区块链电子政务的应用领域,区块链电子政务的应用领域包括

随着科技的发展，区块链电子政务的应用领域也在不断扩大，主要涵盖财政税收、公共服务、政府采购、公共安全等领域。下面，我们来看看区块链电子政务的应用领域拓展的三个关键词：

一、财政税收

财政税收是指政府收取社会财富的一种方式，是政府实现财政目标的重要手段。区块链技术可以极大地提高财政税收的效率，其原理是通过区块链技术实现财政税收的数据记录和存储，从而提高财政税收的安全性和可信度，有效改善现有财政税收体系的低效率，从而提高财政税收的效率。

二、公共服务

公共服务是指政府为公众提供的一种服务，其目的是为了满足公众的需求，提高公众的生活水平。区块链技术可以有效改善公共服务体系，其原理是通过区块链技术实现公共服务数据的记录和存储，有效降低公共服务的成本，使公共服务更加安全、可靠，以满足公众的需求，提高公众的生活水平。

三、政府采购

政府采购是指政府购买各类产品和服务的过程，是政府实现公共政策的重要手段。区块链技术可以有效改善政府采购体系，其原理是通过区块链技术实现政府采购数据的记录和存储，有效降低政府采购的成本，使政府采购更加安全、可靠，从而更好地实现政府公共政策的目的。

以上就是区块链电子政务的应用领域拓展的三个关键词，财政税收、公共服务、政府采购，它们都可以通过区块链技术改善，从而提高财政税收、公共服务、政府采购的效率，有效满足公众的需求，提高公众的生活水平。

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1. Application aspects of blockchain

The main application scope of blockchain includes: digital currency, transaction settlement of financial assets, digital government affairs, and certificate deposit and anti-counterfeiting data services and other fields. Blockchain is a database technology that links data blocks in an orderly manner. Each block is responsible for recording a file data and encrypting it to ensure that the data cannot be modified or forged.

Blockchain is essentially a distributed database system that uses cryptography technology for multi-party participation, joint maintenance, and continuous growth. It is also called a distributed shared ledger. Each page in the shared ledger is a block, and each block is filled with transaction records. The anonymity, decentralization, openness, transparency, and non-tamperability of blockchain technology make it highly favored by enterprises and has gained More extensive application attempts.

Blockchain application scope 1. Financial field

Blockchain can provide a trust mechanism and has the potential to change the financial infrastructure. Various financial assets such as equity, bonds, bills, warehouse receipts, fund shares, etc. It can be integrated into the blockchain technology system and become a digital asset on the chain, which can be stored, transferred and traded on the blockchain.

The decentralization of blockchain technology can reduce transaction costs and make financial transactions more convenient, intuitive and secure. The combination of blockchain technology and the financial industry will inevitably create more and more business models, service scenarios, business processes and financial products, thereby bringing more impact to the development of financial markets, financial institutions, financial services and financial formats. . With the improvement of blockchain technology and the combination of blockchain technology with other financial technologies, blockchain technology will gradually adapt to the application of large-scale financial scenarios.

2. Public service field

Traditional public services rely on limited data dimensions, and the information obtained may not be comprehensive enough and have a certain lag. The non-tamperable nature of the blockchain makes the digital certification on the chain highly credible. It can be used to establish new authentication mechanisms in the fields of property rights, notarization and public welfare, and improve the management level of public services.

Relevant information in the public welfare process, such as donation projects, fundraising details, fund flows, recipient feedback, etc., can be stored on the blockchain to meet the privacy protection of project participants and other relevant laws and regulations. Under the premise of requirements, public disclosure will be made conditionally to facilitate public and social supervision.

3. Information security field

Using the traceability and non-tampering characteristics of blockchain, we can ensure the authenticity of data sources and ensure the non-forgery of data. Blockchain technology will fundamentally change information Security issues of the propagation path.

Blockchain is reflected in the following three points in the field of information security:

User identity authentication protects data integrity and effectively prevents DDoS attacks

The distributed storage architecture of blockchain will make Hackers are at a loss as to what to do. Some companies have begun to develop a distributed Internet domain name system based on blockchain to eliminate the root cause of the current DNS registration shortcomings and make the network system cleaner and more transparent.

