区块链核心技术意义是什么,区块链核心技术意义和作用
区块链核心技术是一种分布式的数据库技术，它可以帮助人们安全、有效地记录、存储和管理数据，它是一种不可篡改的数据存储技术，可以让人们安全地进行交易。区块链核心技术的意义和作用，可以拓展为：去中心化、数据安全和智能合约三个关键词。
去中心化是区块链核心技术的一个重要特点。它不需要任何中央服务器或者第三方服务器来存储和管理数据，而是将数据分布式地存储在网络中的每一台计算机上。这意味着，即使某一台计算机出现故障，也不会影响数据的完整性和安全性，这种数据的分布式存储使得数据更加安全可靠。
数据安全是区块链核心技术的另一个重要特点。它采用高度加密的技术，可以有效地防止黑客攻击，保护用户的数据安全。此外，它还采用了分布式的数据存储技术，使得数据的完整性和安全性得到有效保障，即使某一台计算机出现故障，也不会影响数据的完整性和安全性。
智能合约是区块链核心技术的另一个重要特点。智能合约是一种可以自动执行的程序，它可以根据特定的条件来执行某些动作，而无需人为干预。智能合约可以帮助用户实现自动化交易，可以有效提高交易的效率，节省大量的时间和金钱。此外，智能合约还可以帮助用户更好地管理资产，避免资产流失或被盗。
总之，区块链核心技术的意义和作用，可以拓展为：去中心化、数据安全和智能合约三个关键词。它们可以帮助用户实现安全、有效的数据存储和管理，以及自动化交易和资产管理，从而提高经济效率，有效降低成本。
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❶ What is the core technology of blockchain
Introduction to the 7 core technologies of blockchain operation
2018-01-15
1. Blockchain links
As the name suggests, blockchain is a chain composed of blocks. Each block is divided into two parts: block header and block body (including transaction data). The block header includes the hash (PrevHash) value (also called hash value) of the previous block used to implement block linking and the random number (nonce) used to calculate the mining difficulty. The hash value of the previous block is actually the hash value of the header of the previous block, and the rules for calculating random numbers determine which miner can obtain the power to record the block.
2. Consensus Mechanism
Blockchain was born with Bitcoin and is the basic technical architecture of Bitcoin. Blockchain can be understood as a decentralized accounting system based on the Internet. A decentralized digital currency system like Bitcoin requires blockchain to ensure the consistency of accounting by each honest node without a central node. Therefore, the core of blockchain technology is a consensus mechanism that reaches a consensus on the legality of transactions among individuals who have no basis for trust in each other without central control.
There are currently four main categories of blockchain consensus mechanisms: PoW, PoS, DPoS, and distributed consensus algorithms.
3. Unlocking script
Script is an important technology for automatic verification and automatic execution of contracts on the blockchain. Each output of each transaction does not strictly point to an address, but to a script. A script is like a set of rules that govern how the recipient can spend the assets locked on this output.
The legality verification of transactions also relies on scripts. Currently it relies on two types of scripts: locking scripts and unlocking scripts. The locking script is a condition added to the output transaction, implemented through a script language, and is located at the output of the transaction. The unlocking script corresponds to the locking script. Only if the conditions required by the locking script are met, the corresponding assets on this script can be spent, which is located at the input of the transaction. Many flexible conditions can be expressed through scripting languages. The interpretation script is similar to a "virtual machine" in our programming field, which is distributed and runs on every node in the blockchain network.
4. Transaction Rules
Blockchain transactions are the basic units that constitute blocks, and are also the actual effective content that the blockchain is responsible for recording. A blockchain transaction can be a transfer or other transactions such as the deployment of smart contracts.
In the case of Bitcoin, a transaction refers to a payment transfer. The transaction rules are as follows:
1) The input and output of the transaction cannot be empty.
2) For each input of the transaction, if its corresponding UTXO output can be found in the current transaction pool, the transaction will be rejected. Because the current transaction pool is a transaction that has not been recorded in the blockchain, and each input of the transaction should come from a confirmed UTXO. If found in the current trading pool, thenIt's a double-spending transaction.
3) For each input in the transaction, its corresponding output must be UTXO.
4) Each input unlocking script (unlocking
) must work with the corresponding output locking script (locking
) to verify the compliance of the transaction.
