serving production and life.
The Internet of Things connects all items to the Internet through information sensing devices to exchange information, that is, things are related to each other to achieve intelligent identification and management. The development goal of the Internet of Things is to realize the interconnection of all things , Application innovation is the core of the development of the Internet of Things. Smart watches/wristbands, driverless driving, unmanned stores, smart industries, smart cities, etc. are all application scenarios of the Internet of Things. Edge computing based on the extension of the Internet of Things has begun to rise.
Cloud platform is the virtualization, optimized configuration and management of various resources, and provides out-of-the-box application services to users. It is typically divided into three modes: IaaS, PaaS and SaaS. Among them, IaaS and SaaS are developing relatively quickly, and the IaaS track has been locked by leading players. At present, the development of PaaS is also developing rapidly. The popularization of the concept of middle platform is promoting the development of PaaS. The development of SaaS based on PaaS, or SaaS with high scalability PaaS are all typical forms.
The cloud platform is closely related to the Internet of Things and big data. The Internet of Things provides a starting point and channel for massive data collection and basic processing. The cloud platform provides a virtual basic environment, operating environment, development environment, and application platform. Big data provides data processing models, calculations, processing, analysis, and more advanced trend analysis, intelligent early warning, etc. my country's Industry 2025 and Industrial Internet development have strong demand for these three areas, and the prospects are bright.
Datangchanglian focuses on the fields of enterprise IT architecture, SOA comprehensive integration, and data governance analysis. Thank you for your reading and attention.
In the era of informationization and Internet +, they belong to different fields of technology research and development.
NumberAccording to the field of processing, analysis and decision-making, it is said that the development is from local isolated data to big data; in the field of communication network links, it is said that the development is from the Internet to the Internet of Things; in the field of application software technology services, it is said that the development is from terminal applications to cloud-intensive distributed applications. Obviously, the development of digital information technology will eventually reach the same goal through different paths.
The Internet of Things, big data, cloud application services, artificial intelligence, and blockchain are closely related. The Internet of Things generates big data, and the processing and analysis of big data requires intensive multi-process distribution. Application services; comprehensive decision-making based on big data requires the assistance of artificial intelligence; the authenticity and security of data require blockchain guarantees.
With the digital transformation of the industry, all industries will be upgraded to digital industries; and then all digital smart industries will be intensively optimized to optimize the ecological closed loop, then all heterogeneous platforms will be intensively integrated into the "Internet of Things Big Data Cloud Service" platform , to achieve great unification.
In the Internet of Things system, the link is Smart China, Smart Government, and Smart City; the node is the cloud platform, distributed application services, distributed storage, and distributed accounting; the end is the end that connects all things ( Mobile, fixed) terminals. The target terminals can access program and node services through authorized links.
First of all, they belong to three different industries, but they all belong to the large platform level. Independent of each other, but integrated with each other;
Secondly, simply understand that big data is based on content, refining data for current or future services; the Internet of Things is based on things, and the interconnection of all things is the core; the cloud is based on Storage/centralized services are the main focus, and democratic centralism is a feature.
But these three are related to each other. The Internet of Things can generate big data, which requires the use of cloud platforms; at the same time, big data also supports the application of the Internet of Things and cloud platforms.
Finally, when these three develop to a certain degree of balance, artificial intelligence can truly be realized.
The Internet of Everything feels huge and distant. But in fact, it is not far away from you: there are a lot of shared bicycles on the streets, more and more smart wearables and smart homes... When the Internet of Things is applied to all aspects of life, including mobile medical care, industrial Internet of Things, smart retail, and environmental monitoring , asset tracking, etc., it will greatly facilitate our lives and improve work efficiency
『8』 What is the relationship between blockchain and cloud computing and cloud storage? What is blockchain? Is it cloud computing or cloud storage?
Cloud computing storage can be used as the lower layer of the blockchain. Cloud computing or cloud storage is infrastructure, which can be understood as a new generation of computers (or hard drives), while blockchain can be seen as a business-oriented accounting system (or a trusted database).
『玖』 Popular explanation of what blockchain is
Question 1: What is blockchain? Can you explain the principle of 10-point blockchain in plain language: Decentralized distributed accounting system
The core of blockchain technology is allThe currently participating nodes jointly maintain transactions and databases, which makes transactions based on cryptographic principles rather than trust, so that any two parties that reach an agreement can directly conduct payment transactions without the participation of a third party.