4. Internet of Things field

Blockchain + Internet of Things,Each device on the Internet of Things can be operated independently, and the information generated by the entire network can be guaranteed through smart contracts on the blockchain.

Security: Traditional IoT devices are highly vulnerable to attacks, data loss and maintenance costs are high. Typical information security risk issues for IoT devices include low firmware versions, lack of security patches, permission loopholes, too many device network ports, and unencrypted information transmission. The blockchain's consensus mechanism for network-wide node verification, asymmetric encryption technology and distributed data storage will significantly reduce the risk of hacker attacks.

Trustability: The traditional Internet of Things is managed and controlled by a centralized cloud server. Due to the security of the device and the opacity of the centralized server, it is difficult to effectively protect user privacy data. The blockchain is a distributed account book. Each block is interconnected and has its own independent working ability, ensuring that the information on the chain will not be tampered with at will. Distributed ledgers can therefore provide trust, ownership records, transparency and communication support for the Internet of Things.

Effectiveness: Limited by cloud services and maintenance costs, the Internet of Things is difficult to achieve large-scale commercial use. The traditional Internet of Things realizes communication between things through centralized cloud servers. The disadvantage of this model is that as the number of access devices increases, the server faces more load, requiring enterprises to invest a lot of money to maintain the normal operation of the IoT system.

Blockchain technology can directly realize point-to-point transactions, omitting the labor expenditure of other intermediaries or personnel, which can effectively reduce the costs incurred by third-party services and maximize benefits.

5. Supply chain field

The supply chain consists of many participating entities, with a large amount of interaction and collaboration. Information is discretely stored in their own systems, lacking transparency. The lack of smooth information makes it difficult for various participating entities to accurately understand the real-time status and existing problems of related matters, affecting the collaborative efficiency of the supply chain. When disputes arise between parties, it is time-consuming and laborious to provide evidence and pursue accountability.

Blockchain can make data open and transparent among various entities, thereby forming a complete, smooth, and non-tamperable information flow throughout the entire supply chain. This can ensure that all entities promptly discover problems arising during the operation of the supply chain system and find targeted solutions, thus improving the overall efficiency of supply chain management.

6. Automotive Industry

Last year announced a partnership using blockchain to build a proof of concept to streamline the car rental process and build it into a “click, sign up, and drive” process. Future customers choose what they want The rented car enters the public ledger of the blockchain; then, sitting in the driver's seat, the customer signs the rental agreement and insurance policy, and the blockchain updates the information simultaneously. This is not an imagination, for car sales and car registration Said, this type of process may also develop into reality.

7. Stock Trading

For many years, many companies have worked to make the process of buying, selling, and trading stocks easy. Emerging Blockchain Chain startups believe that blockchain technology can make this process more secure and automated than ever beforeSolution At the same time, blockchain startup Chain is cooperating with Nasdaq to realize the equity transfer of private companies through blockchain

8. Government Management

Government information, project bidding and other information are open and transparent. Government work is usually subject to public attention and supervision. Since blockchain technology can ensure the transparency and immutability of information, it plays a great role in the implementation of transparent government management. There is a certain degree of information opacity in government project bidding, and companies also have the risk of information leakage during the sealed bidding process. Blockchain can ensure that bidding information cannot be tampered with, and can ensure the transparency of information, forming a shared trust among competitors who do not trust each other. And it can arrange subsequent smart contracts through the blockchain to ensure the construction progress of the project and prevent the growth of corruption to a certain extent.

There are many more applications of blockchain technology, and this is just a fulcrum of blockchain applications. In the future, blockchain technology will be applied everywhere

2. Dr. Wei Jianping: What can blockchain technology bring to urban management

September 18 Dr. Wei Jianping, senior vice president of Times Lingyu, was invited to attend the "2020 Yunqi Conference·Ant Chain Industry Application New Model" roundtable dialogue to share the application of blockchain technology in urban management with leaders from various industries such as Ant Group and eShanbao. He talked about the role played by Zhongneng and the convenience it brought to the people, and how to use digital technology to drive application innovation and industry progress.

Dr. Wei Jianping said that making urban life better through the innovative application of information technology is the corporate mission that Times Lingyu Company has always adhered to, and the company is constantly exploring innovative applications of blockchain technology in the field of urban management. Urban management involves many fields, and it also provides a wealth of application scenarios for the application of blockchain technology.