5. Transaction priority
The priority of blockchain transactions is determined by the blockchain protocol rules. For Bitcoin, the priority of a transaction being included in a block is determined by the time it takes for the transaction to be broadcast to the network and the size of the transaction. As the time it takes for a transaction to be broadcast to the network increases and the chain age of the transaction increases, the priority of the transaction is increased and will eventually be included in the block. For Ethereum, the priority of a transaction is also related to the transaction fee that the publisher of the transaction is willing to pay. The higher the transaction fee that the publisher is willing to pay, the higher the priority of the transaction being included in the block.
6.Merkle proof
The original application of Merkle proof is the Bitcoin system (Bitcoin), which was described and created by Satoshi
Nakamoto in 2009. The Bitcoin blockchain uses Merkle proofs in order to store transactions in every block. This makes the transaction unable to be tampered with and makes it easy to verify whether the transaction is included in a specific block.
7.RLP
RLP (Recursive
Length
Prefix, recursive length prefix encoding) is a main encoding method for object serialization in Ethereum. Its purpose is to encode any nested A sequence of binary data is encoded.
❷ The significance of blockchain technology and the principles of blockchain technology
To fully understand the principles of blockchain, we must systematically understand it from its birth and development, so as to To more clearly identify the principles of blockchain from multiple angles. Blockchain technology refers to a technical solution that collectively maintains a reliable database in a decentralized manner. This technical solution mainly associates blocks through cryptographic methods. Each data block contains all data information of the system within a certain period of time, and a digital signature is generated to verify the validity of the information and link to the next data block. Form a main chain (Chain).
A block is a record in the blockchain that contains and confirms pending transactions.
Mining refers to the formation of new blocks through calculation. It is a process in which supporters of transactions use their own computer hardware to perform mathematical calculations for the network to confirm transactions and improve security. Take Bitcoin as an example: Transaction supporters (miners) run Bitcoin software on their computers and continuously calculate complex cryptographic problems provided by the software to ensure that transactions proceed. As a reward for their service, miners receive fees included in the transactions they confirm,and newly created Bitcoins.
Peer-to-Peer Network refers to a system that allows a single node to interact directly with other nodes, thereby enabling the entire system to operate like an organized collective. Take Bitcoin for example: the network is built in such a way that every user broadcasts the transactions of other users. And importantly, no bank or other financial institution is required as a third party.
Hash is a classic technology in cryptography, which converts input of any length into a fixed-length output composed of letters and numbers through a hashing algorithm.
Digital Signature is a mathematical mechanism that allows people to prove ownership.
Private Key is a confidential data block that proves you have the right to spend electronic money from a specific wallet. It is implemented through a digital signature.
Double spending refers to users trying to illegally pay electronic money to two different payees at the same time, which is one of the biggest risks of electronic money.
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The origin of blockchain: an underlying technology that supports the operation of Bitcoin
The concept of blockchain was first proposed by Proposed by Satoshi Nakamoto in his paper "Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System" published in the Bitcoin Forum. In the paper, blockchain technology is the basic technology for constructing Bitcoin data structure and encrypted transmission of transaction information. This technology realizes Bitcoin mining and transactions. Satoshi Nakamoto believes: First, the model of using third-party organizations to process information has an inherent weakness of lack of trust between points. In order to be wary of their customers, merchants will ask customers for completely unnecessary information, but they still cannot Avoid certain fraudulent behaviors; secondly, the existence of intermediaries increases transaction costs and limits the minimum feasible transaction size; thirdly, digital signature itself can solve the electronic currency identity problem. If third-party support is needed to prevent double consumption, the system will lose value. Based on the above three existing problems, Satoshi Nakamoto created Bitcoin based on blockchain technology.
On January 3, 2009, Satoshi Nakamoto created the first block in the Bitcoin world, the "Genesis Block" and mined the first batch of 50 Bitcoins.
On May 21, 2010, a Florida programmer used 10,000 Bitcoins to purchase a $25 pizza coupon. With this transaction, the first fair exchange rate for Bitcoin was born.
In July 2010, the first Bitcoin platform was established, new users increased dramatically, and prices soared.
February 2011, BitThe currency price reached 1 US dollar for the first time, and thereafter exchange trading platforms with British Pound, Brazilian Real, and Polish Zloty were opened.
In 2012, Ripple was released as a digital currency that uses blockchain to transfer foreign exchange between countries.
In 2013, Bitcoin skyrocketed. The U.S. Department of the Treasury issued regulations on the personal management of virtual currencies, clarifying the definition of virtual currencies for the first time.