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Technically speaking, a block is a data structure that records transactions, reflecting the flow of funds for a transaction. The blocks of transactions that have been reached in the system are connected together to form a main chain, and all nodes participating in the calculation record the main chain or part of the main chain. A block contains the following three parts: transaction information, hash hash formed by the previous block, and random number. Transaction information is the task data carried by the block, specifically including the private keys of both parties to the transaction, the number of transactions, the digital signature of electronic currency, etc.; the hash formed by the previous block is used to connect the blocks to realize the past The order of transactions; random numbers are the core of transaction completion. All miner nodes compete to calculate the answer to the random number. The node that gets the answer the fastest generates a new block and broadcasts it to all nodes for update, thus completing a transaction.
1.1 What is Blockchain
Blockchain (BlockChain) refers to a technical solution that collectively maintains a reliable database through decentralization and trustlessness. This technical solution mainly allows any number of nodes participating in the system to associate and generate a series of data blocks (blocks) using cryptographic methods. Each data block contains all the information exchange data of the system within a certain period of time, and generates The data fingerprint is used to verify the validity of its information and chain to the next database block.
?
In layman’s terms, blockchain technology refers to a way for all people to participate in accounting. Behind all systems there is a database, which is a big ledger. Then who will keep this ledger becomes very important. At present, it is whoever owns the system who keeps the accounts. Each bank’s account books are kept by each bank, and Alipay’s account books are kept by Alibaba. But now in the blockchain system, everyone in the system has the opportunity to participate in accounting. If there are new transaction data changes within a certain period of time, everyone in the system can do accounting. The system will judge the person who has the fastest and best accounting during this period, write the recorded content to the ledger, and Send the contents of the ledger during this period to all other people in the system for backup. In this way, everyone in the system has a complete ledger. Therefore, this data becomes very safe. A tamperer needs to modify more than half of the system node data at the same time to truly tamper with the data. Such tampering would be extremely costly, making it nearly impossible. For example, Bitcoin has been running for more than 7 years. Countless hackers around the world have tried to attack Bitcoin, but so far there have been no transaction errors. It can be considered that the Bitcoin blockchain has been proven to be a safe and reliable system.
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1.2 Why is there blockchain innovation?
Human beings need to communicate during their activities, and communication is based onInformation-based. In the past, information circulation was not convenient enough to meet the information needs of market participants, so intermediaries and centers were born. This centralized system has problems such as high cost, low efficiency, value dispersion, "information islands" and insecure data storage. However, due to technical and environmental factors, this system continued to operate for many years until the emergence of the Internet. The starting point of the first generation of the Internet is the TCP/IP protocol, which is an open code that implements a unified format for peer-to-peer transmission of information by all nodes on the network, and brings the basic values of freedom and equality required by a global unified market into programmed, protocol-based, and reliably Execution. The Internet eliminates low-value, high-cost intermediate chains and achieves low-cost and high-efficiency global information transmission in a decentralized manner.
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However, the first generation of the Internet did not solve the problem of information credibility. Activities that can be decentralized on the Internet must be activities that do not require credit endorsement, and activities that require credit guarantee must be activities involving centralized third-party intermediaries. Therefore, Internet technology that cannot establish global credit has encountered great obstacles in its progress - people cannot participate in any value exchange activities on the Internet in a decentralized manner. To realize value exchange, people still need third-party intermediaries based on credit (such as banks, clearing agencies, exchanges). The global centralized credit system still has problems such as high operating costs, low efficiency, and vulnerability to attacks and damage. For example, each country's legal currency has different credit values and incompatible clearing systems, which adds a lot of cost to global trade.
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Therefore, what the second generation Internet must break through is: how to establish global credit in a decentralized manner? Let...>>
Question 2: What is blockchain? What does it mean in layman’s terms? What is China’s attitude towards blockchain? What can blockchain do? Blockchain, a great technology that accompanied the birth of Bitcoin, is currently being used in the financial field to significantly reduce transaction costs and improve efficiency, which is enough to excite Wall Street. However, this is just the tip of the iceberg. Its potential applications are very broad and will subvert every aspect of our lives in the future.