When discussing the prospects of blockchain technology for future industrial upgrading and industry applications, Dr. Wei Jianping pointed out that the application of blockchain technology has broad prospects in e-government fields such as urban management.

First of all, the concept and technology of blockchain can break down line divisions and data silos, promote further optimization of business processes, provide governments at all levels with new technical tools, collaborative platforms and infrastructure, and promote Cross-level, cross-department, and cross-region data sharing; secondly, it helps to establish a data trust mechanism to ensure that trusted data is authentic, non-tamperable and traceable; finally, it can solve the problem of status information, certificates and licenses of various subjects in the government field. Frequent changes in data, etc., make it difficult for relevant parties to obtain and verify information in a timely manner, promote the process of government information disclosure, and comprehensively improve the overall level of government services.

Dr. Wei Jianping emphasized that to completely change the current decentralized construction model of my country's government service system and achieve the goals of data sharing and collaborative application in large-scale government affairs, further integration is needed, including district offices. The new generation of information technology, including search link technology, achieves innovation and breakthroughs in technical systems and application practices.

3. What are the applications of blockchain in the field of digital government?

Public service field
Blockchain is closely related to people’s production and life in public management, energy, transportation and other fields, but The centralized nature of these fields also brings some problems, which can be transformed with blockchain. The decentralized, fully distributed DNS service provided by the blockchain can realize domain name query and resolution through point-to-point data transmission services between various nodes in the network, and can be used to ensure that the operating system and firmware of an important infrastructure are not Tampered, you can monitor the status and integrity of the software, detect bad tampering, and ensure that the data transmitted by systems using IoT technology has not been tampered with.

Digital copyright field
Through blockchain technology, works can be authenticated, proving the existence of text, video, audio and other works, and ensuring the authenticity and uniqueness of ownership. After the rights of the work are confirmed on the blockchain, subsequent transactions will be recorded in real time, realizing full life cycle management of digital copyright, and can also be used as a technical guarantee in judicial evidence collection. For example, Mine Labs, a startup company in New York, USA, has developed a blockchain-based metadata protocol. This system called Mediachain uses the IPFS file system to realize copyright protection of digital works, mainly for copyright protection applications of digital pictures

4. Multiple types of data are shared on the "chain", online and offline services are coordinated, and blockchain government affairs make things easier

What kind of sparks will "blockchain + government affairs" collide with? ? Mawei Xingang Community in Fuzhou City, Fujian Province uses blockchain technology to solve the pain points of government informatization and launches a "blockchain + community certification" application. "This application can easily realize the electronic issuance of certificates required by enterprises and the masses, promote the transformation from 'reduced certificates' to 'no certificates', let data run instead of people running errands, improve service efficiency, and better serve the people. "Ms. Zhu, a citizen of Fuzhou, said.

Provident funds can be transferred and continued in other places

"Post-90s" Chen Jing joined a new company at the end of last year, and her work location changed from Hangzhou, Zhejiang to Chengdu, Sichuan. If you change your workplace, how can you transfer the previously accumulated housing provident fund to a new account? After consultation, Chen Jing learned that by searching for the "National Housing Provident Fund" applet on her mobile phone, she could realize the transfer to other places. According to the relevant person in charge of the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, the "National Housing Provident Fund" applet will be launched online in October 2021. The Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development has built a credible data environment for the operation of the applet by deepening the application of new technologies such as blockchain to ensure that depositors information and financial security. Thanks to blockchain technology, depositors can realize housing provident fund accounts and transfer funds across cities through mini programs.It is no longer necessary to go to the counter to handle off-site transfer and connection business, which greatly shortens the processing time and further facilitates the cross-regional flow of human resources.

Multiple types of data are shared on the "chain", online and offline services are coordinated, and the use of blockchain technology improves the efficiency of government departments and public satisfaction. For example, Haidian District in Beijing has opened a "Blockchain Zone" on the Haidiantong APP, which can directly handle public rental housing subsidies, Haidian District high-tech talent training subsidy approval, etc... With the application of new technologies such as blockchain, many government affairs The service realizes "one-stop service and full online service".

In addition, Zhuzhou City in Hunan Province has also innovated administrative approval service methods and launched blockchain application scenarios for electronic certificates, effectively improving the level of government data sharing and business collaboration efficiency; Fuzhou City has launched the "Rongcheng on the Chain" plan , exploring the use of blockchain technology in four fields including e-government, financial technology, social governance, and people's livelihood security.