In 2014, the mining machine industry chain represented by China became increasingly mature. In the same year, the U.S. IT community recognized the cross-era innovative significance of blockchain in the digital field.
In 2015, the US Nasdaq Stock Exchange launched Linq, a digital ledger technology based on blockchain, to record transactions and issuance of stocks.
The principles of blockchain can be understood clearly from each application case. The application of blockchain principles is becoming more and more popular. Recently, Citigroup, Mitsubishi UFJ Financial Group of Japan, Switzerland Large global financial institutions such as Union Bank and Deutsche Bank will also apply "blockchain" technology to create a fast, convenient and low-cost transaction operating system. In addition to the financial field, blockchain technology has also begun to be used in fields such as the protection of intellectual property rights, lawyer notarization, and online games that require transparent disclosure and permanent records of information.
❸ What is the significance of blockchain technology services
There are three meanings:
1. Help enterprises solve business pain points more efficiently and deal with complex businesses more calmly and Track market changes faster.
2. The two iconic milestones in the development of blockchain technology, the release of Bitcoin and Ethereum/Fabric projects, have brought its decentralized, secure and tamper-proof attributes into the public eye, enabling the solution of many business problems. From impossible to possible. So why is it an enterprise-level blockchain?
3. In recent years, we have made a detailed technical comparison of the mainstream blockchain technology platforms on the market and found that there are still many problems in the application of these platforms in enterprises. Only enterprise-level blockchain can cope with such massive amounts of data. data, carrying complex business systems. The enterprise-level blockchain cloud service platform Renren is building is precisely to solve these problems and help enterprises achieve out-of-the-box use through one-stop integration, continuous delivery, data visualization and support for multiple bottom layers.
❹ What is the core technology of blockchain?
First of all, we can take a look at the official website explanation of blockchain technology. In a narrow sense, blockchain is a chained data structure that combines data blocks in a sequential manner in chronological order, and is a cryptographically guaranteed distributed ledger that cannot be tampered with or forged.
Broadly speaking, blockchain technology uses block chain data structures to verify and store data, uses distributed node consensus algorithms to generate and update data, and uses cryptography to ensure the security of data transmission and access. Utilize automaticA new distributed infrastructure and computing paradigm that uses smart contracts composed of script codes to program and operate data.
As everyone may know, blockchain technology is an underlying architecture independent of the Bitcoin system. From an architectural model perspective, it is a set of distributed ledgers. The so-called ledger is naturally used to record Account.
In blockchain technology, in order to generate accounting records, there must be transactions and flows of funds. Therefore, the initial blockchain technology has the cryptocurrency corresponding to its main network as a circulating item. , the circulation transaction records of cryptocurrency between various accounts on the blockchain main network will be recorded on the main network.
Different from other transaction record databases, transaction records on the blockchain technology mainnet will be recorded on all block nodes (i.e. all data blocks) in the mainnet. This is The so-called decentralization principle means that in blockchain technology, there is no central database to save all records. Each block on the chain has transaction data for the entire chain, that is, every data block , are all centers.
Another characteristic of blockchain technology is that it cannot be tampered with, because every transaction on the blockchain will be recorded in all blocks on the chain, so no single data block can be changed. Record, even if you change it, the real data will be recorded in all other data blocks, and each set of data can be traced back to when it first appeared.
Because of these characteristics of blockchain technology, after the advent of Bitcoin, blockchain has also received a lot of attention, and many people have begun to want to use blockchain technology to create a centerless and traceable system. , data that does not change to ensure the credibility of the data.
However, blockchain technology also faces many problems, such as a single application scenario, native erroneous data that cannot be modified, and currencies stolen by hackers that cannot be recovered.
❺ What is the core technology of blockchain?
Simply put, blockchain is a distributed database that provides Byzantine fault tolerance and ensures ultimate consistency; from data From a structural point of view, it is a chained data block structure based on time series; from a node topology point of view, all its nodes are redundant backups of each other; from an operational point of view, it provides a cryptography-based public and private key management system to manage account.
Perhaps the above concept is too abstract, let me give you an example so that you can understand it easier.
You can imagine that there are 100 computers distributed around the world. The network between these 100 machines is a wide area network, and the owners of these 100 machines do not trust each other.
So, what kind of algorithm (consensus mechanism) do we use to provide it with a trustworthy environment and make:
The data exchange process between nodes cannot be tampered with, and the generated historical records It cannot be tampered with;
The data of each node will be synchronized to the latest data, and the validity of the latest data will be verified;
Based on the principle of the minority obeying the majority, the data maintained by the overall node can objectively reflect the exchange history.