Blockchain is an important concept of Bitcoin. It is essentially a decentralized database and serves as the underlying technology of Bitcoin. One of the most basic characteristics of Bitcoin is decentralization. In recent months, financial giants have gradually begun to pay attention to Bitcoin's technology and used it in non-monetary fields, such as stock trading, election voting, etc. (1) Art Industry
Artists can use blockchain technology to declare ownership and issue numberable, 100% edition works in digital form for any type of artwork. It even includes a marketplace where artists can buy and sell through their website without the need for any intermediary services.
(2), roomReal estate industry
Use blockchain technology to solve various problems faced by everyone involved in real estate, including the naming process, land registration, agency intermediaries, etc.
(3) Insurance industry
Financial industry They have always been the most sensitive to advanced technology. Traditional banking and securities industry giants have been involved in the booming blockchain venture capital investment since 2014, with total global investment reaching US$1 billion within two years.
(4) P2P wallet
Personal assets can be traded through this P2P wallet in the future without going through any central institution, such as Bitcoin.
Most blockchains are in their infancy, mainly overseas. There are very few good domestic blockchain projects, so it is not recommended for any non-professionals to invest in blockchain projects. If you are very interested in blockchain technology and have a technical or financial background, it is recommended that you consider starting a business in this area. In terms of the blockchain protocol system, the lowest layer is the underlying technology of the blockchain, including the technical protocols of the blockchain, as well as some platform routing and basic algorithms; in the middle layer, some application interfaces and some credentials must be solved Issuance and verification, including some industry platform services, big data analysis, etc. This is a very rough classification, and there should be more detailed classifications; the top ones are some applications of blockchain, including finance Some applications and some applications in other aspects, the Internet of Things and so on.
Introduction to Bubi Blockchain
Bubi Blockchain has been focusing on the research and development and innovation of blockchain technology and products since its establishment. It has a number of core technologies and has achieved substantial results in many aspects. Radical innovation has resulted in a number of core technological achievements, such as: mathematically provable distributed consensus technology, fast large-scale ledger access technology, multi-chain general ledger technology that supports business expansion, and interconnection technology between heterogeneous blockchains. wait. On April 25, "Gege Points" introduced the concept of blockchain into the points system, jointly opened it up with multiple parties, issued and redeemed points, and promoted the circulation of points. Each cooperative institution can jointly participate in transaction verification, ledger storage, and real-time settlement; the third-party payment platform of the enterprise points issuer makes the entry and exit of points more flexible. Bubi has developed its own basic blockchain service platform, which has been applied in equity, supply chain, points, credit and other fields. Bubi has been committed to building an open value circulation network with decentralized trust as the core, allowing digital assets to flow freely.
A simple understanding of blockchain is a technology at the bottom of Bitcoin, which is also a peer-to-peer electronic cash system that can realize peer-to-peer value delivery. We should distinguish between Bitcoin, Bitcoin blockchain, blockchain and blockchain. Blockchain technology and other concepts. In countries with relatively developed finance in the past, finance and blockchain technology have a long history, and the legislation of digital currencies and blockchain networks is also very important. With the advent of the financial era, large financial institutions are studying blockchain technology, and they have their own teams and concepts.Thinking about technology, banks in various regions are gradually participating in digital currency discussions to apply and support this technology. Not only that, the impact of blockchain on enterprises is also huge. For larger domestic enterprises, Bubi Blockchain is also applied In various fields such as equity, supply chain, points, etc., major domestic financial institutions and enterprises have taken a fancy to the value of new industries and developed their own blockchain platforms. Blockchain has instantly become a new innovative industry in China. In terms of overseas internationalization, the United States has already obtained 15 blockchain patents at the end of last year compared to China. Blockchain financial applications are entering a new stage in an all-round way. Various applications will become more and more in-depth, and related changes will also become more and more profound. It has attracted more and more attention and will form a huge new trend... >>
Question 3: What is blockchain technology? What exactly is blockchain? What is blockchain? 1. Data blockchain is an important concept in the Bitcoin financial system. It records transaction record data on the entire Bitcoin network, and these data are shared by all Bitcoin nodes. Through the data block, we can query each transaction record. A look at the history of Bitcoin transactions. 2. Example: There are three persons A, B, and C. All funds of A and B are kept by C. And every financial transaction must be recorded by C. Now assume that A and B each have 1 million in custody of C. Then: A spends 80,000 yuan to B, then C's account book record will subtract 80,000 yuan from A's name, and add 80,000 yuan to B's name. If B transfers 50,000 yuan to A, C will add 50,000 yuan to A's name and subtract 50,000 yuan to B's name in the account book. A spends 50,000 yuan to B, then C's account book record will subtract 50,000 yuan from A's name, and add 50,000 yuan to B's name. 3. The role of the data blockchain is similar to that of C’s account record book. It records the user’s ownership of Bitcoin and the records of all users’ Bitcoin transactions. It’s just that this “account record book” is recorded by the mining software of every Bitcoin miner on the network. If a Bitcoin transaction is confirmed by the data blockchain, the relevant information will be recorded in the data blockchain. Bitcoin’s “account record book” is called the data blockchain. All data blockchains on the network form Bitcoin’s distributed network database system. 4. The essence of data blockchain technology is a decentralized and distributed structure of data storage, transmission and certification methods. It uses data blocks to replace the current Internet's dependence on central servers, so that all data changes or transaction items are recorded. On a cloud system, the self-certification of data during data transmission is theoretically realized. In a far-reaching sense, this transcends the traditional and conventional information verification paradigm that relies on a center and reduces the cost of establishing global "credit." This point-to-point verification will produce a "basic protocol", which is a new form of distributed artificial intelligence and will establish a new interface and shared interface between human brain intelligence and machine intelligence.