Why does the government field favor blockchain technology? Industry insiders believe that blockchain technology has the characteristics of non-tampering, security, confidentiality and traceability, and is highly suitable for government service needs such as cross-domain data sharing and business collaborative management. Active use of blockchain technology can solve the problem of data sharing in the government service process. to solve problems such as difficulties in business coordination and improve government management services, overall planning and coordination capabilities.

Effectively supporting people’s livelihood services

Related management service platforms based on blockchain in many places in China have been launched frequently: in Jiangsu, the country’s first transfer of idle residential use rights based on blockchain technology The transaction was successfully completed. Relying on the provincial information service platform, the transaction information can be directly uploaded to the "chain" for certificate storage, ensuring that the housing source is credible and the results are traceable; in Zhejiang, the first intellectual property blockchain public certificate storage platform was officially launched, providing data Assets, original designs and other intellectual property rights provide efficient and fast certificate storage services; in Yunnan, the Provincial Market Supervision Administration and the Provincial Key Laboratory of Blockchain Application Technology jointly carry out Yunnan Province’s blockchain underlying chain food traceability work based on domestically produced independent , through blockchain technology, we can promote product source traceability, one-stop code, logistics tracking, responsibility identification and credit evaluation, so that blockchain technology can truly contribute to people's livelihood services.

Hu Kai, a professor at the School of Computer Science at Beihang University, told this reporter that the current blockchain industry applications are mainly divided into four categories: real economy, financial services, social governance and people's livelihood services. The government attaches great importance to guiding blockchain The application of chain in manufacturing, energy, government affairs, education and other fields has been implemented.

Active drive at the policy level has allowed blockchain to continue to advance in industries such as judicial evidence storage and transportation and shipping data sharing. The Supreme People's Court issued the "Opinions of the Supreme People's Court on Strengthening the Judicial Application of Blockchain" in May, proposing that by 2025, the People's Court and all walks of life will be established to interact with each other.Through the shared blockchain alliance, a relatively complete blockchain application standard system in the judicial field has been formed. In June, the Ministry of Transport issued the "Guidelines for the Construction of an Electronic Platform for Imported Dry Bulk Cargo Entry and Port Business Based on Blockchain" in June, proposing to promote the in-depth integration and development of blockchain technology and the transportation industry.

Let data flow safely and orderly

Hu Kai believes that today, with the rapid development of the digital economy, numbers and data are key elements for future social development, but there are still legal issues behind the data. , interoperability, privacy, security, traceability, storage, transactions and many other complex issues. How to make data flow more securely and orderly? Blockchain technology has broad room for development.

Blockchain technology is accelerating breakthrough applications and playing a role in establishing a trustworthy and secure digital economic order and promoting high-quality economic and social development. The China Academy of Information and Communications Technology released the "Blockchain Infrastructure Research Report (2022)" in July this year, proposing that as the scale of blockchain infrastructure construction continues to expand and operating capabilities continue to increase, blockchain can not only be used in encrypted digital Currency and other scenarios can also be applied in manufacturing, service industries and other fields. Typical application scenarios such as digital collections, data circulation, supply chain finance, and product traceability have emerged.