Blockchain is a technical solution created to solve the above problems.
2. The core technology components of blockchain
Whether it is a public chain or a consortium chain, it requires at least four modules: P2P network protocol, distributed consistency algorithm (consensus mechanism), encryption signature algorithm, Account and storage model.
1. P2P network protocol
P2P network protocol is the lowest module of all blockchains and is responsible for network transmission and broadcast of transaction data, node discovery and maintenance.
Usually what we use is the Bitcoin P2P network protocol module, which follows certain interaction principles. For example: when connecting to other nodes for the first time, you will be required to confirm the status according to the handshake protocol. After the handshake, you will start to request the address data and block data of the Peer node.
This P2P interactive protocol also has its own set of instructions, which are reflected in the command field of the Message Header. These commands provide the upper layer with node discovery, node acquisition, block header acquisition, Block acquisition and other functions, these functions are very low-level and very basic functions. If you want to learn more, you can refer to the Peer Discovery chapter in the Bitcoin Developer Guide.
2. Distributed consensus algorithm
In the field of classic distributed computing, we have non-Byzantine fault-tolerant algorithms represented by the Raft and Paxos algorithm families, as well as the PBFT consensus algorithm with Byzantine fault-tolerant characteristics.
If we look at it from the perspective of technological evolution, we can draw a picture in which blockchain technology has expanded the original distributed algorithm economically.
In the picture, we can see that computer applications were mostly single-point applications at the beginning, and cold disaster recovery was used for high availability and convenience. Later, they developed into multi-active in different places. These multi-active in different places may use load balancing. and routing technology. With the development of distributed system technology, we have transitioned to distributed systems based on Paxos and Raft.
In the field of blockchain, PoW workload proof algorithm, PoS equity proof algorithm, and DPoS proxy equity proof algorithm are mostly used. The above three are the mainstream consensus algorithms in the industry. These algorithms are similar to the classic distributed consensus algorithm. The difference is that they incorporate the concept of economic games. Below I will briefly introduce these three consensus algorithms respectively.
PoW: Usually refers to solving a mathematical problem of specific difficulty under given constraints. Whoever solves it faster can obtain the right to bookkeeping (block production). This solution process is often converted into a calculation problem, so when competing for speed, it becomes who has a better calculation method and whose equipment has better performance.
PoS: This is a proof-of-stake mechanism. Its basic concept is that you generateThe difficulty of the block should be proportional to your equity (ownership ratio) in the network. The core idea of its implementation is: use the currency age (CoinAge) of your locked token and a small proof of work to Calculate a target value. When the target value is met, you will likely obtain accounting rights.
DPoS: A simple understanding is to convert the bookkeepers in the PoS consensus algorithm into a small circle composed of a specified number of nodes, instead of everyone can participate in bookkeeping. This circle may have 21 nodes or 101 nodes, depending on the design. Only nodes in this circle can obtain accounting rights. This will greatly improve the throughput of the system, because fewer nodes means that the network and nodes are controllable.
3. Encrypted signature algorithm
In the field of blockchain, the most commonly used hash algorithm is the hash algorithm. The hash algorithm has the characteristics of collision resistance, irreversibility of the original image, and problem friendliness.
Among them, problem friendliness is the basis for the existence of many PoW currencies. In Bitcoin, the SHA256 algorithm is used as the calculation method for proof of work, which is what we call the mining algorithm.
In Litecoin, we will also see the Scrypt algorithm, which is different from SHA256 in that it requires large memory support. In some other currencies, we can also see mining algorithms based on the SHA3 algorithm. Ethereum uses an improved version of the Dagger-Hashimoto algorithm, named Ethash, which is an IO-intractable algorithm.
Of course, in addition to the mining algorithm, we will also use the RIPEMD160 algorithm, which is mainly used to generate addresses. Most of the numerous Bitcoin derivative codes adopt the Bitcoin address design.
In addition to addresses, we will also use the core and the cornerstone of the blockchain Token system: public and private key cryptographic algorithms.
In the Bitcoin code, ECDSA is basically used. ECDSA is a combination of ECC and DSA. The entire signature process is similar to DSA, except that the algorithm used in the signature is ECC (Elliptic Curve Function).