Question 4: What is blockchain: This is a more reasonable explanation of blockchainEasy to understand Blockchain refers to a technical solution that collectively maintains a reliable database through decentralization and trustlessness.
In layman’s terms, blockchain technology refers to a way for all people to participate in accounting. There is a database behind all systems. You can think of the database as a big ledger. Then who will keep this ledger becomes very important. Currently, whoever owns the system keeps the accounts. Tencent keeps the accounts of WeChat, and Alibaba keeps the accounts of Taobao. But now in the blockchain system, everyone in the system has the opportunity to participate in accounting. If there are any data changes within a certain period of time, everyone in the system can do accounting. The system will judge the person who has the fastest and best accounting during this period, write his recorded content into the ledger, and record this Within a period of time, the contents of the ledger are sent to all other people in the system for backup. In this way, everyone in the system has a complete ledger. In this way, we call it blockchain technology.
Blockchain technology has become the darling of the financial community in China and has become a hot topic. Domestic Puyin Group has launched Puyin, a tea-based digital currency.
Question 5: Explain in an easy-to-understand manner what blockchain is. Blockchain can be understood as a database system in a sense. The development of blockchain can be divided into 1.0 and 2.0
1.0 is represented by Bitcoin, and its main application is virtual currency or digital currency application. The blockchain at this time can only be used for simple digital currency transactions.
2.0 is represented by the now popular ethereum (Ethereum) and the upcoming hyperledger. The blockchain at this stage can not only meet the corresponding digital currency transactions, but also use smart contracts to customize currency or asset transactions. If we use the database analogy, the emergence of smart contracts can be understood as allowing users to define functions or stored procedures in the database and call and execute them.
Different from traditional databases, the blockchain introduces consensus mechanism, incentive mechanism, p2p (network), hash and other specific elements, making it open, decentralized and non-tamperable. characteristic.
Question 6: What is blockchain? Can anyone explain it in simple terms? Blockchain is the underlying technology of Bitcoin. It is like a ledger that records all transactions. It is decentralized. What is decentralization? For example, when you buy something on Taobao, you place an order and pay in Alipay. Alipay will not transfer the money to the seller until you receive the goods. Alipay is the third party in that center. Without it, it means decentralization, just like buying things offline. If you pay with one hand and get the goods with the other hand, there is no third party.
The blockchain itself is a series of cryptographic correlations, and the data generatedpiece.
Look carefully to see if it looks like a ledger. The pieces one by one are blocks, and connected together they are the blockchain.
Many companies are developing this technology, including ours, and its prospects are incredible. For details, you can go to our official website and hope to adopt it, thank you
Question 7: What is blockchain technology? What is blockchain? How to explain the concept of blockchain? People in each industry have different understandings, and relevant explanations are gradually emerging due to more and more real-life applications. With the popularization of this blockchain technology, the related results are getting bigger and bigger. If we want to understand this technology, we must have an in-depth understanding of reality.