5. In what fields can blockchain be applied?

According to incomplete statistics from Capital Lab, there will be a total of 1,290 global blockchain application cases in 2021. The number of cases is the same as in 2020. Compared with 1304, it is basically the same. These cases cover three major application types: financial applications, government applications and industry applications. Among them, financial applications accounted for 25% and government applications accounted for 12%; except for the financial industry, applications in other industries accounted for 63%. Blockchain technology is accelerating its expansion into the industrial application market.
Take the blockchain unicorn company Qulian Technology as an example. Qulian Technology’s products are widely used in key fields such as finance, people’s livelihood, government affairs, justice, energy, manufacturing and other key fields. With 180+ typical applications, it is the industry leader. The blockchain enterprise with the richest implementation scenarios. In the financial field, Qulian Technology has implemented cases such as accounts receivable, asset securitization, credit insurance, digital warehouse receipts, and comprehensive foreign trade services; in the government affairs field, Qulian Technology has deeply explored the field of government affairs and provided smart government and digital services for government affairs. Identity, electronic certificates, provident fund interconnection, trusted data storage and other infrastructure; in the field of people's livelihood, Qulian Technology uses the characteristics of blockchain technology to build platforms for house rental, pension custody, vaccine traceability, lottery notarization, charity traceability and other platforms; In the judicial field, Qulian Technology empowers the judiciary with blockchain technology, providing solutions such as electronic evidence platforms, blockchain electronic contracts, and prison scoring assessment platforms; in the energy field, Qulian Technology uses blockchain technology to fit the energy needs In response to the value transfer needs of the Internet, platforms such as distributed power trading and new energy charging piles have been developed.
Currently, Qulian Technology has jointly established a number of joint ventures with well-known enterprises such as Haier Group, China Enterprise Cloud Chain, and Shulan Group to deploy blockchain + finance, logistics, and logistics.In the fields of networking, medical care, justice, smart government affairs, smart cities, and life services, we actively build industry ecosystems and help society digitally transform.

6. How does blockchain affect e-government

In recent years, more and more people regard blockchain technology as one of the most promising new technologies in the future. Right now, there is a lot of talk about how cryptocurrencies and blockchain will change the world economy. Although the future of cryptocurrencies is unpredictable, the unshakable status of blockchain may continue to lead the development of the industry in the future. In fact, blockchain has changed not only the world economy, but even the daily lives of ordinary people have been greatly changed by its impact. The emergence of blockchain technology itself is an innovative process. Anyone who understands blockchain technology should know that blockchain is a database that can collaborate on a large scale. It allows many different subjects to collaborate to complete a task without trusting each other. This is the essence of blockchain.

Since this year, there have been numerous cases about blockchain technology supporting the resumption of work and production of small and medium-sized enterprises.

Here we use the combination of China (Fujian) International Trade Single Window and Blockchain to illustrate

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We quote the China (Fujian) International Trade Single Window

The third issue of "Case Analysis Service" for analysis

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7. Why government services are a particularly good application scenario for blockchain

Compared with chain reform in other fields, chain reform in the field of government services is quite different. The ultimate goal of enterprises carrying out chain reform is often to pursue commercial interests, while the government service field tends to optimize processes and save costs. Although these are also key points in enterprise chain reform, different purposes will also produce some differences.
In March this year, SMIC Blockchain Public Service Platform, Changsha’s first blockchain public service platform, had more than 30,000 companies listed on the blockchain. The launch of such a blockchain government affairs platform can, on the one hand, promote the disclosure of government information, efficiently connect enterprises and governments, promote the improvement of government efficiency, and reduce enterprise service processes; on the other hand, the behavior of enterprises on the chain of information on the platform also provides benefits to enterprises. It provides strong support for honest operations and gaining business trust. It also improves energy efficiency for government departments in mobilizing information during their work processes. In addition, government services cover a wide range of areas, and there are more application scenarios for blockchain technology that can be explored. Such as intellectual property protection, judicial appraisal, small, medium and micro loans, etc. also have considerable possibilities.

8. What are the practical applications of blockchain technology

1. Financial field

Blockchain is used in international exchange, letters of credit, and stock rights registration It has potential huge application value in financial fields such as stock exchanges and stock exchanges.

2. Internet of Things and Logistics Fields

Blockchain can also be naturally combined in the Internet of Things and logistics fields.

Through blockchain, logistics costs can be reduced, the production and delivery process of items can be traced, and the efficiency of supply chain management can be improved.

3. Public service fields

Blockchain is closely related to people’s production and life in public management, energy, transportation and other fields, but the centralization of these fields Characteristics also bring some problems, which can be transformed using blockchain.

4. Digital copyright field

Through blockchain technology, works can be authenticated, prove the existence of text, video, audio and other works, and ensure the authenticity and uniqueness of ownership. sex.

5. Insurance field

In terms of insurance claims, insurance institutions are responsible for fund collection, investment, and claims settlement, and often have high management and operating costs. Through the application of smart contracts, there is no need for the policy holder to apply or the insurance company to approve it. As long as the claim settlement conditions are triggered, the insurance policy can automatically settle claims.

6. Public Welfare Field

The data stored on the blockchain is highly reliable and cannot be tampered with, so it is naturally suitable for social welfare scenarios.