Technically, we start by generating a private key, then generate a public key from the private key, and finally generate an address from the public key. Each of the above steps is an irreversible process, which means that the public key cannot be derived from the address. , derived from the public key to the private key.
4. Account and transaction model
From the initial definition, we know that blockchain can be considered a distributed database from a technical perspective only. So, what type of database do most blockchains use? What about the database?
When I designed the Metaverse blockchain, I referred to a variety of databases, including NoSQL’s BerkeleyDB and LevelDB, and some currencies use SQL-based SQLite. thisThese underlying storage facilities are mostly lightweight embedded databases. Since they do not involve the ledger characteristics of the blockchain, these storage technologies are no different from those used in other situations.
The ledger characteristics of blockchain are usually divided into UTXO structure and ledger structure based on Accout-Balance structure, which we also call the ledger model. UTXO is the abbreviation of "unspent transaction input/output", which translated means "unspent transaction input/output".
This is an accounting mode for Token transfer in the blockchain. Each transfer appears in the form of input and output; in the Balance structure, there is no such mode.
❻ What are the functions and characteristics of blockchain
Blockchain is starting a revolution in currency. Blockchain should be liquidity with bit characteristics, rather than currency characteristics.
According to the Radcliffe Report, "Only liquidity is the transmission mechanism through which monetary policy affects the economy." People's spending is not limited by the amount of money available, but only by the amount of money people expect they can get. Relevantly, these currencies may be obtained as income, obtained by selling assets, or borrowed. Blockchain marks value through tokens, and all assets can be expressed on the blockchain very simply. The structure and marginal cost of asset exchanges tend to be zero. The Technology Research Department of Maoqiu Technology believes that this is one of the core technologies of the blockchain, and what it brings is an explosion of liquidity in a zero marginal cost scenario.
Only liquidity is the transmission mechanism of blockchain value
The liquidity of currency generally refers to the ability of currency to be liquidated quickly without loss during circulation. As the informatization process intensifies, currency is required to be more simple and fast in transactions. The current liquidity of paper money is far lower than that of electronic money.
In the era of Internet finance, "liquidity" can be completely explained as "the flow of information that transcends the value expressed in the form of banknotes."
We all know that the central bank system cannot survive without controlling the flow of information behind value. Because the essence of the central bank's monetary policy is to control the flow of value information, or simply to deny the "information flow." This is one of the reasons why inflation has increased over the past few years.
The reason why electronic money is gradually becoming more liquid than paper money is that the value of paper money before the prosperity of the Internet is because it can provide higher value than information flow such as gold and silver. Therefore, the essence of electronic currency is direct value exchange, and the form carrier is information exchanged through digital signals through the network. This is completely consistent with the characteristics of "liquidity".
Although there was no way to know the situation of blockchain in the last century, based on liquidity analysis, the future value characteristics of currency can still be accurately grasped. Now for blockchain, most people talk about its technical aspects.Less touching on value content.
However, if the central banks' "quantitative easing" is tracked by the blockchain to the flow of benefits, the technology will immediately "reveal" as benefits.
Is the blockchain the general equivalent of distributed, or distributed? Specific use value
Blockchain can record and measure the monetary flow facts of transactions in a distributed manner. In a distributed transaction recording system based on blockchain technology, each node becomes an independent product consumer, and each subject Equal and decentralized decision-making, all transactions are public, transaction nodes can be anonymous, ensuring the security of node accounts, decentralized management does not require a central server, avoiding expensive operation and maintenance costs, and reducing costs.
Although the blockchain is similar in form to currency Than, it is decentralized, but the liquidity it handles is still based on general equivalents.
We all know that the emergence of blockchain is based on the increasingly serious centralization problem. From the perspective of general equivalent theory, the general equivalent It appears because the equivalents in the existing value form cannot meet the growing exchange needs, so a new equivalent is needed to make up for the shortcomings of the existing equivalents.
French biologist Jacques Monod published " "Inevitability and Contingency" mentioned: There is inevitability in the development of things. The reason why the blockchain is designed as a liquidity account book of general equivalents is self-evident. Of course, according to Jiang Qiping, Information Research Center of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, " From the perspective of "Blockchain and Monetary Philosophy", blockchain is now just a distributed system designed as a general equivalent. If the characteristics of general equivalents no longer play the leading role in the future, then future liquidity will need to be utilized, used, and serviced. Therefore, the Maoqiu Technology Research Department believes that the future blockchain should not only reflect distribution in technology, but also should be reflected in specific value applications.