In the past six months, the concept of blockchain has gradually become popular in China, and a blockchain whirlwind has taken off in the financial circle. Blockchain has attracted the attention and favor of more and more people in the industry due to its unique technical advantages. Blockchain technology, which is decentralized (or multi-centered), highly transparent, cannot be tampered with, and has no single point of failure, is entering the field of vision of financial institutions and enterprises. It has at least been used in digital currency, payment exchange, registration and settlement, Digital assets, traceability and anti-counterfeiting, supply chain, Internet of Things and many other fields have moved from theoretical discussions to practical applications.
"Blockchain" was first introduced with "Bitcoin" released in early 2009. Blockchain has become the basic protocol and technical application for the launch, recording, and circulation of Bitcoin. Although Bitcoin has been controversial since its inception and cannot even be regarded as a "currency" by governments and monetary authorities, the blockchain technology used in Bitcoin has been recognized by governments, including governments and monetary authorities. extensive attention.
Why has blockchain become a rapidly heating up hot technology and topic?
The most important of these may be that the launch of Bitcoin based on blockchain technology has opened up a new relationship with traditional society ( The exploration and attempt of brand-new technologies and rule systems such as Internet user identity verification, wealth confirmation, transaction records, notarization and verification, which have little connection with offline) and are fully applied in the online world (online), provide people with the opportunity to adapt to the Internet society. Development provides alternative paths and unlimited imagination.
Judging from its application in Bitcoin, blockchain is a set of new network blocks (BLOCK, also called communities) formed by combining encryption technology with the Internet. Bitcoin configuration, netizen identity verification, and Bitcoin (value) confirmation formed by mining, Bitcoin transaction records, and extended encryption of Bitcoin cross-block flow (value transfer) (added block and transaction time identification, etc. Internet protocol rules and accounting (Ledger) system including block chain, full encryption, mutual authentication, etc., including factor) registration and verification. Precisely because Bitcoin is not a substitute for offline legal currency, but is issued and managed by non-legal currency authorities, it mainly imitates the model of gold and is completely coordinated by the Internet infrastructure.A new, decentralized online currency (virtual currency) protected and supported by consensus and strict encryption technology, thus forming a new set of currency rules and systems that are different from and not subject to real social laws, and can Buy, sell or exchange fiat currency. It has been more than 8 years since Bitcoin was launched. There has been no record of funds or user information being stolen. Its security has been verified, and its efficiency and cost of fund settlement also have obvious advantages. This has made people's confidence in the blockchain technology used in Bitcoin continue to increase, and people have become more and more aware that although blockchain is a technology and protocol pioneered and applied by Bitcoin, the blockchain Chain is not the same as Bitcoin, and its application is by no means limited to Bitcoin. The application of blockchain can be decentralized or centralized; it can be a public chain model or a private chain model. Therefore, after Bitcoin, blockchain technology is also constantly developing and innovating, and constantly exploring new application fields, especially in the financial field.
The reason why blockchain is valued highly by more and more people is because the development and widespread application of the Internet have caused more and more economic exchanges and transaction activities to be conducted online, and the online world (or online world) society) is rapidly expanding, enriching and active, and online transactions must solve the efficiency and security protection issues of the parties' identity verification, value verification, transaction records, inspection and verification, etc., and require strict intermediaries and agreements (rules or constitutions). In this regard, traditional thinking and customary practices are to follow the development trajectory of the transfer of offline transactions to online and push the common rules and practices of the real (offline) society to the online (network) society. However, in practice, it is increasingly It is difficult to adapt to the needs of online transactions.
For example, for the identity verification of the parties, the natural choice is to use the information on the identity documents protected by the laws of various countries as the basis, and then add account or transaction passwords, as well as facial recognition, iris, fingerprints and other biometrics to conduct online transactions. Verification, but this method first makes the citizen identity information in the cross-border interconnected online world subject to the administrative jurisdiction of real society... >>
Question 8: Easy to understand Explain clearly what is blockchain. The English name of blockchain is Blockchain. Block literally means block, block, and chain means chain, chain. Therefore, together they are translated into blockchain.
1. Use cryptography technology to encrypt and decrypt so that records cannot be tampered with. Common blockchain encryption methods include hash algorithm, RSA algorithm, elliptic curve algorithm, etc.;
2. The huge amount of calculation needs to be supported by a reasonable reward mechanism. Because every transaction must be recorded, Bitcoin’s blockchain has more than 60 gigabytes so far. Every new transaction requires confirmation of the information related to the trading account to ensure that the transaction is valid. The huge amount of calculation requires a computer with powerful computing power.Finish.