Heidegger in his masterpiece "Existence" and Time" put forward the philosophical concept: Dasein. It is best used to describe the blockchain here, that is, God will not be willing to be a accounting method, he will live in the present and the purpose of Dasein. Meaning, block If the chain wants to develop for a long time, it must develop a function of situational use, as a being of existence, rather than a flash in the pan.
If the blockchain is no longer a general equivalent, how to treat liquidity
From Jiang Qiping’s perspective on liquidity, shells, currency, and blockchain are different carriers of liquidity in different historical periods and under different value logics. Currency, as liquidity, ignores the use characteristics of value, which have always been Specific, local, and current, it can only be distributed.
Maoqiu Technology Research Department believes that when blockchain captures the distributed characteristics of currency liquidity, although it will be used in the early stage It is used as a bookkeeping application of general equivalents, but in the end it must be negated and negated, and a valuation function corresponding to the service is developed.
❼ The impact and significance of blockchain technology on society What is
On the morning of November 8, 2019, 2019 Trusted BlockThe Chain Summit opens in Beijing. Wang Xinzhe, chief economist of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, and Shang Bing, chairman of the Internet Society of China, attended the opening ceremony of the summit and delivered speeches.
Wang Xinzhe pointed out that a new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation characterized by accelerated innovation and integration of information technology is booming. Blockchain technology is important for promoting high-quality economic development, improving national governance systems and The modernization level of governance capabilities is of great significance.
(7) Extended reading on the significance of the core technology of blockchain:
Wang Xinzhe emphasized that the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology attaches great importance to the development of the blockchain technology industry By creating a good development environment, guiding local governments to accelerate the pace of exploration, supporting breakthroughs in key core technologies, promoting the implementation of industry applications, and building a complete standard system, we support the development of the blockchain technology industry and consolidate the development foundation of China's blockchain field. .
The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology will accelerate the innovative development of blockchain technology industry, vigorously promote the deep integration of blockchain and economy and society, and give full play to the role of blockchain technology in driving technological breakthroughs, driving economic development, and promoting It plays a strategic role in improving people's livelihood and promoting social progress, and makes positive contributions to the realization of the "Two Centenary Goals" and the Chinese Dream of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.
❽ What is blockchain and what is its practical significance for enterprises
Enterprises can use "blockchain+" to accelerate digital transformation, promote changes in corporate organizational methods, and strengthen communityization , collaboration and other new development models, promote finance to serve the real economy more accurately, enterprises can not only get rid of survival difficulties, but also may enter the "second curve" of innovative development and find new growth space. In order to satisfy the public's learning about blockchain knowledge, online live classes are currently launched, you can learn about it.
❾ How to understand the definition of blockchain technology
Chongqing Jinwowo analyzed the definition of blockchain technology as follows:
1. Blockchain is a place where Distributed databases (systems) in non-secure environments.
2. Blockchain uses cryptography to ensure that existing data cannot be tampered with.
3. The blockchain uses a consensus algorithm to reach consensus on new data.
A system with the above three properties is the blockchain.
❿ What is blockchain technology? What are the core components of blockchain technology?
What is blockchain technology? What are the core components of blockchain technology? What is blockchain technology:
Blockchain is a new application model of computer technology such as distributed data storage, point-to-point transmission, consensus mechanism, encryption algorithm, etc. The so-called consensus mechanism is a mathematical algorithm that establishes trust and obtains rights and interests between different nodes in the blockchain system.
Blockchain is an important concept of Bitcoin. It is essentially a decentralized database and serves as the underlying technology of Bitcoin. Blockchain is a chain of cryptographyEach data block contains the information of a Bitcoin network transaction, which is used to verify the validity of the information (anti-counterfeiting) and generate the next block.
The core components of blockchain technology:
Blockchain mainly solves the trust and security issues of transactions, so it proposes four technological innovations to address this issue:
The first one is called distribution A type of ledger means that transaction accounting is completed by multiple nodes distributed in different places, and each node records a complete account, so they can all participate in supervising the legality of the transaction and can also jointly testify for it.
Different from traditional distributed storage, the uniqueness of blockchain distributed storage is mainly reflected in two aspects: First, each node of the blockchain stores complete data according to the block chain structure. Traditional distributed storage generally divides data into multiple parts for storage according to certain rules. Second, the storage of each node in the blockchain is independent and has equal status, relying on the consensus mechanism to ensure the consistency of storage, while traditional distributed storage generally synchronizes data to other backup nodes through the central node. [8]
No node can record ledger data independently, thus avoiding the possibility of a single bookkeeper being controlled or bribed to record false accounts. Also because there are enough accounting nodes, theoretically speaking, the accounts will not be lost unless all nodes are destroyed, thereby ensuring the security of the accounting data.
The second one is called asymmetric encryption and authorization technology. The transaction information stored on the blockchain is public, but the account identity information is highly encrypted and can only be accessed with authorization from the data owner. This ensures data security and personal privacy.
The third one is called the consensus mechanism, which is how all accounting nodes reach a consensus to determine the validity of a record. This is both a means of identification and a means of preventing tampering. Blockchain proposes four different consensus mechanisms, which are suitable for different application scenarios and strike a balance between efficiency and security.
The consensus mechanism of the blockchain has the characteristics of "the minority obeys the majority" and "everyone is equal". "The minority obeys the majority" does not entirely refer to the number of nodes, but can also be computing power, the number of shares, or other factors. A characteristic quantity that a computer can compare. "Everyone is equal" means that when a node meets the conditions, all nodes have the right to give priority to the consensus result, which will be directly recognized by other nodes and may eventually become the final consensus result. [8]
Taking Bitcoin as an example, it uses proof of work. Only when more than 51% of the accounting nodes in the entire network are controlled, it is possible to forge a non-existent record. When there are enough nodes joining the blockchain, this is basically impossible, thus eliminating the possibility of fraud.
The last technical feature is called smart contracts. Smart contracts are based on these trustworthy and non-tamperable data and can automatically execute some predefined rules and terms. to protectTaking insurance as an example, if everyone's information (including medical information and risk occurrence information) is true and trustworthy, it will be easy to automate claims settlement in some standardized insurance products.
In the daily business of insurance companies, although transactions are not as frequent as those in the banking and securities industries, the reliance on trusted data continues unabated. Therefore, the author believes that using blockchain technology from the perspective of data management can effectively help insurance companies improve their risk management capabilities. Specifically speaking, it is mainly divided into risk management of policyholders and risk supervision of insurance companies.
Chongqing Jinwowo Analysis: The consensus mechanism is the core of blockchain technology. The consensus mechanism largely determines the degree of mutual trust between nodes in the entire blockchain system, and also determines other users’ views on the blockchain. The degree of trust in online data
What is the core component of blockchain technology? Analysis by Chongqing Jinwowo: Blockchain technology consists of three core technologies: consensus mechanism, common defense mechanism, and distributed storage.
The three core technologies are supported by machine trust, that is, through the support of network technology, breakthroughs in difficult problems such as point-to-point transactions, decentralization, non-tampering of recorded information, irreversible transactions, and information encryption are achieved through network technology support.
The development of blockchain technology is becoming more and more prosperous with the continuous expansion of applications. This powerful development force coming from the needs of various industries has caused rapid changes in blockchain technology, allowing various industries to achieve great results. The results are attracting more and more attention, and professional technologies and resources are constantly concentrated in this industry, thus bringing the development of blockchain technology into a new stage, and the impact of this development of blockchain technology has also much attention.
When talking about blockchain technology, Bitcoin has to be mentioned. Many people know that the electronic currency Bitcoin does not rely on the issuance of a specific monetary institution, but is generated through a large number of calculations by a specific algorithm. In fact, the core that truly supports Bitcoin is blockchain technology.
How does the invisible and intangible Bitcoin operate through blockchain technology? The interpretation circulated in the industry is that blockchain can be regarded as a technical solution for collectively maintaining reliable databases through "decentralization" and "trustlessness". In layman’s terms, this technology can be understood as a technology in which everyone participates in accounting. In the past, people used centralized servers to keep accounts, but in the blockchain technology system, everyone can participate in accounting and jointly identify Authenticity of records.
"Through this technology, even if there is no neutral third-party organization, two parties that do not trust each other can achieve cooperation. In short, the blockchain is like a 'machine that creates trust.'" Bubi Company It is a leading blockchain service provider in China. It has made many breakthroughs in the blockchain technology platform, can meet scenarios with tens of millions of users, and has the ability to quickly build upper-layer application businesses.
Parties involved in recording and storing informationThe blockchain technology adopts a decentralized distributed structure, which saves a lot of intermediary costs and can better ensure data security; at the same time, it has an untamperable timestamp, which can effectively solve problems such as data tracking and information anti-counterfeiting.