In order to encourage the participation of powerful computing power, Bitcoin provides two rewards: one is to issue a certain number of Bitcoins to these computers every day; instead, all transfer fees are awarded to these computers. (The technical term for these computers is "mining machines", and the people who hold the mining machines are called "miners".)
Biying China is working hard on the digitization of assets and has launched the digital currency crowdfunding platform Biying China.
Question 9: What is the so-called "blockchain"? Blockchain itself is a tool called decentralization and trustlessness. For example, when you graduate from university, the current practice is to have a certificate recognized and issued by an authoritative agency as your certificate. This setting is more troublesome, because this is a piece of paper, and paper can be forged, so there will be various gaps. The issuing authority is also a person, and there will be various gaps in the middle. As long as it is related to people, whoever There are various possibilities related to media. The blockchain provides a great opportunity. As soon as you graduate, you will have a record on the blockchain. No one can change this record. This thing exists objectively. You, as a physical existence , and then as a data existence, the blockchain was born. In this case, anyone who wants to check where you graduated can easily solve the problem. This is similar to the big data often involved in social networking (WeChat) and payment platforms (Alipay, Yibao).
Question 10: What does blockchain mean? Regarding blockchain, I think you have already seen the concept on the Internet. Let me explain it based on my understanding!
First, let’s talk about its characteristics: 1. Openness and transparency 2. Decentralization 3. Anonymity 4. Information cannot be tampered with, eliminated 5. No trust cost
Blockchain is like a public ledger , everyone has the right to record and read, and everyone will jointly supervise to ensure its accuracy, and the recorded content will be permanently saved, and can only be added but not deleted! However, as the number of blocks continues to increase, costs will increase and efficiency will decrease. (I’m not sure whether technology can be used to make up for this. I hope someone who understands technology can point it out.)
Blockchain is divided into public chain, private chain, and alliance chain. Public chain: accessible to everyone, everyone has read and write permissions, completely open, transparent and decentralized. Private chain: Open to individuals or institutions, in which the owner of the private chain can set various permissions to make it partially centralized. Alliance chain: Open to specific organizations or groups, it is also "partially decentralized". According to the ledger at the beginning, members can view and transact, but cannot record and confirm bills, or require permission from the alliance. (The latter two do not have cost and efficiency issues)
Regarding blockchain, countries have begun to recruit talents in this area. For this, you can search online for "Central Bank Recruiting Digital Currency R&D Personnel". In addition, you can learn more about blockchain throughTo increase understanding of its existing applications, we usually refer to public chains. Currently used in foreign countries are Bitcoin, Ethereum and other domestic Xiaoyi blockchains
1. Open and transparent :Every piece of data is verified by everyone and can be viewed by everyone at any time.
2. Decentralization: For example, when we shop on Taobao, we conduct transactions through the intermediary Taobao, and blockchain allows both supply and demand parties to directly contact each other for direct transactions through blockchain technology.
3. Anonymity: No personal privacy information is required to complete transactions on the blockchain, only your unique alphanumeric signature is required.
4. Information cannot be tampered with or deleted: Once the data has been verified and recorded, no one has the authority to modify it, let alone delete it!
5. No trust cost: The trust crisis in reality will not appear in the blockchain. Transactions in the blockchain do not require you to trust the other party. Only when both of you have enough "digital assets" to trade can it be carried out, and Under the supervision of the entire network, transactions will not be broken. If you have no idea about the cost of trust, just think about how many intermediaries there are in your city, or just think about Jack Ma, and you will know how big the cost of trust is.
I am still learning more about blockchain. I am Li Ailin. If you have any questions, you can discuss and learn together!
『Shi』 Is the enterprise-level blockchain cloud service platform BaaS?
BaaS is the same as IaaS, PaaS and other concepts, and tends to be within the scope of public cloud, while enterprises Services should consider more customized needs. Based on years of practical experience from enterprise users, ChainNova is building solutions from both public cloud and hybrid cloud (i.e., enterprise cloud services). Currently, well-known domestic and foreign cloud service providers such as AWS are preparing to launch systematic service solutions, hoping to bring more flexible, complete, and powerful technical capabilities to customers. The purpose of establishing such a blockchain technology capability platform and the smart chain ChainNova is of course to better help customers solve problems. In the financial field, ChainNova is cooperating with industry leaders such as IBM to jointly create end-to-end industry solutions with the help of both parties' rich experience in financial industry scenarios.