Will it become the next trend of Internet finance?
Although blockchain emerged with Bitcoin, the derived value of this technology has transcended digital currency. Bubi Blockchain focuses on the innovation of blockchain technology and products. It already possesses a number of core technologies and has developed its own blockchain service platform. With decentralized trust as the core, we are committed to building an open value circulation network to allow digital assets to flow freely. What Bubi wants to do is to create a new technology and product - to realize real value circulation and bring the Internet to a new level. With the application of this technology, there will be no central organization when transferring assets, and direct transfer of assets between us can be achieved.
In the current international financial market, the U.S. Central Bank, Swiss Bank, and some insurance and futures companies are all competing to develop blockchain technology. Fang Liang introduced that in the Internet financial industry, blockchain technology will first affect financial infrastructure such as payment systems, securities settlement systems, and transaction databases; later, the technology will also expand to general financial services, such as credit systems and "anti-money laundering" "wait.
"The payment and clearing system in the financial field will evolve towards decentralization. The electronic ledger supported by blockchain technology is a reliable system that is error-free and cannot be tampered with. It has various functions for payment, clearing, transaction, confirmation of rights, etc. A profound impact," Li Yan said.
Therefore, industry insiders believe that blockchain technology may be the next trend in the Internet financial industry. As the interconnection of all things deepens, Yang Tao, assistant director of the Institute of Finance, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, also said that blockchain will make it possible for all individuals to become important nodes in the allocation of financial resources, and will also promote the improvement of existing financial system rules. Build a shared and win-win financial development ecosystem.
Blockchain technology will affect many industries
"Blockchain technology has been widely used in the era of big data." Li Yan said frankly that in addition to the Internet financial field, blockchain technology has been used in many industries. It has been applied in many fields and has shown great prospects.
For example, the healthcare industry has benefited greatly from blockchain technology. In reality, patient private information leaks often occur, and centralized database or file cabinet management in medical departments is no longer the optimal choice. Medical institutions are using blockchain technology to keep patients' private information confidential.
In addition, blockchain technology also has important legal implications. In some civil fields, it is often necessary to provide evidence to determine blame, and blockchain technology can record every step and help judicial authorities identify the specific responsible person.
"Especially in the field of assets, whether it is physical assets such as real estate and cars, or intangible assets such as health and reputation, this technology can be used to complete registration, transactions, and tracking. This canIn this way, blockchain technology will be useful in any area of production and life that lacks trust. ”
The development of blockchain technology has also brought about changes in the operational concepts of various industries. New technologies and new concepts have promoted new developments in various industries. This driving force has an impact on society and the promotion of economic activities. It is also huge. Many new industry phenomena will occur one after another, and the public is also waiting and watching, looking forward to this new technology being used by various industries and better benefiting various industries.
The so-called blockchain technology, also known as distributed ledger technology, is an Internet database technology that is characterized by decentralization, openness and transparency, allowing everyone to participate in database records.
Explained in layman’s terms: If the database is assumed to be a ledger, reading and writing the database can be regarded as a bookkeeping behavior. The principle of blockchain technology is to find out the fastest and best bookkeeping within a period of time. This person will keep accounts, and then send this page of information in the ledger to everyone else in the entire system. This is equivalent to changing all the records in the database and sending it to every other node in the entire network, so Blockchain technology is also called distributed ledger.
What is the core technology of Jinwowo blockchain technology?
Chongqing Jinwowo analyzes blockchain The core technologies of the technology are as follows:
Distributed ledger technology, asymmetric encryption technology and smart contracts.
The core of blockchain is that it Store all information in independent personal computer networks, making it a decentralized, distributed structure.
This means that the system is not owned by a controlling company or individual, but Everyone can use and run the system.
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What is blockchain technology?Blockchain has been hyped up, but you are obsessed with it. I don’t know!
Blockchain is a distributed database system that is jointly participated by different nodes. It is an open ledger system (ledger).
It is composed of a string of It consists of data blocks or data packets generated by cryptography methods, that is, blocks. Each block of data information is automatically timestamped, thereby calculating a data encryption value, that is, a hash value. < /p>
Blockchain technology is essentially a distributed accounting technology. It allows everyone to have an instantly synchronized account book in their hands. Every transaction that occurs in the entire network will have thousands of backups and synchronous records. When perpetrators attempt to tamper with ledger data, they must change the ledger in the hands of the majority of people to achieve their goal.
